firmament
Who acts: firmament, whole firmament, Stars, bird · What happens: be, fall, shine, fill, fly · To what, where: sky, falling star, dark firmament, firmament, hills
«firmament» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: firmament in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.
The firmament is the sky, especially the sky full of stars and heavenly things.
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 firmament | det |
| 2 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sky | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 sky | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sky | det |
| 5 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 sky | punct |
| 7 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 9 sky | advmod |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sky | det |
| 9 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sky | conj |
| 10 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 sky | amod |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 stars | case |
| 12 | stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 full | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 things | cc |
| 14 | heavenly | heavenly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 things | amod |
| 15 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 stars | conj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sky | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the firmament | the sky and the sky | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1
A falling star shone in the dark firmament.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 star | det |
| 2 | falling | fall | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 star | amod |
| 3 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | shone | shine | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 star | acl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 firmament | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 firmament | det |
| 7 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 firmament | amod |
| 8 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shone | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 star | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | gerund | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | shine | participle | a falling star not said here | the dark firmament | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in firmament=Location |
Example 2
The whole firmament was ablaze with northern lights.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 firmament | det |
| 2 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 firmament | amod |
| 3 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 ablaze | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 ablaze | cop |
| 5 | ablaze | ablaze | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 lights | case |
| 7 | northern | northern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 lights | amod |
| 8 | lights | light | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 ablaze | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 ablaze | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the whole firmament | with northern lights; ablaze property | tree rules |
Example 3
Stars filled the firmament above the hills.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 filled | nsubj |
| 2 | filled | fill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 firmament | det |
| 4 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 filled | obj |
| 5 | above | above | ADP | _ | 7 hills | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 hills | det |
| 7 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 filled | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 filled | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fill | past | Stars | the firmament | the hills | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent firmament=Patient |
Example 4
The bird flew high into the firmament.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bird | det |
| 2 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flew | nsubj |
| 3 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | high | high | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 flew | advmod |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 firmament | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 firmament | det |
| 7 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flew | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 flew | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fly | past | the bird | into the firmament result; high property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into firmament=Result |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/firmament/