fluent

Who acts: friend, She, fluent reader, you, He, his · What happens: speak, read, write, do, stop, be · To what, where: language, fluent reader, English, lots, times tables, Quebec · Speech: someone speaks here

«fluent» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: fluent in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Able to speak, read or write a language easily and well, as in «fluent in French».

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	to	to	PART	_	3 speak	mark
3	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Able	xcomp
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 read	punct
5	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 speak	conj
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 write	cc
7	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 read	conj
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 language	det
9	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 write	obj
10	easily	easily	ADV	_	7 write	advmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 well	cc
12	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	10 easily	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 fluent	punct
14	as	as	ADP	_	17 fluent	case
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 fluent	case
16	«	«	PUNCT	_	17 fluent	punct
17	fluent	fluent	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 write	parataxis
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 French	case
19	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 fluent	nmod
20	»	»	PUNCT	_	17 fluent	punct
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Able	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	to-infinitive			vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	read	infinitive			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	write	infinitive	a language	easily property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent language=Recipient clause=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Done smoothly and easily without stopping, as in «a fluent reader».

The tree, 11 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	smoothly	smoothly	ADV	_	1 Done	advmod
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 easily	cc
4	easily	easily	ADV	_	2 smoothly	conj
5	without	without	SCONJ	_	6 stopping	mark
6	stopping	stop	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Done	advcl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 reader	punct
8	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 reader	mark
9	in	in	ADP	_	13 reader	case
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	13 reader	punct
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 reader	det
12	fluent	fluent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 reader	amod
13	reader	reader	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stopping	obl
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 reader	punct
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Done	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	participle						smoothly property	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	stop	gerund				a fluent reader			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in reader=Location

Meaning 3

Smooth and graceful, as in «fluent movements».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Smooth	smooth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 graceful	cc
3	graceful	graceful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Smooth	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 movements	punct
5	as	as	ADP	_	9 movements	case
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 movements	case
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 movements	punct
8	fluent	fluent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 movements	amod
9	movements	movement	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Smooth	parataxis
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 movements	punct
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Smooth	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

My friend is fluent in English and Polish.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 friend	nmod:poss
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fluent	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fluent	cop
4	fluent	fluent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 English	case
6	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 fluent	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 Polish	cc
8	Polish	Polish	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 English	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 fluent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	My friend			English and Polish		fluent property	tree rules

Example 2

She is a fluent reader who uses lots of expression.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 reader	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 reader	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 reader	det
4	fluent	fluent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 reader	amod
5	reader	reader	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 uses	nsubj
7	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 reader	acl:relcl
8	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 uses	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 expression	case
10	expression	expression	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lots	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 reader	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	She	a fluent reader					tree rules
2	use	present	a fluent reader	lots of expression					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient

Example 3

Practise your times tables until you are fluent.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Practise	practise	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 times	nmod:poss
3	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 tables	compound
4	tables	table	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Practise	obj
5	until	until	SCONJ	_	8 fluent	mark
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 fluent	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 fluent	cop
8	fluent	fluent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Practise	advcl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Practise	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	practise	imperative	you not said here	times tables					tree rules
2	is	present	you					fluent property	tree rules

Example 4

He spoke fluently about his project.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 spoke	nsubj
2	spoke	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	fluently	fluently	ADV	_	2 spoke	advmod
4	about	about	ADP	_	6 project	case
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 project	nmod:poss
6	project	project	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spoke	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spoke	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	past	He					about his project; fluently property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about project=Topic
2	project		his = he						nom project «act transitive»: poss=agent

Example 5

After living in Quebec, Mum became fluent in French.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	SCONJ	_	2 living	mark
2	living	live	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 became	advcl
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Quebec	case
4	Quebec	Quebec	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 living	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 living	punct
6	Mum	Mum	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 became	nsubj
7	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	fluent	fluent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 became	xcomp
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 French	case
10	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 fluent	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 became	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	gerund	Mum not said here			Quebec			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in quebec=Location
2	become	past	Mum					fluent property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Example 6

The dancer's moves were fluent and smooth.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dancer	det
2	dancer	dancer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 moves	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 dancer	case
4	moves	move	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 fluent	nsubj
5	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 fluent	cop
6	fluent	fluent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 smooth	cc
8	smooth	smooth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 fluent	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 fluent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	past	the dancer's moves	fluent property	tree rules
2	be		the dancer's moves not said here		tree rules
3	move		the dancer		nom move «act intransitive»: poss=agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/fluent/