forest Who acts: forest, large number, We, Amazon, Many animals, forest fire · What happens: be, cover, close, walk, live, spread · To what, where: large area, land, large number, forest, largest rainforest, Gretel
«forest» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: forest in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A forest is a large area of land covered thickly with trees and plants.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj cop det amod case nmod acl xcomp case obl cc conj punct root A DET forest NOUN is AUX a DET large ADJ area NOUN of ADP land NOUN covered VERB thickly ADJ with ADP trees NOUN and CCONJ plants NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 forest det 2 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 6 area nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 area cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 area det 5 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 6 area amod 6 area area NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 land case 8 land land NOUN Number=Sing 6 area nmod 9 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 land acl 10 thickly thickly ADJ Degree=Pos 9 covered xcomp 11 with with ADP _ 12 trees case 12 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 10 thickly obl 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 plants cc 14 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 12 trees conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 area punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a forest a large area of land tree rules 2 cover participle land not said here thickly property vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A forest of something is a large number of tall things close together: a forest of hands.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj case nmod cop det amod case amod obl acl:relcl advmod punct det conj case nmod punct root A DET forest NOUN of ADP something PRON is AUX a DET large ADJ number NOUN of ADP tall ADJ things NOUN close VERB together ADV : PUNCT a DET forest NOUN of ADP hands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 forest det 2 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 8 number nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 something case 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 forest nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 number cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 number det 7 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 8 number amod 8 number number NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 11 things case 10 tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos 11 things amod 11 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 12 close obl 12 close close VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 number acl:relcl 13 together together ADV _ 12 close advmod 14 : : PUNCT _ 16 forest punct 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 forest det 16 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 8 number conj 17 of of ADP _ 18 hands case 18 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 16 forest nmod 19 . . PUNCT _ 8 number punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a forest of something a large number and a forest of hands tree rules 2 close present a large number and a forest of hands not said here of tall things; together property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 1 We walked through the forest on a path.
nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root We PRON walked VERB through ADP the DET forest NOUN on ADP a DET path NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 walked nsubj 2 walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 through through ADP _ 5 forest case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 forest det 5 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 2 walked obl 6 on on ADP _ 8 path case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 path det 8 path path NOUN Number=Sing 2 walked obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 walked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk past We the forest on a path vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through forest=Trajectory
Example 2 The Amazon is the largest rainforest.
det nsubj cop det amod punct root The DET Amazon PROPN is AUX the DET largest ADJ rainforest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Amazon det 2 Amazon Amazon PROPN Number=Sing 6 rainforest nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 rainforest cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 rainforest det 5 largest large ADJ Degree=Sup 6 rainforest amod 6 rainforest rainforest NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 rainforest punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the Amazon the largest rainforest tree rules
Example 3 Many animals live in the forest.
amod nsubj case det obl punct root Many ADJ animals NOUN live VERB in ADP the DET forest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 2 animals amod 2 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 3 live nsubj 3 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 forest case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 forest det 6 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 3 live obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Many animals the forest vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in forest=Location
Example 4 A forest fire can spread very fast.
det compound nsubj aux advmod advmod punct root A DET forest NOUN fire NOUN can AUX spread VERB very ADV fast ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 fire det 2 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 3 fire compound 3 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 5 spread nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 spread aux 5 spread spread VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 very very ADV _ 7 fast advmod 7 fast fast ADV Degree=Pos 5 spread advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 spread punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spread can a forest fire fast property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Hansel and Gretel got lost in the forest.
cc nsubj:pass aux:pass conj case det obl punct root Hansel VERB and CCONJ Gretel PROPN got AUX lost VERB in ADP the DET forest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hansel hansel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 and and CCONJ _ 5 lost cc 3 Gretel Gretel PROPN Number=Sing 5 lost nsubj:pass 4 got get AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 lost aux:pass 5 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Hansel conj 6 in in ADP _ 8 forest case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 forest det 8 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 5 lost obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Hansel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hansel imperative you not said here tree rules 2 lose past · passive Gretel the forest vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
Example 6 Trees in the forest lose their leaves in autumn.
nsubj case det nmod nmod:poss obj case obl punct root Trees NOUN in ADP the DET forest NOUN lose VERB their PRON leaves NOUN in ADP autumn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 5 lose nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 4 forest case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 forest det 4 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 1 Trees nmod 5 lose lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 leaves nmod:poss 7 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 5 lose obj 8 in in ADP _ 9 autumn case 9 autumn autumn NOUN Number=Sing 5 lose obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 lose punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose present Trees in the forest Trees's leaves autumn vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Eventuality
Example 7 Cutting down forests harms wildlife.
csubj compound:prt obj obj punct root Cutting VERB down ADP forests NOUN harms VERB wildlife NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cutting cut VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 harms csubj 2 down down ADP _ 1 Cutting compound:prt 3 forests forest NOUN Number=Plur 1 Cutting obj 4 harms harm VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 wildlife wildlife NOUN Number=Sing 4 harms obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 harms punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut down gerund forests vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset forest=Product 2 harm present Cutting wildlife vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus wildlife=Experiencer
Example 8 A forest of hands went up when the teacher asked a question.
det nsubj case nmod compound:prt advmod det nsubj advcl det obj punct root A DET forest NOUN of ADP hands NOUN went VERB up ADP when ADV the DET teacher NOUN asked VERB a DET question NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 forest det 2 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 5 went nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 hands case 4 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 2 forest nmod 5 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 up up ADP _ 5 went compound:prt 7 when when ADV PronType=Int 10 asked advmod 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 teacher det 9 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 10 asked nsubj 10 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 went advcl 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 question det 12 question question NOUN Number=Sing 10 asked obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go up past a forest of hands vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 2 ask speech: ask past the teacher a question vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent question=Recipient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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