foundation Who acts: ground, organisation, Reading, builders, foundation, rumour · What happens: hold up, build, give, set up, be, dig · To what, where: ground, something, part, money, foundation, deep foundations · Speech: someone speaks here
«foundation» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: foundation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The strong base under a building, usually under the ground, that holds it up.
The tree, 14 words det amod case det nmod punct advmod case det appos punct nsubj acl:relcl obj compound:prt punct root The DET strong ADJ base NOUN under ADP a DET building NOUN , PUNCT usually ADV under ADP the DET ground NOUN , PUNCT that PRON holds VERB it PRON up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 base det 2 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 3 base amod 3 base base NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 under under ADP _ 6 building case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 building det 6 building building NOUN Number=Sing 3 base nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 ground punct 8 usually usually ADV _ 11 ground advmod 9 under under ADP _ 11 ground case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 ground det 11 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 3 base appos 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 holds punct 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 holds nsubj 14 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 ground acl:relcl 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 holds obj 16 up up ADP _ 14 holds compound:prt 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 base punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold up present the ground ground vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The basic idea or part on which something else is built.
det amod cc conj case obl nsubj:pass advmod aux:pass acl:relcl punct root The DET basic ADJ idea NOUN or CCONJ part NOUN on ADP which PRON something PRON else ADV is AUX built VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 idea det 2 basic basic ADJ Degree=Pos 3 idea amod 3 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 part cc 5 part part NOUN Number=Sing 3 idea conj 6 on on ADP _ 7 which case 7 which which PRON PronType=Rel 11 built obl 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 built nsubj:pass 9 else else ADV _ 8 something advmod 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 built aux:pass 11 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 part acl:relcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 idea punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build present · passive something part vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme on which=Source
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
Reading is the foundation of learning.
nsubj cop det case nmod punct root Reading NOUN is AUX the DET foundation NOUN of ADP learning NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Reading reading NOUN Number=Sing 4 foundation nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 foundation cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 foundation det 4 foundation foundation NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 learning case 6 learning learning NOUN Number=Sing 4 foundation nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 foundation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Reading the foundation of learning tree rules
Meaning 3 An organisation that gives money for good causes: a charity foundation.
det nsubj acl:relcl obj case amod obl punct det compound conj punct root An DET organisation NOUN that PRON gives VERB money NOUN for ADP good ADJ causes NOUN : PUNCT a DET charity NOUN foundation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 organisation det 2 organisation organisation NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 gives nsubj 4 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 organisation acl:relcl 5 money money NOUN Number=Sing 4 gives obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 causes case 7 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 8 causes amod 8 causes cause NOUN Number=Plur 4 gives obl 9 : : PUNCT _ 12 foundation punct 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 foundation det 11 charity charity NOUN Number=Sing 12 foundation compound 12 foundation foundation NOUN Number=Sing 8 causes conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 organisation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present a organisation money for good causes and a charity foundation vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent money=Theme for cause=Asset
Meaning 4 The starting or setting up of something: the foundation of the school.
det cc conj compound:prt case obl punct det appos case det nmod punct root The DET starting NOUN or CCONJ setting VERB up ADP of ADP something PRON : PUNCT the DET foundation NOUN of ADP the DET school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 starting det 2 starting starting NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 setting cc 4 setting set VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 starting conj 5 up up ADP _ 4 setting compound:prt 6 of of ADP _ 7 something case 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 setting obl 8 : : PUNCT _ 10 foundation punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 foundation det 10 foundation foundation NOUN Number=Sing 7 something appos 11 of of ADP _ 13 school case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 school det 13 school school NOUN Number=Sing 10 foundation nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 starting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 set up gerund of something vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 5 A skin-coloured make-up cream.
det compound punct amod compound punct compound punct root A DET skin NOUN - PUNCT coloured ADJ make NOUN - PUNCT up NOUN cream NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 make det 2 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 4 coloured compound 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 skin punct 4 coloured coloured ADJ Degree=Pos 5 make amod 5 make make NOUN Number=Sing 7 up compound 6 - - PUNCT _ 7 up punct 7 up up NOUN Number=Sing 8 cream compound 8 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 cream punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 The builders dug deep foundations for the house.
det nsubj amod obj case det obl punct root The DET builders NOUN dug VERB deep ADJ foundations NOUN for ADP the DET house NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 builders det 2 builders builder NOUN Number=Plur 3 dug nsubj 3 dug dig VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 5 foundations amod 5 foundations foundation NOUN Number=Plur 3 dug obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 house case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 house det 8 house house NOUN Number=Sing 3 dug obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 dug punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dig past the builders deep foundations for the house vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent foundation=Result for house=Beneficiary
Example 2 Counting is the foundation of maths.
nsubj cop det case nmod punct root Counting VERB is AUX the DET foundation NOUN of ADP maths NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Counting count VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 foundation nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 foundation cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 foundation det 4 foundation foundation NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 maths case 6 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 4 foundation nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 foundation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 count gerund vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus 2 is a present the foundation of maths tree rules
Example 3 The foundation gave money to the hospital.
det nsubj obj case det obl punct root The DET foundation NOUN gave VERB money NOUN to ADP the DET hospital NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 foundation det 2 foundation foundation NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 money money NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 hospital case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 hospital det 7 hospital hospital NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the foundation money the hospital vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent money=Theme to hospital=Recipient
Example 4 The rumour is without foundation.
det nsubj cop case punct root The DET rumour NOUN is AUX without ADP foundation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rumour det 2 rumour rumour NOUN Number=Sing 5 foundation nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 foundation cop 4 without without ADP _ 5 foundation case 5 foundation foundation NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 foundation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the rumour without foundation tree rules
Example 5 My little sister is in Foundation this year.
nmod:poss amod nsubj cop case obl det punct root My PRON little ADJ sister NOUN is AUX in ADP Foundation PROPN this DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 sister nmod:poss 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sister amod 3 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 8 year nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 year cop 5 in in ADP _ 6 Foundation case 6 Foundation Foundation PROPN Number=Sing 4 is obl 7 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 8 year det 8 year year NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 year punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present My little sister this year tree rules
Example 6 The mayor laid the foundation stone.
det nsubj det compound obj punct root The DET mayor NOUN laid VERB the DET foundation NOUN stone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 mayor det 2 mayor mayor NOUN Number=Sing 3 laid nsubj 3 laid lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 stone det 5 foundation foundation NOUN Number=Sing 6 stone compound 6 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 3 laid obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 laid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lay past the mayor the foundation stone vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Result
Example 7 "I confess, Prince," said the vizir, "that there is some foundation for what you say.
The tree, 15 words punct nsubj ccomp punct obj punct punct det obj punct punct mark expl cop det appos case nmod nsubj acl:relcl punct root " PUNCT I PRON confess VERB , PUNCT Prince PROPN , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB the DET vizir NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT that SCONJ there PRON is AUX some DET foundation NOUN for ADP what PRON you PRON say VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 confess punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 confess nsubj 3 confess confess VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 said ccomp 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Prince punct 5 Prince Prince PROPN Number=Sing 3 confess obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 confess punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 3 confess punct 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 vizir det 10 vizir vizir NOUN Number=Sing 8 said obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 17 foundation punct 12 " " PUNCT _ 17 foundation punct 13 that that SCONJ _ 15 is mark 14 there there PRON PronType=Dem 15 is expl 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 foundation cop 16 some some DET PronType=Ind 17 foundation det 17 foundation foundation NOUN Number=Sing 10 vizir appos 18 for for ADP _ 19 what case 19 what what PRON PronType=Rel 17 foundation nmod 20 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 21 say nsubj 21 say say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 what acl:relcl 22 . . PUNCT _ 8 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 confess in a quote present the vizir = vizir Prince vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prince=Topic 2 say speech: assert past the vizir vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 is a in a quote present some foundation for the vizir tree rules 4 say speech: assert in a quote present you vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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