freshwater Who acts: Freshwater, water, Freshwater animals, trout, Fresh water, people · What happens: describe, not be, live, be, drink, use · To what, where: water, freshwater fish, salt, freshwater habitat, Most, ice
«freshwater» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: freshwater in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Freshwater describes water that is not salty, like the water in most rivers, lakes, ponds and streams.
The tree, 17 words nsubj obj nsubj cop advmod acl:relcl punct case det obl case amod nmod punct conj punct conj cc conj punct root Freshwater NOUN describes VERB water NOUN that PRON is AUX not PART salty ADJ , PUNCT like ADP the DET water NOUN in ADP most ADJ rivers NOUN , PUNCT lakes NOUN , PUNCT ponds NOUN and CCONJ streams NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Freshwater freshwater NOUN Number=Sing 2 describes nsubj 2 describes describe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 describes obj 4 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 salty nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 salty cop 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 salty advmod 7 salty salty ADJ Degree=Pos 3 water acl:relcl 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 water punct 9 like like ADP _ 11 water case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 water det 11 water water NOUN Number=Sing 7 salty obl 12 in in ADP _ 14 rivers case 13 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 14 rivers amod 14 rivers river NOUN Number=Plur 11 water nmod 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 lakes punct 16 lakes lake NOUN Number=Plur 14 rivers conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 ponds punct 18 ponds pond NOUN Number=Plur 14 rivers conj 19 and and CCONJ _ 20 streams cc 20 streams stream NOUN Number=Plur 14 rivers conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 2 describes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe present Freshwater water vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent water=Theme 2 not is present water like the water in most rivers and lakes and ponds and streams; salty property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Freshwater animals and plants live in water that is not salty: a trout is a freshwater fish.
The tree, 17 words compound nsubj cc conj case obl nsubj cop advmod acl:relcl punct det nsubj cop det compound obl punct root Freshwater NOUN animals NOUN and CCONJ plants NOUN live VERB in ADP water NOUN that PRON is AUX not PART salty ADJ : PUNCT a DET trout NOUN is AUX a DET freshwater NOUN fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Freshwater freshwater NOUN Number=Sing 2 animals compound 2 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 5 live nsubj 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 plants cc 4 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 animals conj 5 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 water case 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 5 live obl 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 salty nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 salty cop 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 salty advmod 11 salty salty ADJ Degree=Pos 7 water acl:relcl 12 : : PUNCT _ 18 fish punct 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 trout det 14 trout trout NOUN Number=Sing 18 fish nsubj 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 fish cop 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 fish det 17 freshwater freshwater NOUN Number=Sing 18 fish compound 18 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 5 live obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Freshwater animals and plants water vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location 2 not is present water salty property tree rules 3 is a present a trout a freshwater fish tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: noun, written as two words — kept apart, not parsed.
Fresh water is water without salt that people, animals and plants can drink or use.
The tree, 15 words amod nsubj cop case nmod mark nsubj punct conj cc conj aux acl cc conj punct root Fresh ADJ water NOUN is AUX water NOUN without ADP salt NOUN that SCONJ people NOUN , PUNCT animals NOUN and CCONJ plants NOUN can AUX drink VERB or CCONJ use VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 2 water amod 2 water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 water nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 water cop 4 water water NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 without without ADP _ 6 salt case 6 salt salt NOUN Number=Sing 4 water nmod 7 that that SCONJ _ 14 drink mark 8 people people NOUN Number=Plur 14 drink nsubj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 animals punct 10 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 8 people conj 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 plants cc 12 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 8 people conj 13 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 drink aux 14 drink drink VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 salt acl 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 use cc 16 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 drink conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 water punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Fresh water water without salt tree rules 2 drink can people and animals and plants salt not said here vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salt=Patient 3 use infinitive people and animals and plants not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 A pond is a freshwater habitat.
det nsubj cop det compound punct root A DET pond NOUN is AUX a DET freshwater NOUN habitat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pond det 2 pond pond NOUN Number=Sing 6 habitat nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 habitat cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 habitat det 5 freshwater freshwater NOUN Number=Sing 6 habitat compound 6 habitat habitat NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 habitat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a pond a freshwater habitat tree rules
Example 2 Trout and perch are freshwater fish.
nsubj cc conj cop amod punct root Trout NOUN and CCONJ perch NOUN are AUX freshwater ADJ fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Trout trout NOUN Number=Sing 6 fish nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 perch cc 3 perch perch NOUN Number=Sing 1 Trout conj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 fish cop 5 freshwater freshwater ADJ Degree=Pos 6 fish amod 6 fish fish NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 fish punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Trout and perch freshwater fish tree rules
Example 3 Most of the Earth's fresh water is frozen in ice.
nsubj:pass case det nmod:poss case amod nmod aux:pass case obl punct root Most ADJ of ADP the DET Earth PROPN 's PART fresh ADJ water NOUN is AUX frozen VERB in ADP ice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 9 frozen nsubj:pass 2 of of ADP _ 7 water case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Earth det 4 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 7 water nmod:poss 5 's 's PART _ 4 Earth case 6 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 7 water amod 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 1 Most nmod 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 frozen aux:pass 9 frozen freeze VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 10 in in ADP _ 11 ice case 11 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 9 frozen obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 frozen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 freeze present · passive Most of the Earth's fresh water ice vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result
Example 4 We cannot drink sea water, we need fresh water.
nsubj aux advmod compound obj punct nsubj parataxis amod obj punct root We PRON can AUX not PART drink VERB sea NOUN water NOUN , PUNCT we PRON need VERB fresh ADJ water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 drink nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 drink aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 drink advmod 4 drink drink VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 6 water compound 6 water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 drink obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 need punct 8 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 need nsubj 9 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 drink parataxis 10 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 11 water amod 11 water water NOUN Number=Sing 9 need obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 drink punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not drink can We sea water vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient 2 need present we fresh water vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot water=Theme
Example 5 The freshwater crayfish hides under stones in the stream.
det compound nsubj case obl case det obl punct root The DET freshwater NOUN crayfish NOUN hides VERB under ADP stones NOUN in ADP the DET stream NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 crayfish det 2 freshwater freshwater NOUN Number=Sing 3 crayfish compound 3 crayfish crayfish NOUN Number=Sing 4 hides nsubj 4 hides hide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 under under ADP _ 6 stones case 6 stones stone NOUN Number=Plur 4 hides obl 7 in in ADP _ 9 stream case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 stream det 9 stream stream NOUN Number=Sing 4 hides obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 hides punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hide present the freshwater crayfish stones in the stream vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under stone=Location
Example 6 Lake Superior is one of the biggest freshwater lakes in the world.
nsubj flat cop case det amod compound nmod case det nmod punct root Lake PROPN Superior PROPN is AUX one NUM of ADP the DET biggest ADJ freshwater NOUN lakes NOUN in ADP the DET world NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lake Lake PROPN Number=Sing 4 one nsubj 2 Superior Superior PROPN Number=Sing 1 Lake flat 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 one cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 5 of of ADP _ 9 lakes case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 lakes det 7 biggest big ADJ Degree=Sup 9 lakes amod 8 freshwater freshwater NOUN Number=Sing 9 lakes compound 9 lakes lake NOUN Number=Plur 4 one nmod 10 in in ADP _ 12 world case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 world det 12 world world NOUN Number=Sing 9 lakes nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Lake one of the biggest freshwater lakes in the world tree rules
Example 7 Our class kept tadpoles in a freshwater tank.
nmod:poss nsubj obj case det compound obl punct root Our PRON class NOUN kept VERB tadpoles NOUN in ADP a DET freshwater NOUN tank NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 class nmod:poss 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 kept nsubj 3 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 tadpoles tadpole NOUN Number=Plur 3 kept obj 5 in in ADP _ 8 tank case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 tank det 7 freshwater freshwater NOUN Number=Sing 8 tank compound 8 tank tank NOUN Number=Sing 3 kept obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past Our class tadpoles a freshwater tank vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent tadpole=Theme in tank=Location
Example 8 Frogs lay their eggs in freshwater ponds.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case compound obl punct root Frogs NOUN lay VERB their PRON eggs NOUN in ADP freshwater NOUN ponds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Frogs frog NOUN Number=Plur 2 lay nsubj 2 lay lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 eggs nmod:poss 4 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 2 lay obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 ponds case 6 freshwater freshwater NOUN Number=Sing 7 ponds compound 7 ponds pond NOUN Number=Plur 2 lay obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 lay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lay present Frogs Frogs's eggs freshwater ponds vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in pond=Destination
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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