gallon Who acts: unit, UK imperial gallon, US gallon, We, One gallon, car · What happens: measure, be, buy, do, hold, drink · To what, where: liquids, 4.55 litres, 3.79 litres, gallon, store, 8 pints
«gallon» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gallon in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A unit for measuring liquids. A UK (imperial) gallon is about 4.55 litres; a US gallon is about 3.79 litres.
Sentence 1: A unit for measuring liquids.
det mark acl obj punct root A DET unit NOUN for SCONJ measuring VERB liquids NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 unit det 2 unit unit NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 for for SCONJ _ 4 measuring mark 4 measuring measure VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 unit acl 5 liquids liquid NOUN Number=Plur 4 measuring obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 unit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 measure gerund a unit not said here liquids vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme liquid=Value
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: A UK (imperial) gallon is about 4.55 litres; a US gallon is about 3.79 litres.
The tree, 15 words det compound punct amod punct nsubj cop advmod nummod punct det compound nsubj cop advmod nummod conj punct root A DET UK PROPN ( PUNCT imperial ADJ ) PUNCT gallon NOUN is AUX about ADV 4.55 NUM litres NOUN ; PUNCT a DET US PROPN gallon NOUN is AUX about ADV 3.79 NUM litres NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 UK det 2 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 6 gallon compound 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 imperial punct 4 imperial imperial ADJ Degree=Pos 6 gallon amod 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 4 imperial punct 6 gallon gallon NOUN Number=Sing 10 litres nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 litres cop 8 about about ADV _ 9 4.55 advmod 9 4.55 4.55 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 litres nummod 10 litres litre NOUN Number=Plur root root 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 18 litres punct 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 gallon det 13 US US PROPN Number=Sing 14 gallon compound 14 gallon gallon NOUN Number=Sing 18 litres nsubj 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 litres cop 16 about about ADV _ 17 3.79 advmod 17 3.79 3.79 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 18 litres nummod 18 litres litre NOUN Number=Plur 10 litres conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 10 litres punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present UK imperial gallon 4.55 litres and 3.79 litres tree rules 2 is a present a US gallon 3.79 litres tree rules
Meaning 2 Usage: informal, plural — kept apart, not parsed.
A very large amount, as in «gallons of tea».
det advmod amod punct case case punct appos case nmod punct punct root A DET very ADV large ADJ amount NOUN , PUNCT as ADP in ADP « PUNCT gallons NOUN of ADP tea NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 amount det 2 very very ADV _ 3 large advmod 3 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 4 amount amod 4 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 gallons punct 6 as as ADP _ 9 gallons case 7 in in ADP _ 9 gallons case 8 « « PUNCT _ 9 gallons punct 9 gallons gallon NOUN Number=Plur 4 amount appos 10 of of ADP _ 11 tea case 11 tea tea NOUN Number=Sing 9 gallons nmod 12 » » PUNCT _ 9 gallons punct 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 amount punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 We bought a gallon of milk at the store.
nsubj det obj case nmod case det obl punct root We PRON bought VERB a DET gallon NOUN of ADP milk NOUN at ADP the DET store NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 bought nsubj 2 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 gallon det 4 gallon gallon NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 milk case 6 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 4 gallon nmod 7 at at ADP _ 9 store case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 store det 9 store store NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past We a gallon of milk the store vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent gallon=Theme at store=Asset
Example 2 One gallon is 8 pints.
nummod nsubj cop nummod punct root One NUM gallon NOUN is AUX 8 NUM pints NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 gallon nummod 2 gallon gallon NOUN Number=Sing 5 pints nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 pints cop 4 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 pints nummod 5 pints pint NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 pints punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present One gallon 8 pints tree rules
Example 3 The car does 40 miles per gallon.
det nsubj nummod obj case nmod punct root The DET car NOUN does VERB 40 NUM miles NOUN per ADP gallon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 car det 2 car car NOUN Number=Sing 3 does nsubj 3 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 40 40 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 miles nummod 5 miles mile NOUN Number=Plur 3 does obj 6 per per ADP _ 7 gallon case 7 gallon gallon NOUN Number=Sing 5 miles nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 does punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present the car 40 miles per gallon vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mile=Eventuality
Example 4 A bath holds about 20 gallons of water.
det nsubj advmod nummod obj case nmod punct root A DET bath NOUN holds VERB about ADV 20 NUM gallons NOUN of ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bath det 2 bath bath NOUN Number=Sing 3 holds nsubj 3 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 about about ADV _ 5 20 advmod 5 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 gallons nummod 6 gallons gallon NOUN Number=Plur 3 holds obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 water case 8 water water NOUN Number=Sing 6 gallons nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 holds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present a bath 20 gallons of water vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gallon=Theme
Example 5 If 1 gallon is 8 pints, then 3 gallons is 24 pints.
mark nummod nsubj cop nummod punct advmod nummod nsubj cop nummod conj punct root If SCONJ 1 NUM gallon NOUN is AUX 8 NUM pints NOUN , PUNCT then ADV 3 NUM gallons NOUN is AUX 24 NUM pints NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 6 pints mark 2 1 1 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 gallon nummod 3 gallon gallon NOUN Number=Sing 6 pints nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 pints cop 5 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 pints nummod 6 pints pint NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 13 pints punct 8 then then ADV PronType=Dem 13 pints advmod 9 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 gallons nummod 10 gallons gallon NOUN Number=Plur 13 pints nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 pints cop 12 24 24 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 13 pints nummod 13 pints pint NOUN Number=Plur 6 pints conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 pints punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present 1 gallon 8 pints and 24 pints tree rules 2 is a present 3 gallons 24 pints then tree rules
Example 6 He drank gallons of lemonade at the party.
nsubj obj case nmod case det obl punct root He PRON drank VERB gallons NOUN of ADP lemonade NOUN at ADP the DET party NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 drank nsubj 2 drank drink VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 gallons gallon NOUN Number=Plur 2 drank obj 4 of of ADP _ 5 lemonade case 5 lemonade lemonade NOUN Number=Sing 3 gallons nmod 6 at at ADP _ 8 party case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 party det 8 party party NOUN Number=Sing 2 drank obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 drank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drink past He gallons of lemonade the party vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gallon=Patient
Example 7 The fish tank holds ten gallons.
det compound nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET fish NOUN tank NOUN holds VERB ten NUM gallons NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 tank det 2 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 3 tank compound 3 tank tank NOUN Number=Sing 4 holds nsubj 4 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 gallons nummod 6 gallons gallon NOUN Number=Plur 4 holds obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 holds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present the fish tank ten gallons vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gallon=Theme
Example 8 There were about a hundred gallons of oil in this caldron, and the fire was burning beneath it.
The tree, 18 words expl advmod det nummod nsubj case nmod case det nmod punct cc det nsubj aux advcl case obl punct root There PRON were VERB about ADV a DET hundred NUM gallons NOUN of ADP oil NOUN in ADP this DET caldron NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET fire NOUN was AUX burning VERB beneath ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 were expl 2 were be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADV _ 5 hundred advmod 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 hundred det 5 hundred hundred NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 gallons nummod 6 gallons gallon NOUN Number=Plur 2 were nsubj 7 of of ADP _ 8 oil case 8 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 6 gallons nmod 9 in in ADP _ 11 caldron case 10 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 11 caldron det 11 caldron caldron NOUN Number=Sing 8 oil nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 17 burning punct 13 and and CCONJ _ 17 burning cc 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 fire det 15 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 17 burning nsubj 16 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 17 burning aux 17 burning burn VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 were advcl 18 beneath beneath ADP _ 19 it case 19 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 burning obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 2 were punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be about past hundred gallons of oil in this caldron there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 burn past · progressive the fire caldron vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath it=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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