gaul Who acts: Gaul, Celtic peoples, Julius, Gauls, one village, Caesar · What happens: be, live, conquer, hold out, divide, write · To what, where: old name, France today, person, Gaul, Celtic people, Asterix stories
«gaul» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gaul in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.
Gaul was the old name for a large area of western Europe in Roman times, mostly where France and Belgium are today.
The tree, 22 words nsubj cop det amod case det amod nmod case amod nmod case amod nmod punct advmod advmod compound cc conj cop nmod punct root Gaul PROPN was AUX the DET old ADJ name NOUN for ADP a DET large ADJ area NOUN of ADP western ADJ Europe PROPN in ADP Roman ADJ times NOUN , PUNCT mostly ADV where ADV France PROPN and CCONJ Belgium PROPN are AUX today NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gaul Gaul PROPN Number=Sing 5 name nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 name cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 name det 4 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 5 name amod 5 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 for for ADP _ 9 area case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 area det 8 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 9 area amod 9 area area NOUN Number=Sing 5 name nmod 10 of of ADP _ 12 Europe case 11 western western ADJ Degree=Pos 12 Europe amod 12 Europe Europe PROPN Number=Sing 9 area nmod 13 in in ADP _ 15 times case 14 Roman roman ADJ Degree=Pos 15 times amod 15 times time NOUN Number=Plur 5 name nmod 16 , , PUNCT _ 23 today punct 17 mostly mostly ADV _ 23 today advmod 18 where where ADV PronType=Rel 23 today advmod 19 France France PROPN Number=Sing 23 today compound 20 and and CCONJ _ 21 Belgium cc 21 Belgium Belgium PROPN Number=Sing 19 France conj 22 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 today cop 23 today today NOUN Number=Sing 15 times nmod 24 . . PUNCT _ 5 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Gaul the old name time for a large area of western Europe tree rules 2 is a present France today mostly property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A Gaul was a person from Gaul, one of the Celtic peoples who lived there.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det case nmod punct appos case det amod nmod nsubj acl:relcl advmod punct root A DET Gaul PROPN was AUX a DET person NOUN from ADP Gaul PROPN , PUNCT one NUM of ADP the DET Celtic ADJ peoples NOUN who PRON lived VERB there ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 Gaul det 2 Gaul Gaul PROPN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 from from ADP _ 7 Gaul case 7 Gaul Gaul PROPN Number=Sing 5 person nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 one punct 9 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 person appos 10 of of ADP _ 13 peoples case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 peoples det 12 Celtic celtic ADJ Degree=Pos 13 peoples amod 13 peoples people NOUN Number=Plur 9 one nmod 14 who who PRON PronType=Rel 15 lived nsubj 15 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 peoples acl:relcl 16 there there ADV PronType=Dem 15 lived advmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past a Gaul a person Gaul tree rules 2 live past the Celtic peoples there vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Julius Caesar conquered Gaul.
nsubj flat obj punct root Julius PROPN Caesar PROPN conquered VERB Gaul PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Julius Julius PROPN Number=Sing 3 conquered nsubj 2 Caesar Caesar PROPN Number=Sing 1 Julius flat 3 conquered conquer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 Gaul Gaul PROPN Number=Sing 3 conquered obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 conquered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 conquer past Julius Gaul vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gaul=Patient
Example 2 The Gauls were Celtic people.
det nsubj cop amod punct root The DET Gauls PROPN were AUX Celtic ADJ people NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Gauls det 2 Gauls Gaul PROPN Number=Plur 5 people nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 people cop 4 Celtic celtic ADJ Degree=Pos 5 people amod 5 people people NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 people punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the Gauls Celtic people tree rules
Example 3 In the Asterix stories, one village of Gauls holds out against Rome.
case det compound obl punct nummod nsubj case nmod compound:prt case obl punct root In ADP the DET Asterix PROPN stories NOUN , PUNCT one NUM village NOUN of ADP Gauls PROPN holds VERB out ADP against ADP Rome PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 stories case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 stories det 3 Asterix Asterix PROPN Number=Sing 4 stories compound 4 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 10 holds obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 village punct 6 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 village nummod 7 village village NOUN Number=Sing 10 holds nsubj 8 of of ADP _ 9 Gauls case 9 Gauls Gaul PROPN Number=Plur 7 village nmod 10 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 out out ADP _ 10 holds compound:prt 12 against against ADP _ 13 Rome case 13 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 10 holds obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 10 holds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold out present one village of Gauls the Asterix stories against Rome vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in story=Location
Example 4 Gaul was divided into three parts, Caesar wrote.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case nummod obl punct nsubj conj punct root Gaul PROPN was AUX divided VERB into ADP three NUM parts NOUN , PUNCT Caesar PROPN wrote VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gaul Gaul PROPN Number=Sing 3 divided nsubj:pass 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 divided aux:pass 3 divided divide VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 into into ADP _ 6 parts case 5 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 parts nummod 6 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 3 divided obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 wrote punct 8 Caesar Caesar PROPN Number=Sing 9 wrote nsubj 9 wrote write VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 divided conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 divided punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 divide past · passive Gaul three parts vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 write past Caesar vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 France was once part of Gaul.
nsubj cop advmod case nmod punct root France PROPN was AUX once ADV part NOUN of ADP Gaul PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 France France PROPN Number=Sing 4 part nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 part cop 3 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 4 part advmod 4 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 Gaul case 6 Gaul Gaul PROPN Number=Sing 4 part nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past France part of Gaul; once property tree rules
Example 6 The Gauls fought bravely against the Roman army.
det nsubj advmod case det amod obl punct root The DET Gauls PROPN fought VERB bravely ADV against ADP the DET Roman ADJ army NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Gauls det 2 Gauls Gaul PROPN Number=Plur 3 fought nsubj 3 fought fight VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 bravely bravely ADV _ 3 fought advmod 5 against against ADP _ 8 army case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 army det 7 Roman roman ADJ Degree=Pos 8 army amod 8 army army NOUN Number=Sing 3 fought obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 fought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fight past the Gauls against the Roman army; bravely property vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 We drew a map of Roman Gaul.
nsubj det obj case amod nmod punct root We PRON drew VERB a DET map NOUN of ADP Roman ADJ Gaul PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 drew nsubj 2 drew draw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 map det 4 map map NOUN Number=Sing 2 drew obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 Gaul case 6 Roman roman ADJ Degree=Pos 7 Gaul amod 7 Gaul Gaul PROPN Number=Sing 4 map nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 drew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw past We a map of Roman Gaul vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent map=Theme
Example 8 A Gaulish warrior wore a helmet and a cloak.
det amod nsubj det obj cc det conj punct root A DET Gaulish ADJ warrior NOUN wore VERB a DET helmet NOUN and CCONJ a DET cloak NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 warrior det 2 Gaulish gaulish ADJ Degree=Pos 3 warrior amod 3 warrior warrior NOUN Number=Sing 4 wore nsubj 4 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 helmet det 6 helmet helmet NOUN Number=Sing 4 wore obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 cloak cc 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 cloak det 9 cloak cloak NOUN Number=Sing 6 helmet conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past a Gaulish warrior a helmet and a cloak vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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