glean Who acts: I, Ruth, farmers, We, detective, poor · What happens: collect, glean, gather, leave, finish, tell · To what, where: information bit, few facts, leaflet, grain, Bible, field · Speech: someone speaks here
«glean» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: glean in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To collect information bit by bit, often with effort: «I gleaned a few facts from the leaflet.».
The tree, 17 words mark compound obj case obl punct advmod case parataxis punct punct nsubj acl:relcl det amod obj case det obl punct punct punct root To PART collect VERB information NOUN bit NOUN by ADP bit NOUN , PUNCT often ADV with ADP effort NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT I PRON gleaned VERB a DET few ADJ facts NOUN from ADP the DET leaflet NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 collect mark 2 collect collect VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 information information NOUN Number=Sing 4 bit compound 4 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing 2 collect obj 5 by by ADP _ 6 bit case 6 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing 2 collect obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 effort punct 8 often often ADV _ 10 effort advmod 9 with with ADP _ 10 effort case 10 effort effort NOUN Number=Sing 2 collect parataxis 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 gleaned punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 14 gleaned punct 13 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 14 gleaned nsubj 14 gleaned glean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 effort acl:relcl 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 facts det 16 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 17 facts amod 17 facts fact NOUN Number=Plur 14 gleaned obj 18 from from ADP _ 20 leaflet case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 leaflet det 20 leaflet leaflet NOUN Number=Sing 14 gleaned obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 10 effort punct 22 » » PUNCT _ 10 effort punct 23 . . PUNCT _ 2 collect punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 collect to-infinitive information bit by bit vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Theme 2 glean in a quote past I a few facts the leaflet vn learn-14-2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent fact=Topic from leaflet=Source
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: old farming, Bible — kept apart, not parsed.
To gather the grain left in a field after the harvesters have finished; in the Bible, Ruth gleaned in Boaz's field, and farmers were told to leave the edges for the poor.
The tree, 33 words mark det obj acl case det obl mark det nsubj:pass aux advcl punct case det obl punct nsubj acl:relcl case nmod:poss case obl punct cc nsubj:pass aux:pass conj mark xcomp det obj case det obl punct root To PART gather VERB the DET grain NOUN left VERB in ADP a DET field NOUN after SCONJ the DET harvesters NOUN have AUX finished VERB ; PUNCT in ADP the DET Bible PROPN , PUNCT Ruth PROPN gleaned VERB in ADP Boaz PROPN 's PART field NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ farmers NOUN were AUX told VERB to PART leave VERB the DET edges NOUN for ADP the DET poor ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 gather mark 2 gather gather VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 grain det 4 grain grain NOUN Number=Sing 2 gather obj 5 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 grain acl 6 in in ADP _ 8 field case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 field det 8 field field NOUN Number=Sing 5 left obl 9 after after SCONJ _ 13 finished mark 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 harvesters det 11 harvesters harvester NOUN Number=Plur 13 finished nsubj:pass 12 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 finished aux 13 finished finish VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 left advcl 14 ; ; PUNCT _ 17 Bible punct 15 in in ADP _ 17 Bible case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 Bible det 17 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 2 gather obl 18 , , PUNCT _ 20 gleaned punct 19 Ruth Ruth PROPN Number=Sing 20 gleaned nsubj 20 gleaned glean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 17 Bible acl:relcl 21 in in ADP _ 24 field case 22 Boaz Boaz PROPN Number=Sing 24 field nmod:poss 23 's 's PART _ 22 Boaz case 24 field field NOUN Number=Sing 20 gleaned obl 25 , , PUNCT _ 29 told punct 26 and and CCONJ _ 29 told cc 27 farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 29 told nsubj:pass 28 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 29 told aux:pass 29 told tell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 20 gleaned conj 30 to to PART _ 31 leave mark 31 leave leave VERB VerbForm=Inf 29 told xcomp 32 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 33 edges det 33 edges edge NOUN Number=Plur 31 leave obj 34 for for ADP _ 36 poor case 35 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 36 poor det 36 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 31 leave obl 37 . . PUNCT _ 2 gather punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 gather to-infinitive the grain the Bible vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grain=Theme 2 leave participle the grain not said here in a field result vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in field=Result 3 finish present · perfect · passive the harvesters vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality 4 glean past Ruth the Bible not said here Boaz's field vn learn-14-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bible=Topic 5 tell speech: assert past · passive farmers vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic 6 leave not said to happen to-infinitive farmers not said here the edges for the poor vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent edge=Theme for poor=Recipient
Example 1 We gleaned some facts about owls from the book.
nsubj det obj case nmod case det obl punct root We PRON gleaned VERB some DET facts NOUN about ADP owls NOUN from ADP the DET book NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 gleaned nsubj 2 gleaned glean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 some some DET PronType=Ind 4 facts det 4 facts fact NOUN Number=Plur 2 gleaned obj 5 about about ADP _ 6 owls case 6 owls owl NOUN Number=Plur 4 facts nmod 7 from from ADP _ 9 book case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 book det 9 book book NOUN Number=Sing 2 gleaned obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 gleaned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 glean past We some facts the book about owls vn learn-14-2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent fact=Topic from book=Source
Example 2 Ruth gleaned barley in the field of Boaz.
nsubj obj case det obl case nmod punct root Ruth PROPN gleaned VERB barley NOUN in ADP the DET field NOUN of ADP Boaz PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ruth Ruth PROPN Number=Sing 2 gleaned nsubj 2 gleaned glean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 barley barley NOUN Number=Sing 2 gleaned obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 field case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 field det 6 field field NOUN Number=Sing 2 gleaned obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 Boaz case 8 Boaz Boaz PROPN Number=Sing 6 field nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 gleaned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 glean past Ruth barley the field of Boaz vn learn-14-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent barley=Topic
Example 3 The detective gleaned clues from the muddy footprints.
det nsubj obj case det amod obl punct root The DET detective NOUN gleaned VERB clues NOUN from ADP the DET muddy ADJ footprints NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 detective det 2 detective detective NOUN Number=Sing 3 gleaned nsubj 3 gleaned glean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 clues clue NOUN Number=Plur 3 gleaned obj 5 from from ADP _ 8 footprints case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 footprints det 7 muddy muddy ADJ Degree=Pos 8 footprints amod 8 footprints footprint NOUN Number=Plur 3 gleaned obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 gleaned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 glean past the detective clues the muddy footprints vn learn-14-2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent clue=Topic from footprint=Source
Example 4 Farmers left grain at the edges so the poor could glean.
nsubj obj case det obl mark det nsubj aux advcl punct root Farmers NOUN left VERB grain NOUN at ADP the DET edges NOUN so SCONJ the DET poor ADJ could AUX glean VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 2 left nsubj 2 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 grain grain NOUN Number=Sing 2 left obj 4 at at ADP _ 6 edges case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 edges det 6 edges edge NOUN Number=Plur 2 left obl 7 so so SCONJ _ 11 glean mark 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 poor det 9 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 11 glean nsubj 10 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 glean aux 11 glean glean VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 left advcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past Farmers grain the edges vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent grain=Theme at edge=Location 2 glean could the poor vn learn-14-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Example 5 What can you glean from this graph?
obj aux nsubj case det obl punct root What PRON can AUX you PRON glean VERB from ADP this DET graph NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 4 glean obj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 glean aux 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 glean nsubj 4 glean glean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 from from ADP _ 7 graph case 6 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 graph det 7 graph graph NOUN Number=Sing 4 glean obl 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 glean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 glean can you this graph vn learn-14-2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent what=Topic from graph=Source
Example 6 I couldn't glean much from his short answer.
nsubj aux advmod advmod case nmod:poss amod obl punct root I PRON could AUX n't PART glean VERB much ADV from ADP his PRON short ADJ answer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 glean nsubj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 glean aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 glean advmod 4 glean glean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 much much ADV _ 4 glean advmod 6 from from ADP _ 9 answer case 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 answer nmod:poss 8 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 9 answer amod 9 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 4 glean obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 glean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not glean could I his short answer vn learn-14-2 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from answer=Source 2 answer his = he nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 In a second volume, published in the following year, he added other stories gleaned from various minor manuscript collections of great rarity.
The tree, 22 words case det amod obl punct acl case det amod obl punct nsubj amod nsubj ccomp case amod amod amod obl case amod nmod punct root In ADP a DET second ADJ volume NOUN , PUNCT published VERB in ADP the DET following VERB year NOUN , PUNCT he PRON added VERB other ADJ stories NOUN gleaned VERB from ADP various ADJ minor ADJ manuscript ADJ collections NOUN of ADP great ADJ rarity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 volume case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 volume det 3 second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 4 volume amod 4 volume volume NOUN Number=Sing 13 added obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 published punct 6 published publish VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 volume acl 7 in in ADP _ 10 year case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 year det 9 following follow VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 year amod 10 year year NOUN Number=Sing 6 published obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 4 volume punct 12 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 added nsubj 13 added add VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 14 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 15 stories amod 15 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 16 gleaned nsubj 16 gleaned glean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 added ccomp 17 from from ADP _ 21 collections case 18 various various ADJ Degree=Pos 21 collections amod 19 minor minor ADJ Degree=Pos 21 collections amod 20 manuscript manuscript ADJ Degree=Pos 21 collections amod 21 collections collection NOUN Number=Plur 16 gleaned obl 22 of of ADP _ 24 rarity case 23 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 24 rarity amod 24 rarity rarity NOUN Number=Sing 21 collections nmod 25 . . PUNCT _ 13 added punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 publish participle a second volume not said here year vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 follow gerund vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 add speech: assert past he a second volume vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 4 glean past other stories various minor manuscript collections of great rarity vn learn-14-2 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from collection=Source
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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