gosh Who acts: emphasis, I, you, she, that, he · What happens: exclaim, use, add, be, forget, grow · To what, where: surprise, emphasis, homework, you, present, hard test · Speech: someone speaks here
«gosh» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gosh in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: mild — kept apart, not parsed.
an exclamation of surprise, shock or delight, a soft stand-in for «God».
The tree, 13 words det case nmod punct conj cc conj punct det amod compound punct appos case punct nmod punct punct root an DET exclamation NOUN of ADP surprise NOUN , PUNCT shock NOUN or CCONJ delight NOUN , PUNCT a DET soft ADJ stand NOUN - PUNCT in NOUN for ADP « PUNCT God PROPN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 exclamation det 2 exclamation exclamation NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 4 surprise case 4 surprise surprise NOUN Number=Sing 2 exclamation nmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 shock punct 6 shock shock NOUN Number=Sing 2 exclamation conj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 delight cc 8 delight delight NOUN Number=Sing 6 shock conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 in punct 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 in det 11 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 14 in amod 12 stand stand NOUN Number=Sing 14 in compound 13 - - PUNCT _ 12 stand punct 14 in in NOUN Number=Sing 2 exclamation appos 15 for for ADP _ 17 God case 16 « « PUNCT _ 17 God punct 17 God God PROPN Number=Sing 14 in nmod 18 » » PUNCT _ 14 in punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 exclamation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 exclaim surprise nom exclamation «communication transitive»: of=patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 used to add emphasis: «Gosh, it's hot».
mark advcl obj punct punct discourse punct nsubj cop appos punct punct root used VERB to PART add VERB emphasis NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Gosh INTJ , PUNCT it PRON 's AUX hot ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 to to PART _ 3 add mark 3 add add VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 used advcl 4 emphasis emphasis NOUN Number=Sing 3 add obj 5 : : PUNCT _ 11 hot punct 6 « « PUNCT _ 11 hot punct 7 Gosh gosh INTJ _ 11 hot discourse 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 Gosh punct 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 hot nsubj 10 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 hot cop 11 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 4 emphasis appos 12 » » PUNCT _ 11 hot punct 13 . . PUNCT _ 1 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 add speech: assert to-infinitive emphasis vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent emphasis=Patient 3 is in a quote present emphasis hot property tree rules
Example 1 Gosh, what a big dog!
discourse punct det amod nsubj punct root Gosh INTJ , PUNCT what PRON a DET big ADJ dog NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gosh gosh INTJ _ 3 what discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Gosh punct 3 what what PRON PronType=Int root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 dog det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 6 dog amod 6 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 3 what nsubj 7 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 what punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 Oh my gosh, I forgot my homework!
discourse nmod:poss discourse punct nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root Oh INTJ my PRON gosh INTJ , PUNCT I PRON forgot VERB my PRON homework NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oh oh INTJ _ 3 gosh discourse 2 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 gosh nmod:poss 3 gosh gosh INTJ _ 6 forgot discourse 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 gosh punct 5 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 forgot nsubj 6 forgot forget VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 homework nmod:poss 8 homework homework NOUN Number=Sing 6 forgot obj 9 ! ! PUNCT _ 6 forgot punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 forget past I my homework tree rules
Example 3 Gosh, you've grown so tall.
discourse punct nsubj aux advmod xcomp punct root Gosh INTJ , PUNCT you PRON 've AUX grown VERB so ADV tall ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gosh gosh INTJ _ 5 grown discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Gosh punct 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 grown nsubj 4 've have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 grown aux 5 grown grow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 6 so so ADV _ 7 tall advmod 7 tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos 5 grown xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 grown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present · perfect you tall property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 "Gosh, thank you!" she said when she opened the present.
The tree, 10 words punct discourse punct obj punct punct nsubj conj advmod nsubj ccomp det obj punct root " PUNCT Gosh INTJ , PUNCT thank VERB you PRON ! PUNCT " PUNCT she PRON said VERB when ADV she PRON opened VERB the DET present NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 thank punct 2 Gosh gosh INTJ _ 4 thank discourse 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Gosh punct 4 thank thank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 thank obj 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 thank punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 4 thank punct 8 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 said nsubj 9 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 thank conj 10 when when ADV PronType=Int 12 opened advmod 11 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 opened nsubj 12 opened open VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 said ccomp 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 present det 14 present present NOUN Number=Sing 12 opened obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 thank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thank speech: thank in a quote present you vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme 2 say speech: express past she vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 open past she the present vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location present=Theme
Example 5 Gosh, that was a hard test.
discourse punct nsubj cop det amod punct root Gosh INTJ , PUNCT that PRON was AUX a DET hard ADJ test NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gosh gosh INTJ _ 7 test discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Gosh punct 3 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 test nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 test cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 test det 6 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 7 test amod 7 test test NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 test punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past that a hard test tree rules
Example 6 By gosh, he's done it!
case discourse punct nsubj aux obj punct root By ADP gosh INTJ , PUNCT he PRON 's AUX done VERB it PRON ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 By by ADP _ 2 gosh case 2 gosh gosh INTJ _ 6 done discourse 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 gosh punct 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 done nsubj 5 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 done aux 6 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 done obj 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 6 done punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present · passive he it vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
Example 7 Gosh, it's freezing today.
discourse punct nsubj aux obl:unmarked punct root Gosh INTJ , PUNCT it PRON 's AUX freezing VERB today NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gosh gosh INTJ _ 5 freezing discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Gosh punct 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 freezing nsubj 4 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 freezing aux 5 freezing freeze VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 today today NOUN Number=Sing 5 freezing obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 freezing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 freeze present · progressive it today vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 8 People say "gosh" instead of a stronger word.
nsubj punct obj punct case fixed det amod obl punct root People NOUN say VERB " PUNCT gosh INTJ " PUNCT instead ADV of ADP a DET stronger ADJ word NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 2 say nsubj 2 say say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 " " PUNCT _ 4 gosh punct 4 gosh gosh INTJ _ 2 say obj 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 gosh punct 6 instead instead ADV ExtPos=ADP 10 word case 7 of of ADP _ 6 instead fixed 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 word det 9 stronger strong ADJ Degree=Cmp 10 word amod 10 word word NOUN Number=Sing 4 gosh obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present People vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent gosh=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous gorynext → goshawk↑ back to G in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/gosh/