govern Who acts: it, rules, you, your, prime minister, Gravity · What happens: govern, be, decide, happen, control, temper · To what, where: something, game, feelings, temper, country, town · Speech: someone speaks here
«govern» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: govern in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To govern is to rule a country, state or group officially.
mark csubj cop mark det obj punct conj cc conj advmod punct root To PART govern VERB is AUX to PART rule VERB a DET country NOUN , PUNCT state NOUN or CCONJ group NOUN officially ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 govern mark 2 govern govern VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 rule csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 rule cop 4 to to PART _ 5 rule mark 5 rule rule VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 country det 7 country country NOUN Number=Sing 5 rule obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 state punct 9 state state NOUN Number=Sing 7 country conj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 group cc 11 group group NOUN Number=Sing 9 state conj 12 officially officially ADV _ 5 rule advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 rule punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 govern to-infinitive vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent 2 is present officially, rule property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To govern something is to control or decide how it happens: rules govern the game.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl obj cop mark cc conj advmod nsubj ccomp punct nsubj conj det obj punct root To PART govern VERB something PRON is AUX to PART control VERB or CCONJ decide VERB how ADV it PRON happens VERB : PUNCT rules NOUN govern VERB the DET game NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 govern mark 2 govern govern VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 control advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 govern obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 control cop 5 to to PART _ 6 control mark 6 control control VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 decide cc 8 decide decide VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 control conj 9 how how ADV PronType=Int 11 happens advmod 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 happens nsubj 11 happens happen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 decide ccomp 12 : : PUNCT _ 14 govern punct 13 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 14 govern nsubj 14 govern govern VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 control conj 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 game det 16 game game NOUN Number=Sing 14 govern obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 control punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 govern to-infinitive something vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent something=Theme 2 is present control property tree rules 3 decide infinitive vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 4 happen present it vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 5 govern present rules the game vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent game=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
To control your feelings: govern your temper.
mark advcl nmod:poss obj punct nmod:poss obj punct root To PART control VERB your PRON feelings NOUN : PUNCT govern VERB your PRON temper NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 control mark 2 control control VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 govern advcl 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 feelings nmod:poss 4 feelings feeling NOUN Number=Plur 2 control obj 5 : : PUNCT _ 6 govern punct 6 govern govern VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 temper nmod:poss 8 temper temper NOUN Number=Sing 6 govern obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 govern punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 control to-infinitive you not said here your feelings vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feeling=Theme 2 govern imperative you not said here your temper vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent temper=Theme 3 temper your nom temper «feeling transitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 The prime minister and parliament govern the country.
det amod nsubj cc conj det obj punct root The DET prime ADJ minister NOUN and CCONJ parliament NOUN govern VERB the DET country NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 minister det 2 prime prime ADJ Degree=Pos 3 minister amod 3 minister minister NOUN Number=Sing 6 govern nsubj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 parliament cc 5 parliament parliament NOUN Number=Sing 3 minister conj 6 govern govern VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 country det 8 country country NOUN Number=Sing 6 govern obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 govern punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 govern present the prime minister and parliament the country vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent country=Theme
Example 2 Rules govern how the game is played.
nsubj advmod det nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct root Rules NOUN govern VERB how ADV the DET game NOUN is AUX played VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 2 govern nsubj 2 govern govern VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 how how ADV PronType=Int 7 played advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 game det 5 game game NOUN Number=Sing 7 played nsubj:pass 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 played aux:pass 7 played play VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 govern advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 govern punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 govern present Rules vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent 2 play present · passive the game vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 3 Gravity governs how planets move.
nsubj advmod nsubj advcl punct root Gravity NOUN governs VERB how ADV planets NOUN move VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 2 governs nsubj 2 governs govern VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 how how ADV PronType=Int 5 move advmod 4 planets planet NOUN Number=Plur 5 move nsubj 5 move move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 governs advcl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 governs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 govern present Gravity vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent 2 move present planets vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 Try to govern your temper.
mark xcomp nmod:poss obj punct root Try VERB to PART govern VERB your PRON temper NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Try try VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 to to PART _ 3 govern mark 3 govern govern VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Try xcomp 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 temper nmod:poss 5 temper temper NOUN Number=Sing 3 govern obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Try punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 try imperative you not said here vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 govern not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here your temper vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent temper=Theme 3 temper your nom temper «feeling transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 The queen governed for many years.
det nsubj case amod obl punct root The DET queen NOUN governed VERB for ADP many ADJ years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 queen det 2 queen queen NOUN Number=Sing 3 governed nsubj 3 governed govern VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 for for ADP _ 6 years case 5 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 6 years amod 6 years year NOUN Number=Plur 3 governed obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 governed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 govern past the queen year vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent
Example 6 A council governs our town.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root A DET council NOUN governs VERB our PRON town NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 council det 2 council council NOUN Number=Sing 3 governs nsubj 3 governs govern VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 town nmod:poss 5 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 governs obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 governs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 govern present a council our town vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent town=Theme
Example 7 The Frogs were tired of governing themselves.
det nsubj cop mark advcl obj punct root The DET Frogs NOUN were AUX tired ADJ of SCONJ governing VERB themselves PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Frogs det 2 Frogs frog NOUN Number=Plur 4 tired nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 tired cop 4 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 of of SCONJ _ 6 governing mark 6 governing govern VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 tired advcl 7 themselves themselves PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 6 governing obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 tired punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the Frogs tired property tree rules 2 govern gerund the Frogs not said here Frogs = frog vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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