grassland Who acts: Grassland, Grasslands, Zebras, prairies, Sheep, Kangaroos · What happens: be, cover, find, live, graze, get · To what, where: large area, land, type, many continents, grasslands, huge grasslands
«grassland» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: grassland in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Grassland is a large area of land covered mostly with grass and few trees.
The tree, 14 words nsubj cop det amod case nmod acl advmod case obl cc amod conj punct root Grassland NOUN is AUX a DET large ADJ area NOUN of ADP land NOUN covered VERB mostly ADV with ADP grass NOUN and CCONJ few ADJ trees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grassland grassland NOUN Number=Sing 5 area nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 area cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 area det 4 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 5 area amod 5 area area NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 land case 7 land land NOUN Number=Sing 5 area nmod 8 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 land acl 9 mostly mostly ADV _ 8 covered advmod 10 with with ADP _ 11 grass case 11 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 8 covered obl 12 and and CCONJ _ 14 trees cc 13 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 14 trees amod 14 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 11 grass conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 area punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Grassland a large area of land tree rules 2 cover participle land not said here with grass and few trees; mostly property vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with grass=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Grasslands are a type of habitat (biome) found on many continents, such as prairies, savannas and steppes.
The tree, 17 words nsubj cop det case nmod punct appos punct acl case amod obl punct case fixed conj punct conj cc conj punct root Grasslands NOUN are AUX a DET type NOUN of ADP habitat NOUN ( PUNCT biome NOUN ) PUNCT found VERB on ADP many ADJ continents NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP prairies NOUN , PUNCT savannas NOUN and CCONJ steppes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grasslands grassland NOUN Number=Plur 4 type nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 type cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 type det 4 type type NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 habitat case 6 habitat habitat NOUN Number=Sing 4 type nmod 7 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 biome punct 8 biome biome NOUN Number=Sing 4 type appos 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 biome punct 10 found find VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 type acl 11 on on ADP _ 13 continents case 12 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 13 continents amod 13 continents continent NOUN Number=Plur 10 found obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 prairies punct 15 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 17 prairies case 16 as as ADP _ 15 such fixed 17 prairies prairie NOUN Number=Plur 13 continents conj 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 savannas punct 19 savannas savanna NOUN Number=Plur 13 continents conj 20 and and CCONJ _ 21 steppes cc 21 steppes steppe NOUN Number=Plur 13 continents conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 4 type punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Grasslands a type of habitat tree rules 2 find participle a type not said here many continents and prairies and savannas and steppes vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Zebras and lions live on the grasslands of Africa.
nsubj cc conj case det obl case nmod punct root Zebras NOUN and CCONJ lions NOUN live VERB on ADP the DET grasslands NOUN of ADP Africa PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Zebras zebra NOUN Number=Plur 4 live nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 lions cc 3 lions lion NOUN Number=Plur 1 Zebras conj 4 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 grasslands case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 grasslands det 7 grasslands grassland NOUN Number=Plur 4 live obl 8 of of ADP _ 9 Africa case 9 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 7 grasslands nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Zebras and lions the grasslands of Africa vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on grassland=Location
Example 2 The prairies of Canada and the USA are huge grasslands.
det nsubj case nmod cc det conj cop amod punct root The DET prairies NOUN of ADP Canada PROPN and CCONJ the DET USA PROPN are AUX huge ADJ grasslands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 prairies det 2 prairies prairie NOUN Number=Plur 10 grasslands nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 Canada case 4 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 2 prairies nmod 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 USA cc 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 USA det 7 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 4 Canada conj 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 grasslands cop 9 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 10 grasslands amod 10 grasslands grassland NOUN Number=Plur root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 grasslands punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the prairies of Canada and the USA huge grasslands tree rules
Example 3 Sheep graze on the grassland.
nsubj case det obl punct root Sheep NOUN graze VERB on ADP the DET grassland NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sheep sheep NOUN Number=Plur 2 graze nsubj 2 graze graze VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 5 grassland case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 grassland det 5 grassland grassland NOUN Number=Sing 2 graze obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 graze punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 graze present Sheep on the grassland vn dine-39.5 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent on grassland=Patient
Example 4 Grasslands get too little rain for big forests.
nsubj advmod amod obj case amod obl punct root Grasslands NOUN get VERB too ADV little ADJ rain NOUN for ADP big ADJ forests NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grasslands grassland NOUN Number=Plur 2 get nsubj 2 get get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 too too ADV _ 4 little advmod 4 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 5 rain amod 5 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 2 get obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 forests case 7 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 8 forests amod 8 forests forest NOUN Number=Plur 2 get obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 get punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get present Grasslands little rain for big forests vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent rain=Theme for forest=Source
Example 5 Kangaroos hop across the dry Australian grassland.
nsubj case det amod amod obl punct root Kangaroos NOUN hop VERB across ADP the DET dry ADJ Australian ADJ grassland NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kangaroos kangaroo NOUN Number=Plur 2 hop nsubj 2 hop hop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 across across ADP _ 7 grassland case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 grassland det 5 dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos 7 grassland amod 6 Australian Australian ADJ Degree=Pos 7 grassland amod 7 grassland grassland NOUN Number=Sing 2 hop obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 hop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hop present Kangaroos the dry Australian grassland vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across grassland=Trajectory
Example 6 Many grasslands have been turned into farms.
amod nsubj:pass aux aux:pass case obl punct root Many ADJ grasslands NOUN have AUX been AUX turned VERB into ADP farms NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 2 grasslands amod 2 grasslands grassland NOUN Number=Plur 5 turned nsubj:pass 3 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 turned aux 4 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 turned aux:pass 5 turned turn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 into into ADP _ 7 farms case 7 farms farm NOUN Number=Plur 5 turned obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn present · perfect · passive Many grasslands farms vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme into farm=Trajectory
Example 7 Fires help grassland stay healthy by clearing old growth.
nsubj obj xcomp xcomp mark advcl amod obj punct root Fires NOUN help VERB grassland NOUN stay VERB healthy ADJ by SCONJ clearing VERB old ADJ growth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fires fire NOUN Number=Plur 2 help nsubj 2 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 grassland grassland NOUN Number=Sing 2 help obj 4 stay stay VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 help xcomp 5 healthy healthy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 stay xcomp 6 by by SCONJ _ 7 clearing mark 7 clearing clear VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 stay advcl 8 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 9 growth amod 9 growth growth NOUN Number=Sing 7 clearing obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Fires grassland vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent grassland=Beneficiary clause=Theme 2 stay infinitive grassland not said here healthy property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 clear gerund grassland not said here old growth vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent growth=Source
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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