grasshopper Who acts: grasshopper, that, frog, mouse, We, grasshoppers · What happens: be, jump, do, have, hear, chirp · To what, where: green insect, 25 inches, 15 inches, 9 inches, grasshopper jump, 6 legs
«grasshopper» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: grasshopper in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A grasshopper is a green or brown insect with strong back legs that jumps far.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det amod cc conj case amod compound nmod nsubj parataxis advmod punct root A DET grasshopper NOUN is AUX a DET green ADJ or CCONJ brown ADJ insect NOUN with ADP strong ADJ back NOUN legs NOUN that PRON jumps VERB far ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 grasshopper det 2 grasshopper grasshopper NOUN Number=Sing 8 insect nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 insect cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 insect det 5 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 8 insect amod 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 brown cc 7 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 5 green conj 8 insect insect NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 with with ADP _ 12 legs case 10 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 12 legs amod 11 back back NOUN Number=Sing 12 legs compound 12 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 8 insect nmod 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 jumps nsubj 14 jumps jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 insect parataxis 15 far far ADV Degree=Pos 14 jumps advmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 8 insect punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a grasshopper a green insect with strong back legs tree rules 2 jump present that far property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The grasshopper jumped 25 inches.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET grasshopper NOUN jumped VERB 25 NUM inches NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 grasshopper det 2 grasshopper grasshopper NOUN Number=Sing 3 jumped nsubj 3 jumped jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 25 25 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 inches nummod 5 inches inch NOUN Number=Plur 3 jumped obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 jumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump past the grasshopper 25 inches vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme inch=Trajectory
Example 2 The frog jumped 15 inches farther than the grasshopper.
det nsubj nummod obj advmod case det obl punct root The DET frog NOUN jumped VERB 15 NUM inches NOUN farther ADV than ADP the DET grasshopper NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 frog det 2 frog frog NOUN Number=Sing 3 jumped nsubj 3 jumped jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 inches nummod 5 inches inch NOUN Number=Plur 3 jumped obj 6 farther far ADV Degree=Cmp 3 jumped advmod 7 than than ADP _ 9 grasshopper case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 grasshopper det 9 grasshopper grasshopper NOUN Number=Sing 6 farther obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 jumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump past the frog 15 inches far property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme inch=Trajectory
Example 3 The mouse jumped 9 inches less than the frog.
det nsubj nummod obj obl case det obl punct root The DET mouse NOUN jumped VERB 9 NUM inches NOUN less ADJ than ADP the DET frog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 mouse det 2 mouse mouse NOUN Number=Sing 3 jumped nsubj 3 jumped jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 9 9 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 inches nummod 5 inches inch NOUN Number=Plur 3 jumped obj 6 less less ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 jumped obl 7 than than ADP _ 9 frog case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 frog det 9 frog frog NOUN Number=Sing 6 less obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 jumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump past the mouse 9 inches less obl vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme inch=Trajectory
Example 4 How much farther did the grasshopper jump than the mouse?
advmod amod advmod det compound obj case det nmod punct root How ADV much ADJ farther ADV did VERB the DET grasshopper NOUN jump NOUN than ADP the DET mouse NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 much advmod 2 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 3 farther amod 3 farther far ADV Degree=Cmp 4 did advmod 4 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 jump det 6 grasshopper grasshopper NOUN Number=Sing 7 jump compound 7 jump jump NOUN Number=Sing 4 did obj 8 than than ADP _ 10 mouse case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 mouse det 10 mouse mouse NOUN Number=Sing 7 jump nmod 11 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past the grasshopper jump than the mouse; far property vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jump=Eventuality
Example 5 A grasshopper has 6 legs.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root A DET grasshopper NOUN has VERB 6 NUM legs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 grasshopper det 2 grasshopper grasshopper NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 legs nummod 5 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a grasshopper 6 legs vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
Example 6 We heard grasshoppers chirping in the long grass.
nsubj obj acl case det amod obl punct root We PRON heard VERB grasshoppers NOUN chirping VERB in ADP the DET long ADJ grass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 grasshoppers grasshopper NOUN Number=Plur 2 heard obj 4 chirping chirp VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 grasshoppers acl 5 in in ADP _ 8 grass case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 grass det 7 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 8 grass amod 8 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 4 chirping obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past We grasshoppers vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer grasshopper=Stimulus 2 chirp gerund grasshoppers not said here the long grass vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 The grasshopper jumped onto a leaf.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET grasshopper NOUN jumped VERB onto ADP a DET leaf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 grasshopper det 2 grasshopper grasshopper NOUN Number=Sing 3 jumped nsubj 3 jumped jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 onto onto ADP _ 6 leaf case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 leaf det 6 leaf leaf NOUN Number=Sing 3 jumped obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 jumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump past the grasshopper a leaf vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme onto leaf=Trajectory
Example 8 Birds and frogs eat grasshoppers.
nsubj cc conj obj punct root Birds NOUN and CCONJ frogs NOUN eat VERB grasshoppers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 4 eat nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 frogs cc 3 frogs frog NOUN Number=Plur 1 Birds conj 4 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 grasshoppers grasshopper NOUN Number=Plur 4 eat obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present Birds and frogs grasshoppers vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grasshopper=Patient
Example 9 A Grasshopper sat chirping in the branches of a tree.
det nsubj xcomp case det obl case det nmod punct root A DET Grasshopper NOUN sat VERB chirping VERB in ADP the DET branches NOUN of ADP a DET tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 Grasshopper det 2 Grasshopper grasshopper NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat nsubj 3 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 chirping chirp VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 sat xcomp 5 in in ADP _ 7 branches case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 branches det 7 branches branch NOUN Number=Plur 4 chirping obl 8 of of ADP _ 10 tree case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 tree det 10 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 7 branches nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past a Grasshopper tree rules 2 chirp gerund a Grasshopper not said here the branches of a tree vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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