grave

Who acts: We, grave, you, doctor, Playing, Taking · What happens: bury, mark, worry, look, not smile, put · To what, where: place, flowers, grave, stone, name, graveyard

«grave» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: grave in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A place in the ground where a dead person is buried, often marked with a stone.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 place	det
2	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 buried	nsubj:pass
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 ground	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 ground	det
5	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 place	nmod
6	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	11 buried	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 person	det
8	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 person	amod
9	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 buried	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 buried	aux:pass
11	buried	bury	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 marked	punct
13	often	often	ADV	_	14 marked	advmod
14	marked	mark	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 buried	conj
15	with	with	ADP	_	17 stone	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 stone	det
17	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 marked	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 buried	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bury	present · passive		a place in the ground					vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	mark	participle						with a stone; often property	vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with stone=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

Very serious and worrying: «a grave danger».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Very	very	ADV	_	2 serious	advmod
2	serious	serious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 worrying	cc
4	worrying	worry	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 serious	conj
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 danger	punct
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 danger	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 danger	det
8	grave	grave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 danger	amod
9	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 serious	appos
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 danger	punct
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 serious	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	worry	gerund							vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Meaning 3

Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

Looking serious and not smiling: «a grave face».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Looking	look	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 face	csubj
2	serious	serious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Looking	xcomp
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 smiling	cc
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 smiling	advmod
5	smiling	smile	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Looking	conj
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Looking	punct
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 face	punct
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 face	det
9	grave	grave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 face	amod
10	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 face	punct
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 face	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	gerund						serious property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	not smile	gerund							vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

We put flowers on Grandma's grave.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 put	nsubj
2	put	put	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	flowers	flower	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 put	obj
4	on	on	ADP	_	7 grave	case
5	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 grave	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Grandma	case
7	grave	grave	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	past	We	flowers		Grandma's grave			vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent flower=Theme on grave=Destination

Example 2

The grave had a stone with her name on it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 grave	det
2	grave	grave	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 stone	det
5	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 name	case
7	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 name	nmod:poss
8	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stone	nmod
9	on	on	ADP	_	10 it	case
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 name	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the grave	a stone				with grave's name on name	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Patient
2	name		grave			name			nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent on=place

Example 3

Walk quietly and respectfully in the graveyard.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Walk	walk	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	quietly	quietly	ADV	_	1 Walk	advmod
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 respectfully	cc
4	respectfully	respectfully	ADV	_	2 quietly	conj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 graveyard	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 graveyard	det
7	graveyard	graveyard	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Walk	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Walk	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	imperative	you not said here			the graveyard		quietly property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in graveyard=Trajectory

Example 4

The doctor looked grave as she gave the news.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 doctor	det
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 looked	nsubj
3	looked	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	grave	grave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 looked	xcomp
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 gave	mark
6	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 gave	nsubj
7	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 looked	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 news	det
9	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gave	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 looked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	past	the doctor					grave property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	give	past	doctor	the news					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent news=Theme

Example 5

Playing on the ice is a grave danger.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Playing	play	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 danger	csubj
2	on	on	ADP	_	4 ice	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 ice	det
4	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Playing	obl
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 danger	cop
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 danger	det
7	grave	grave	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 danger	compound
8	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 danger	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	play	gerund				the ice			vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	Playing	a grave danger					tree rules

Example 6

Taking the wrong road was a grave mistake.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Taking	take	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 mistake	csubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 road	det
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 road	amod
4	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Taking	obj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 mistake	cop
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 mistake	det
7	grave	grave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 mistake	amod
8	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 mistake	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	gerund		the wrong road					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Theme
2	is a	past	Taking	a grave mistake					tree rules

Example 7

"I'm going to my comrade's grave.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 going	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 going	nsubj
3	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 going	aux
4	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	9 grave	case
6	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 comrade	nmod:poss
7	comrade	comrade	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 grave	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 comrade	case
9	grave	grave	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 going	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 going	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go in a quote	present · progressive	I			my comrade's grave			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to grave=Initial_Location

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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