gravity Who acts: force, Earth, things, Gravity, ball, planets · What happens: pull, make, fall, give, fall back, be · To what, where: things, each, weight, Earth, ball, planets
«gravity» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gravity in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The force that pulls things towards each other, especially the pull of the Earth that makes things fall and gives them weight.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj nsubj obj case obl fixed punct advmod det obl case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj xcomp cc conj iobj obj punct root The DET force NOUN that PRON pulls VERB things NOUN towards ADP each DET other ADJ , PUNCT especially ADV the DET pull NOUN of ADP the DET Earth PROPN that PRON makes VERB things NOUN fall VERB and CCONJ gives VERB them PRON weight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 force det 2 force force NOUN Number=Sing 4 pulls nsubj 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 pulls nsubj 4 pulls pull VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 4 pulls obj 6 towards towards ADP _ 7 each case 7 each each DET ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp 4 pulls obl 8 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 7 each fixed 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 pull punct 10 especially especially ADV _ 12 pull advmod 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 pull det 12 pull pull NOUN Number=Sing 4 pulls obl 13 of of ADP _ 15 Earth case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 Earth det 15 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 12 pull nmod 16 that that PRON PronType=Rel 17 makes nsubj 17 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 Earth acl:relcl 18 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 17 makes obj 19 fall fall VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 makes xcomp 20 and and CCONJ _ 21 gives cc 21 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 makes conj 22 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 21 gives iobj 23 weight weight NOUN Number=Sing 21 gives obj 24 . . PUNCT _ 4 pulls punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pull present the force things each the pull of the Earth obl vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent thing=Theme towards each=Destination 2 make present the Earth things tree rules 3 fall infinitive things not said here vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 give present the Earth not said here weight things = thing vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient weight=Theme 5 pull the Earth nom pull «act transitive»: of=patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Seriousness: «the gravity of the situation» (formal).
punct punct det appos case det nmod punct punct amod punct punct root Seriousness NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET gravity NOUN of ADP the DET situation NOUN » PUNCT ( PUNCT formal ADJ ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Seriousness seriousness NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 : : PUNCT _ 5 gravity punct 3 « « PUNCT _ 5 gravity punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 gravity det 5 gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 1 Seriousness appos 6 of of ADP _ 8 situation case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 situation det 8 situation situation NOUN Number=Sing 5 gravity nmod 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 situation punct 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 formal punct 11 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 8 situation amod 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 formal punct 13 . . PUNCT _ 1 Seriousness punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 Gravity makes the ball fall back down.
nsubj det obj xcomp advmod advmod punct root Gravity NOUN makes VERB the DET ball NOUN fall VERB back ADV down ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 2 makes nsubj 2 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ball det 4 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 2 makes obj 5 fall fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 makes xcomp 6 back back ADV _ 7 down advmod 7 down down ADV _ 5 fall advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Gravity the ball tree rules 2 fall back present the ball not said here down property vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 The Moon's gravity is weaker than Earth's.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop case obl case punct root The DET Moon PROPN 's PART gravity NOUN is AUX weaker ADJ than ADP Earth PROPN 's PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Moon det 2 Moon Moon PROPN Number=Sing 4 gravity nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 Moon case 4 gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 6 weaker nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 weaker cop 6 weaker weak ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 7 than than ADP _ 8 Earth case 8 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 6 weaker obl 9 's 's PART _ 8 Earth case 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 weaker punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the Moon's gravity than Earth; weak property tree rules
Example 3 Gravity keeps the planets moving around the Sun.
nsubj det obj xcomp case det obl root Gravity NOUN keeps VERB the DET planets NOUN moving VERB around ADP the DET Sun. PROPN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 2 keeps nsubj 2 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 planets det 4 planets planet NOUN Number=Plur 2 keeps obj 5 moving move VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 keeps xcomp 6 around around ADP _ 8 Sun. case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Sun. det 8 Sun. Sunday PROPN Number=Sing 5 moving obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep present Gravity the planets tree rules 2 move gerund the planets not said here sunday vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 Without gravity we would float away.
case obl nsubj aux advmod punct root Without ADP gravity NOUN we PRON would AUX float VERB away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Without without ADP _ 2 gravity case 2 gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 5 float obl 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 float nsubj 4 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 float aux 5 float float VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 away away ADV _ 5 float advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 float punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 float away would we without gravity; away property vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Isaac Newton studied gravity.
nsubj flat obj punct root Isaac PROPN Newton PROPN studied VERB gravity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Isaac Isaac PROPN Number=Sing 3 studied nsubj 2 Newton Newton PROPN Number=Sing 1 Isaac flat 3 studied study VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 3 studied obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 studied punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 study past Isaac gravity vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gravity=Topic
Example 6 Water flows downhill because of gravity.
nsubj advmod case fixed obl punct root Water NOUN flows VERB downhill ADV because ADP of ADP gravity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 flows nsubj 2 flows flow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 downhill downhill ADV _ 2 flows advmod 4 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 6 gravity case 5 of of ADP _ 4 because fixed 6 gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 2 flows obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 flows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flow present Water because gravity; downhill property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Astronauts feel almost weightless in space.
nsubj advmod xcomp case obl punct root Astronauts NOUN feel VERB almost ADV weightless ADJ in ADP space NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Astronauts astronaut NOUN Number=Plur 2 feel nsubj 2 feel feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 almost almost ADV _ 4 weightless advmod 4 weightless weightless ADJ Degree=Pos 2 feel xcomp 5 in in ADP _ 6 space case 6 space space NOUN Number=Sing 4 weightless obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel present Astronauts weightless property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 8 A low centre of gravity helps you balance.
det amod nsubj case nmod obj xcomp punct root A DET low ADJ centre NOUN of ADP gravity NOUN helps VERB you PRON balance VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 centre det 2 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 3 centre amod 3 centre centre NOUN Number=Sing 6 helps nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 5 gravity case 5 gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 3 centre nmod 6 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 helps obj 8 balance balance VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 helps xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present a low centre of gravity you vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary clause=Theme 2 balance infinitive you not said here vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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