gravy

Who acts: Gravy, you, Grandma, I, Dad, We · What happens: be, make, cook, thicken, pour, serve · To what, where: hot brown sauce, juices, meat, white creamy sauce, southern USA, gravy · Speech: someone speaks here

«gravy» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gravy in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Gravy is a hot brown sauce made from the juices of cooked meat, often thickened with flour, poured over meat, potatoes and other food.

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gravy	gravy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sauce	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 sauce	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 sauce	det
4	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sauce	amod
5	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sauce	amod
6	sauce	sauce	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 sauce	acl
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 juices	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 juices	det
10	juices	juice	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 made	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 meat	case
12	cooked	cook	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 meat	amod
13	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 juices	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 thickened	punct
15	often	often	ADV	_	16 thickened	advmod
16	thickened	thicken	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 sauce	parataxis
17	with	with	ADP	_	18 flour	case
18	flour	flour	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 thickened	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 poured	punct
20	poured	pour	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 thickened	conj
21	over	over	ADP	_	22 meat	case
22	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 poured	obl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 potatoes	punct
24	potatoes	potato	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 meat	conj
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 food	cc
26	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 food	amod
27	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 meat	conj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 sauce	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Gravy	a hot brown sauce			tree rules
2	make	participle		a hot brown sauce not said here	the juices of cooked meat		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from juice=Material
3	cook	participle					vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	thicken	participle				with flour; often property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with flour=Instrument
5	pour	participle			meat and potatoes and other food		vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over meat=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

In the southern USA, gravy can also be a white creamy sauce served with biscuits.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 USA	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 USA	det
3	southern	southern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 USA	amod
4	USA	USA	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 sauce	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 USA	punct
6	gravy	gravy	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 sauce	nsubj
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 sauce	aux
8	also	also	ADV	_	13 sauce	advmod
9	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 sauce	cop
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 sauce	det
11	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sauce	amod
12	creamy	creamy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sauce	amod
13	sauce	sauce	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
14	served	serve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 sauce	acl
15	with	with	ADP	_	16 biscuits	case
16	biscuits	biscuit	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 served	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 sauce	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	can	gravy	a white creamy sauce		the southern USA			tree rules
2	serve	participle		a white creamy sauce not said here				with biscuits	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent with biscuit=Theme

Example 1

Please pass the gravy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Please	please	INTJ	_	2 pass	discourse
2	pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 gravy	det
4	gravy	gravy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pass	obj
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 pass	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass	imperative	you not said here	the gravy					vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme gravy=Trajectory

Example 2

Grandma made gravy from the juices of the roast chicken.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 made	nsubj
2	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	gravy	gravy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 made	obj
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 juices	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 juices	det
6	juices	juice	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 made	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 chicken	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 chicken	det
9	roast	roast	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 chicken	compound
10	chicken	chicken	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 juices	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	Grandma	gravy		the juices of the roast chicken			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent gravy=Product from juice=Material

Example 3

I like mashed potatoes with lots of gravy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 like	nsubj
2	like	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	mashed	mash	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 potatoes	amod
4	potatoes	potato	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 like	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 lots	case
6	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 like	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 gravy	case
8	gravy	gravy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lots	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 like	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	like	present	I	mashed potatoes				with lots of gravy	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot potato=Theme
2	mash	participle							vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient

Example 4

The gravy was too thick, so Dad added some water.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 gravy	det
2	gravy	gravy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 thick	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 thick	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 thick	advmod
5	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 added	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	9 added	advmod
8	Dad	Dad	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 added	nsubj
9	added	add	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 thick	conj
10	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	11 water	det
11	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 added	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 thick	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the gravy					thick property	tree rules
2	add speech: assert	past	Dad	some water					vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient

Example 5

We put the gravy in a little jug called a gravy boat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 put	nsubj
2	put	put	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 gravy	det
4	gravy	gravy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 jug	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 jug	det
7	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 jug	amod
8	jug	jug	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obl
9	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 jug	acl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 boat	det
11	gravy	gravy	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 boat	compound
12	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 called	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	past	We	the gravy		a little jug			vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent gravy=Theme in jug=Destination
2	call	participle	a little jug not said here	a gravy boat					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent boat=Recipient

Example 6

Poutine is chips with cheese curds and gravy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Poutine	poutine	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 chips	compound
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 chips	cop
3	chips	chip	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 curds	case
5	cheese	cheese	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 curds	compound
6	curds	curd	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 chips	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 gravy	cc
8	gravy	gravy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 curds	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 chips	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		Poutine chips				with cheese curds and gravy	tree rules

Example 7

Be careful: hot gravy can burn your tongue.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	2 careful	cop
2	careful	careful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 burn	punct
4	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 gravy	amod
5	gravy	gravy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 burn	nsubj
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 burn	aux
7	burn	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 careful	advcl
8	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 tongue	nmod:poss
9	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 burn	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 careful	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	imperative	you not said here					careful property	tree rules
2	burn	can	hot gravy	your tongue					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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