grow Who acts: plants, plant, She, puppy, it, I · What happens: grow, be, help, come up, mean, increase · To what, where: plants, soil, number, 3 cm, 20 tomatoes, 4 kilograms
«grow» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: grow in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To grow is to get bigger or taller, like a child or a plant.
The tree, 14 words mark csubj cop mark xcomp cc conj punct case det obl cc det conj punct root To PART grow VERB is AUX to PART get VERB bigger ADJ or CCONJ taller ADJ , PUNCT like ADP a DET child NOUN or CCONJ a DET plant NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 grow mark 2 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 get csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 get cop 4 to to PART _ 5 get mark 5 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 get xcomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 taller cc 8 taller tall ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 bigger conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 child punct 10 like like ADP _ 12 child case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 child det 12 child child NOUN Number=Sing 5 get obl 13 or or CCONJ _ 15 plant cc 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 plant det 15 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 12 child conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 get punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow to-infinitive vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present like a child or a plant; big, get property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To grow plants is to plant them and help them come up from the soil.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl obj cop mark obj cc conj obj xcomp advmod case det obl punct root To PART grow VERB plants NOUN is AUX to PART plant VERB them PRON and CCONJ help VERB them PRON come VERB up ADV from ADP the DET soil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 grow mark 2 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 plant advcl 3 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 grow obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 plant cop 5 to to PART _ 6 plant mark 6 plant plant VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 plant obj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 help cc 9 help help VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 plant conj 10 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 help obj 11 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 help xcomp 12 up up ADV _ 11 come advmod 13 from from ADP _ 15 soil case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 soil det 15 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 11 come obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 plant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow to-infinitive plants vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location plant=Theme 2 is present plant property tree rules 3 help infinitive plants = plant vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme 4 come up infinitive plants = plant not said here the soil vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from soil=Initial_Location
Meaning 3 To grow can mean to increase in number or amount, like a town or savings.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl aux mark xcomp case obl cc conj punct case det obl cc conj punct root To PART grow VERB can AUX mean VERB to PART increase VERB in ADP number NOUN or CCONJ amount NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET town NOUN or CCONJ savings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 grow mark 2 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean advcl 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 increase mark 6 increase increase VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean xcomp 7 in in ADP _ 8 number case 8 number number NOUN Number=Sing 6 increase obl 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 amount cc 10 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing 8 number conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 town punct 12 like like ADP _ 14 town case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 town det 14 town town NOUN Number=Sing 6 increase obl 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 savings cc 16 savings savings NOUN Number=Ptan 14 town conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow to-infinitive vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 mean can vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 increase not said to happen to-infinitive number or amount like a town or savings vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
Meaning 4 To grow can mean to become, as in grow tired or grow dark.
The tree, 13 words mark advcl aux mark xcomp punct mark fixed ccomp xcomp cc conj xcomp punct root To PART grow VERB can AUX mean VERB to PART become VERB , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP grow VERB tired ADJ or CCONJ grow VERB dark ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 grow mark 2 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean advcl 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 become mark 6 become become VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean xcomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 grow punct 8 as as SCONJ _ 10 grow mark 9 in in ADP _ 8 as fixed 10 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 become ccomp 11 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos 10 grow xcomp 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 grow cc 13 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 grow conj 14 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 13 grow xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow to-infinitive vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 mean can vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 become not said to happen to-infinitive tree rules 4 grow infinitive tired property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 5 grow present dark property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 5 To grow up is to change from a child into an adult.
mark advcl compound:prt cop mark case det obl case det obl punct root To PART grow VERB up ADP is AUX to PART change VERB from ADP a DET child NOUN into ADP an DET adult NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 grow mark 2 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 change advcl 3 up up ADP _ 2 grow compound:prt 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 change cop 5 to to PART _ 6 change mark 6 change change VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 from from ADP _ 9 child case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 child det 9 child child NOUN Number=Sing 6 change obl 10 into into ADP _ 12 adult case 11 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 adult det 12 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 6 change obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow up to-infinitive vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present from a child; into a adult; change property tree rules
Example 1 The plant grows 3 cm each week.
det nsubj nummod obj det obl:unmarked punct root The DET plant NOUN grows VERB 3 NUM cm NOUN each DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plant det 2 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 3 grows nsubj 3 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 cm nummod 5 cm cm NOUN Number=Plur 3 grows obj 6 each each DET PronType=Tot 7 week det 7 week week NOUN Number=Sing 3 grows obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 grows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present the plant 3 cm week vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cm=Theme
Example 2 She grew 20 tomatoes.
nsubj nummod obj punct root She PRON grew VERB 20 NUM tomatoes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 grew nsubj 2 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 tomatoes nummod 4 tomatoes tomato NOUN Number=Plur 2 grew obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past She 20 tomatoes vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tomato=Theme
Example 3 The puppy grew 4 kilograms.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET puppy NOUN grew VERB 4 NUM kilograms NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 puppy det 2 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing 3 grew nsubj 3 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 kilograms nummod 5 kilograms kilogram NOUN Number=Plur 3 grew obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past the puppy 4 kilograms vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location kilogram=Theme
Example 4 How tall will it grow in 5 weeks?
advmod advcl aux nsubj case nummod obl punct root How ADV tall ADJ will AUX it PRON grow VERB in ADP 5 NUM weeks NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 tall advmod 2 tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos 5 grow advcl 3 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 grow aux 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 grow nsubj 5 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 weeks case 7 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 weeks nummod 8 weeks week NOUN Number=Plur 5 grow obl 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow future it week vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 I want to be a vet when I grow up.
nsubj mark cop det xcomp advmod nsubj advcl compound:prt punct root I PRON want VERB to PART be AUX a DET vet NOUN when ADV I PRON grow VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 want nsubj 2 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 6 vet mark 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 vet cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 vet det 6 vet vet NOUN Number=Sing 2 want xcomp 7 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 grow advmod 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 grow nsubj 9 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 want advcl 10 up up ADP _ 9 grow compound:prt 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 want punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present I vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 2 is a not said to happen to-infinitive I not said here a vet tree rules 3 grow up present I vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 It grew dark, so we went inside.
nsubj xcomp punct advmod nsubj conj advmod punct root It PRON grew VERB dark ADJ , PUNCT so ADV we PRON went VERB inside ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 grew nsubj 2 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 2 grew xcomp 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 went punct 5 so so ADV _ 7 went advmod 6 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 went nsubj 7 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 grew conj 8 inside inside ADV _ 7 went advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past It dark property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 go past we inside property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 The beanstalk grew taller than the house.
det nsubj xcomp case det obl punct root The DET beanstalk NOUN grew VERB taller ADJ than ADP the DET house NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 beanstalk det 2 beanstalk beanstalk NOUN Number=Sing 3 grew nsubj 3 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 taller tall ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 grew xcomp 5 than than ADP _ 7 house case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 house det 7 house house NOUN Number=Sing 4 taller obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past the beanstalk tall property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 My little brother grew out of his shoes.
nmod:poss amod nsubj case case nmod:poss obl punct root My PRON little ADJ brother NOUN grew VERB out ADP of ADP his PRON shoes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 brother nmod:poss 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 brother amod 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 4 grew nsubj 4 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 out out ADP _ 8 shoes case 6 of of ADP _ 8 shoes case 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 shoes nmod:poss 8 shoes shoe NOUN Number=Plur 4 grew obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow out past My little brother brother's shoes vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location shoe=Theme
Example 9 All children, except one, grow up.
det nsubj punct case appos punct compound:prt punct root All DET children NOUN , PUNCT except ADP one NUM , PUNCT grow VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 2 children det 2 children child NOUN Number=Plur 7 grow nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 one punct 4 except except ADP _ 5 one case 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 children appos 6 , , PUNCT _ 2 children punct 7 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 up up ADP _ 7 grow compound:prt 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow up present all children vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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