grovel
Who acts: dog, He, you · What happens: lie, crawl, show, beg, act, win · To what, where: ground, fear, favour, feet, grovelling
«grovel» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: grovel in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
To lie or crawl low on the ground, especially to show fear or respect.
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 lie | mark |
| 2 | lie | lie | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 4 crawl | cc |
| 4 | crawl | crawl | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 lie | conj |
| 5 | low | low | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 crawl | advmod |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 ground | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 ground | det |
| 8 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 crawl | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 show | punct |
| 10 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 12 show | advmod |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 show | mark |
| 12 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 lie | parataxis |
| 13 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 show | obj |
| 14 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 15 respect | cc |
| 15 | respect | respect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 fear | conj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 lie | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | to-infinitive | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | crawl | infinitive | the ground | low property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on ground=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | show | to-infinitive | fear or respect | especially property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent fear=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2
To beg or act very humbly to win favour.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 beg | mark |
| 2 | beg | beg | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 4 act | cc |
| 4 | act | act | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 beg | conj |
| 5 | very | very | ADV | _ | 6 humbly | advmod |
| 6 | humbly | humbly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 act | xcomp |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 win | mark |
| 8 | win | win | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 humbly | xcomp |
| 9 | favour | favour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 win | obj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 beg | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | beg speech: request | to-infinitive | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V PP.Topic»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | act | infinitive | humbly property | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | win | to-infinitive | favour | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent favour=Eventuality |
Example 1
The dog grovelled at his master's feet.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 dog | det |
| 2 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 grovelled | nsubj |
| 3 | grovelled | grovell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 8 feet | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 master | nmod:poss |
| 6 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 feet | nmod:poss |
| 7 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 6 master | case |
| 8 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 grovelled | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 grovelled | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grovell | past | the dog | dog's master's feet | tree rules |
Example 2
He grovelled before the king for pardon.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 grovelled | nsubj |
| 2 | grovelled | grovell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | before | before | ADP | _ | 5 king | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 king | det |
| 5 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 grovelled | obl |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 pardon | case |
| 7 | pardon | pardon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 grovelled | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 grovelled | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grovell | past | He | before the king | for pardon | tree rules |
Example 3
Stop grovelling and stand up straight!
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Stop | stop | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | grovelling | grovelling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Stop | obj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 stand | cc |
| 4 | stand | stand | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Stop | conj |
| 5 | up | up | ADP | _ | 4 stand | compound:prt |
| 6 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 4 stand | advmod |
| 7 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 1 Stop | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stop | imperative | you not said here | grovelling | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality grovelling=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | stand up | infinitive | you not said here | straight property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/grovel/