gypsy Who acts: ancestors, many Romani people, many, Toad, Romani people, we · What happens: come, travel, live, move, buy, paint · To what, where: India, Europe, houses, travelling life, caravan, bright yellow gipsy caravan · Speech: someone speaks here
«gypsy» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gypsy in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An old name for a person of the Romani people (Roma), whose ancestors came from India long ago and travelled through Europe; many Romani people still travel, many live in houses.
The tree, 31 words det amod case det nmod case det compound nmod punct appos punct punct nmod:poss nsubj acl:relcl case obl advmod advmod cc conj case obl punct amod amod nsubj advmod parataxis punct nsubj conj case obl punct root An DET old ADJ name NOUN for ADP a DET person NOUN of ADP the DET Romani PROPN people NOUN ( PUNCT Roma PROPN ) PUNCT , PUNCT whose PRON ancestors NOUN came VERB from ADP India PROPN long ADV ago ADV and CCONJ travelled VERB through ADP Europe PROPN ; PUNCT many ADJ Romani ADJ people NOUN still ADV travel VERB , PUNCT many ADJ live VERB in ADP houses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 name det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 name amod 3 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 for for ADP _ 6 person case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 person det 6 person person NOUN Number=Sing 3 name nmod 7 of of ADP _ 10 people case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 people det 9 Romani Romani PROPN Number=Sing 10 people compound 10 people people NOUN Number=Plur 6 person nmod 11 ( ( PUNCT _ 12 Roma punct 12 Roma Roma PROPN Number=Sing 10 people appos 13 ) ) PUNCT _ 12 Roma punct 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 came punct 15 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 16 ancestors nmod:poss 16 ancestors ancestor NOUN Number=Plur 17 came nsubj 17 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 Roma acl:relcl 18 from from ADP _ 19 India case 19 India India PROPN Number=Sing 17 came obl 20 long long ADV Degree=Pos 21 ago advmod 21 ago ago ADV _ 17 came advmod 22 and and CCONJ _ 23 travelled cc 23 travelled travel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 17 came conj 24 through through ADP _ 25 Europe case 25 Europe Europe PROPN Number=Sing 23 travelled obl 26 ; ; PUNCT _ 31 travel punct 27 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 29 people amod 28 Romani romani ADJ Degree=Pos 29 people amod 29 people people NOUN Number=Plur 31 travel nsubj 30 still still ADV _ 31 travel advmod 31 travel travel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 name parataxis 32 , , PUNCT _ 34 live punct 33 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 34 live nsubj 34 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 31 travel conj 35 in in ADP _ 36 houses case 36 houses house NOUN Number=Plur 34 live obl 37 . . PUNCT _ 3 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past ancestors India ago property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from india=Initial_Location 2 travel past ancestors not said here Europe vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through europe=Trajectory 3 travel present many Romani people still vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 live present many houses vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in house=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: in old books — kept apart, not parsed.
anyone who lives a travelling life, moving in a caravan from place to place.
The tree, 14 words nsubj acl:relcl det compound obj punct advcl case det obl case obl case nmod punct root anyone PRON who PRON lives VERB a DET travelling NOUN life NOUN , PUNCT moving VERB in ADP a DET caravan NOUN from ADP place NOUN to ADP place NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 anyone anyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 2 who who PRON PronType=Rel 3 lives nsubj 3 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 anyone acl:relcl 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 life det 5 travelling travelling NOUN Number=Sing 6 life compound 6 life life NOUN Number=Sing 3 lives obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 moving punct 8 moving move VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 lives advcl 9 in in ADP _ 11 caravan case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 caravan det 11 caravan caravan NOUN Number=Sing 8 moving obl 12 from from ADP _ 13 place case 13 place place NOUN Number=Sing 8 moving obl 14 to to ADP _ 15 place case 15 place place NOUN Number=Sing 13 place nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 1 anyone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present a travelling life vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme life=Location 2 move gerund a caravan from place to place vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme in caravan=Source from place=Trajectory
Meaning 3 Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.
of a travelling kind: a gypsy caravan.
case det amod punct det amod nmod punct root of ADP a DET travelling VERB kind NOUN : PUNCT a DET gypsy ADJ caravan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 of of ADP _ 4 kind case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 kind det 3 travelling travel VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 kind amod 4 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 : : PUNCT _ 8 caravan punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 caravan det 7 gypsy gypsy ADJ Degree=Pos 8 caravan amod 8 caravan caravan NOUN Number=Sing 4 kind nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 kind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 travel gerund vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Toad bought a bright yellow gipsy caravan.
nsubj det amod amod compound obj punct root Toad PROPN bought VERB a DET bright ADJ yellow ADJ gipsy NOUN caravan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Toad Toad PROPN Number=Sing 2 bought nsubj 2 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 caravan det 4 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 7 caravan amod 5 yellow yellow ADJ Degree=Pos 7 caravan amod 6 gipsy gipsy NOUN Number=Sing 7 caravan compound 7 caravan caravan NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past Toad a bright yellow gipsy caravan vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent caravan=Theme
Example 2 The old gypsy caravans were painted red and gold.
det amod amod nsubj:pass aux:pass xcomp cc conj punct root The DET old ADJ gypsy ADJ caravans NOUN were AUX painted VERB red ADJ and CCONJ gold NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 caravans det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 caravans amod 3 gypsy gypsy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 caravans amod 4 caravans caravan NOUN Number=Plur 6 painted nsubj:pass 5 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 painted aux:pass 6 painted paint VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 6 painted xcomp 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 gold cc 9 gold gold NOUN Number=Sing 7 red conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 painted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 paint past · passive the old gypsy caravans red property vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination
Example 3 Toad sold the barge-woman's horse to a gipsy.
nsubj det compound punct nmod:poss case obj case det obl punct root Toad PROPN sold VERB the DET barge NOUN - PUNCT woman NOUN 's PART horse NOUN to ADP a DET gipsy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Toad Toad PROPN Number=Sing 2 sold nsubj 2 sold sell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 woman det 4 barge barge NOUN Number=Sing 6 woman compound 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 barge punct 6 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing 8 horse nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 woman case 8 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 2 sold obj 9 to to ADP _ 11 gipsy case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 gipsy det 11 gipsy gipsy NOUN Number=Sing 2 sold obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 sold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sell past Toad the barge woman's horse a gipsy vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent horse=Theme to gipsy=Recipient
Example 4 Romani people, once called gypsies, have their own language.
compound nsubj punct advmod acl xcomp punct nmod:poss amod obj punct root Romani NOUN people NOUN , PUNCT once ADV called VERB gypsies NOUN , PUNCT have VERB their PRON own ADJ language NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Romani romani NOUN Number=Sing 2 people compound 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 8 have nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 called punct 4 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 5 called advmod 5 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 people acl 6 gypsies gypsy NOUN Number=Plur 5 called xcomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 2 people punct 8 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 language nmod:poss 10 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 11 language amod 11 language language NOUN Number=Sing 8 have obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call participle Romani people not said here gypsies once property vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 have present Romani people people's own language vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient
Example 5 In history we learned how Roma people were treated in the war.
case obl nsubj advmod compound nsubj:pass aux:pass ccomp case det obl punct root In ADP history NOUN we PRON learned VERB how ADV Roma PROPN people NOUN were AUX treated VERB in ADP the DET war NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 history case 2 history history NOUN Number=Sing 4 learned obl 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 learned nsubj 4 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 how how ADV PronType=Int 9 treated advmod 6 Roma Roma PROPN Number=Sing 7 people compound 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 9 treated nsubj:pass 8 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 treated aux:pass 9 treated treat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 learned ccomp 10 in in ADP _ 12 war case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 war det 12 war war NOUN Number=Sing 9 treated obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past we history vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 treat past · passive Roma people the war vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 6 The story told of travelling folk who lived in caravans.
det nsubj mark advcl obj nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct root The DET story NOUN told VERB of SCONJ travelling VERB folk NOUN who PRON lived VERB in ADP caravans NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 story det 2 story story NOUN Number=Sing 3 told nsubj 3 told tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 of of SCONJ _ 5 travelling mark 5 travelling travel VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 told advcl 6 folk folk NOUN Number=Sing 5 travelling obj 7 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 lived nsubj 8 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 folk acl:relcl 9 in in ADP _ 10 caravans case 10 caravans caravan NOUN Number=Plur 8 lived obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 told punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert past the story vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 travel gerund the story not said here folk vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme folk=Trajectory 3 live past folk caravans vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in caravan=Location
Example 7 Some families in Ireland and Britain are Travellers.
det nsubj case nmod cc conj cop punct root Some DET families NOUN in ADP Ireland PROPN and CCONJ Britain PROPN are AUX Travellers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 families det 2 families family NOUN Number=Plur 8 Travellers nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 4 Ireland case 4 Ireland Ireland PROPN Number=Sing 2 families nmod 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 Britain cc 6 Britain Britain PROPN Number=Sing 4 Ireland conj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 Travellers cop 8 Travellers traveller NOUN Number=Plur root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 Travellers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present some families in Ireland and Britain Travellers tree rules
Example 8 He understood the gypsy woman's meaning now.
nsubj det amod nmod:poss case obj advmod punct root He PRON understood VERB the DET gypsy ADJ woman NOUN 's PART meaning NOUN now ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 understood nsubj 2 understood understand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 woman det 4 gypsy gypsy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 woman amod 5 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing 7 meaning nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 woman case 7 meaning meaning NOUN Number=Sing 2 understood obj 8 now now ADV PronType=Dem 2 understood advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 understood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand past He the gypsy woman's meaning now vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer meaning=Stimulus 2 mean the gypsy woman nom meaning «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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