haggling Who acts: Arguing, lot, some, he, Mum, two traders · What happens: argue, make, be, haggle, pay, hate · To what, where: price, market, markets, us
«haggling» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: haggling in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Arguing about the price of something to make it cheaper, especially at a market.
The tree, 14 words csubj case det obl case nmod mark obj xcomp punct advmod case det parataxis punct root Arguing VERB about ADP the DET price NOUN of ADP something PRON to PART make VERB it PRON cheaper ADJ , PUNCT especially ADV at ADP a DET market NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Arguing argue VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 make csubj 2 about about ADP _ 4 price case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 price det 4 price price NOUN Number=Sing 1 Arguing obl 5 of of ADP _ 6 something case 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 price nmod 7 to to PART _ 8 make mark 8 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 make obj 10 cheaper cheap ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 make xcomp 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 market punct 12 especially especially ADV _ 15 market advmod 13 at at ADP _ 15 market case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 market det 15 market market NOUN Number=Sing 8 make parataxis 16 . . PUNCT _ 8 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 argue speech: disagree gerund about the price of something vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent about price=Topic 2 make to-infinitive Arguing price cheap property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 There was a lot of haggling at the market.
expl det nsubj mark acl case det obl punct root There PRON was VERB a DET lot NOUN of SCONJ haggling VERB at ADP the DET market NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 was expl 2 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 lot det 4 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 2 was nsubj 5 of of SCONJ _ 6 haggling mark 6 haggling haggle VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 lot acl 7 at at ADP _ 9 market case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 market det 9 market market NOUN Number=Sing 6 haggling obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past a lot there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 haggle gerund a lot not said here the market vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 After some haggling, he paid less for the rug.
mark nsubj advcl punct nsubj advmod case det obl punct root After SCONJ some DET haggling VERB , PUNCT he PRON paid VERB less ADV for ADP the DET rug NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after SCONJ _ 3 haggling mark 2 some some DET PronType=Ind 3 haggling nsubj 3 haggling haggle VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 paid advcl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 haggling punct 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 paid nsubj 6 paid pay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 6 paid advmod 8 for for ADP _ 10 rug case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 rug det 10 rug rug NOUN Number=Sing 6 paid obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 paid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 haggle gerund some vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 pay past he for the rug; less property vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for rug=Theme
Example 3 Haggling is common in markets in many countries.
nsubj cop case obl case amod nmod punct root Haggling VERB is AUX common ADJ in ADP markets NOUN in ADP many ADJ countries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Haggling haggle VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 common nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 common cop 3 common common ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 markets case 5 markets market NOUN Number=Plur 3 common obl 6 in in ADP _ 8 countries case 7 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 8 countries amod 8 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 5 markets nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 common punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 haggle gerund vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present markets in many countries common property tree rules
Example 4 Mum hates haggling.
nsubj xcomp punct root Mum NOUN hates VERB haggling VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 hates nsubj 2 hates hate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 haggling haggle VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 hates xcomp 4 . . PUNCT _ 2 hates punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hate present Mum vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 2 haggle not said to happen gerund Mum not said here vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 The two traders were haggling over the price.
det nummod nsubj aux case det obl punct root The DET two NUM traders NOUN were AUX haggling VERB over ADP the DET price NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 traders det 2 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 traders nummod 3 traders trader NOUN Number=Plur 5 haggling nsubj 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 haggling aux 5 haggling haggle VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 over over ADP _ 8 price case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 price det 8 price price NOUN Number=Sing 5 haggling obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 haggling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 haggle past · progressive the two traders the price vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 Haggling saved us five pounds.
xcomp obj nummod nmod:unmarked punct root Haggling VERB saved VERB us PRON five NUM pounds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Haggling haggle VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 saved save VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Haggling xcomp 3 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 saved obj 4 five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 pounds nummod 5 pounds pound NOUN Number=Plur 3 us nmod:unmarked 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Haggling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 haggle gerund tree rules 2 save participle us vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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