handcuff Who acts: police, they, police officer, magician, police set, new rules · What happens: join, lock, put, limit, not act, handcuff · To what, where: Two metal rings, chain, handcuffs, someone, thief, robber
«handcuff» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: handcuff in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: noun, usually plural — kept apart, not parsed.
Two metal rings joined by a chain that police lock round a prisoner's wrists.
The tree, 15 words nummod compound acl case det obl obj nsubj acl:relcl case det nmod:poss case obl punct root Two NUM metal NOUN rings NOUN joined VERB by ADP a DET chain NOUN that PRON police NOUN lock VERB round ADP a DET prisoner NOUN 's PART wrists NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 rings nummod 2 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 3 rings compound 3 rings ring NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 joined join VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 rings acl 5 by by ADP _ 7 chain case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 chain det 7 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 4 joined obl 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 lock obj 9 police police NOUN Number=Plur 10 lock nsubj 10 lock lock VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 chain acl:relcl 11 round round ADP _ 15 wrists case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 prisoner det 13 prisoner prisoner NOUN Number=Sing 15 wrists nmod:poss 14 's 's PART _ 13 prisoner case 15 wrists wrist NOUN Number=Plur 10 lock obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 rings punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 join participle Two metal rings not said here by a chain vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient 2 lock present police a chain round a prisoner's wrists vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To put handcuffs on someone.
mark obj case obl punct root To PART put VERB handcuffs NOUN on ADP someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 put mark 2 put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 handcuffs handcuff NOUN Number=Plur 2 put obj 4 on on ADP _ 5 someone case 5 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 put obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put to-infinitive handcuffs someone vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent handcuff=Theme on someone=Destination
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
The police handcuffed the thief.
det nsubj det obj punct root The DET police NOUN handcuffed VERB the DET thief NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 police det 2 police police NOUN Number=Plur 3 handcuffed nsubj 3 handcuffed handcuff VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 thief det 5 thief thief NOUN Number=Sing 3 handcuffed obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 handcuffed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 handcuff past the police the thief vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thief=Patient
Meaning 3 Usage: verb, informal — kept apart, not parsed.
To limit someone so they cannot act freely.
mark obj mark nsubj aux advmod advcl advmod punct root To PART limit VERB someone PRON so SCONJ they PRON can AUX not PART act VERB freely ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 limit mark 2 limit limit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 limit obj 4 so so SCONJ _ 8 act mark 5 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 act nsubj 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 act aux 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 act advmod 8 act act VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 limit advcl 9 freely freely ADV _ 8 act advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 limit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 limit to-infinitive someone vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer someone=Patient 2 not act can they freely property vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The police officer handcuffed the robber.
det compound nsubj det obj punct root The DET police NOUN officer NOUN handcuffed VERB the DET robber NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 officer det 2 police police NOUN Number=Sing 3 officer compound 3 officer officer NOUN Number=Sing 4 handcuffed nsubj 4 handcuffed handcuff VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 robber det 6 robber robber NOUN Number=Sing 4 handcuffed obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 handcuffed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 handcuff past the police officer the robber vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent robber=Patient
Example 2 The thief was led away in handcuffs.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case obl punct root The DET thief NOUN was AUX led VERB away ADV in ADP handcuffs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 thief det 2 thief thief NOUN Number=Sing 4 led nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 led aux:pass 4 led lead VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 away away ADV _ 4 led advmod 6 in in ADP _ 7 handcuffs case 7 handcuffs handcuff NOUN Number=Plur 4 led obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 led punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lead away past · passive the thief handcuffs away property vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in handcuff=Destination
Example 3 The magician escaped from the handcuffs.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET magician NOUN escaped VERB from ADP the DET handcuffs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 magician det 2 magician magician NOUN Number=Sing 3 escaped nsubj 3 escaped escape VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 from from ADP _ 6 handcuffs case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 handcuffs det 6 handcuffs handcuff NOUN Number=Plur 3 escaped obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 escaped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 escape past the magician the handcuffs vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from handcuff=Initial_Location
Example 4 The toy police set came with plastic handcuffs.
det compound compound nsubj case amod obl punct root The DET toy NOUN police NOUN set NOUN came VERB with ADP plastic ADJ handcuffs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 set det 2 toy toy NOUN Number=Sing 3 police compound 3 police police NOUN Number=Sing 4 set compound 4 set set NOUN Number=Sing 5 came nsubj 5 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 with with ADP _ 8 handcuffs case 7 plastic plastic ADJ Degree=Pos 8 handcuffs amod 8 handcuffs handcuff NOUN Number=Plur 5 came obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past the police set with plastic handcuffs vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 The new rules handcuffed the team.
det amod nsubj det obj punct root The DET new ADJ rules NOUN handcuffed VERB the DET team NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 rules det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 rules amod 3 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 4 handcuffed nsubj 4 handcuffed handcuff VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 team det 6 team team NOUN Number=Sing 4 handcuffed obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 handcuffed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 handcuff past the new rules the team vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent team=Patient
Example 6 A pair of handcuffs has two cuffs.
det nsubj case nmod nummod obj punct root A DET pair NOUN of ADP handcuffs NOUN has VERB two NUM cuffs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pair det 2 pair pair NOUN Number=Sing 5 has nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 handcuffs case 4 handcuffs handcuff NOUN Number=Plur 2 pair nmod 5 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 cuffs nummod 7 cuffs cuff NOUN Number=Plur 5 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a pair of handcuffs two cuffs vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cuff=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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