hay Who acts: Hay, horse, Rabbits, Farmers, We, Hay fever · What happens: be, cut, dry, use, feed, eat · To what, where: long grass, animals, hay, fresh hay, hay bales, me · Speech: someone speaks here
«hay» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hay in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Hay is long grass that has been cut and dried, used to feed animals like horses, cows, rabbits and guinea pigs.
The tree, 21 words nsubj cop amod nsubj:pass aux aux:pass acl:relcl cc conj punct conj mark xcomp obj case obl punct conj punct conj cc compound conj punct root Hay NOUN is AUX long ADJ grass NOUN that PRON has AUX been AUX cut VERB and CCONJ dried VERB , PUNCT used VERB to PART feed VERB animals NOUN like ADP horses NOUN , PUNCT cows NOUN , PUNCT rabbits NOUN and CCONJ guinea NOUN pigs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 4 grass nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 grass cop 3 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 4 grass amod 4 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 cut nsubj:pass 6 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 cut aux 7 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 8 cut aux:pass 8 cut cut VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 grass acl:relcl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 dried cc 10 dried dry VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 cut conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 used punct 12 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 cut conj 13 to to PART _ 14 feed mark 14 feed feed VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 used xcomp 15 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 14 feed obj 16 like like ADP _ 17 horses case 17 horses horse NOUN Number=Plur 14 feed obl 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 cows punct 19 cows cow NOUN Number=Plur 17 horses conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 rabbits punct 21 rabbits rabbit NOUN Number=Plur 17 horses conj 22 and and CCONJ _ 24 pigs cc 23 guinea guinea NOUN Number=Sing 24 pigs compound 24 pigs pig NOUN Number=Plur 17 horses conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 4 grass punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Hay long grass tree rules 2 cut present · perfect · passive long grass vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product 3 dry participle vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 4 use participle vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 5 feed to-infinitive animals like horses and cows and rabbits and guinea pigs vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The horse is eating hay.
det nsubj aux obj punct root The DET horse NOUN is AUX eating VERB hay NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 horse det 2 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 4 eating nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 eating aux 4 eating eat VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 4 eating obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 eating punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present · progressive the horse hay vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hay=Patient
Example 2 Rabbits need fresh hay every day.
nsubj amod obj det obl:unmarked punct root Rabbits NOUN need VERB fresh ADJ hay NOUN every DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rabbits rabbit NOUN Number=Plur 2 need nsubj 2 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 4 hay amod 4 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 2 need obj 5 every every DET PronType=Tot 6 day det 6 day day NOUN Number=Sing 2 need obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present Rabbits fresh hay day vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot hay=Theme
Example 3 Farmers make hay in summer.
nsubj obj case obl punct root Farmers NOUN make VERB hay NOUN in ADP summer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 2 make nsubj 2 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 2 make obj 4 in in ADP _ 5 summer case 5 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 2 make obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Farmers hay summer vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hay=Product
Example 4 We sat on hay bales at the farm.
nsubj case compound obl case det obl punct root We PRON sat VERB on ADP hay NOUN bales NOUN at ADP the DET farm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sat nsubj 2 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 5 bales case 4 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 5 bales compound 5 bales bale NOUN Number=Plur 2 sat obl 6 at at ADP _ 8 farm case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 farm det 8 farm farm NOUN Number=Sing 2 sat obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past We hay bales at the farm vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on bale=Location
Example 5 Hay fever makes me sneeze in spring.
compound nsubj obj xcomp case obl punct root Hay NOUN fever NOUN makes VERB me PRON sneeze VERB in ADP spring NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 2 fever compound 2 fever fever NOUN Number=Sing 3 makes nsubj 3 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 makes obj 5 sneeze sneeze VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 makes xcomp 6 in in ADP _ 7 spring case 7 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 5 sneeze obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Hay fever me tree rules 2 sneeze infinitive me not said here spring vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 Finding my earring in the garden was like finding a needle in a haystack.
The tree, 14 words csubj nmod:poss obj case det obl aux mark det obj case det obl punct root Finding VERB my PRON earring NOUN in ADP the DET garden NOUN was AUX like SCONJ finding VERB a DET needle NOUN in ADP a DET haystack NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Finding find VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 finding csubj 2 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 earring nmod:poss 3 earring earring NOUN Number=Sing 1 Finding obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 garden case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 garden det 6 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 1 Finding obl 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 finding aux 8 like like SCONJ _ 9 finding mark 9 finding find VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 needle det 11 needle needle NOUN Number=Sing 9 finding obj 12 in in ADP _ 14 haystack case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 haystack det 14 haystack haystack NOUN Number=Sing 9 finding obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 9 finding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find gerund my earring the garden vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent earring=Topic 2 find past · progressive Finding a needle a haystack vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent needle=Topic
Example 7 The barn is full of hay.
det nsubj cop case obl punct root The DET barn NOUN is AUX full ADJ of ADP hay NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 barn det 2 barn barn NOUN Number=Sing 4 full nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 full cop 4 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 hay case 6 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 4 full obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the barn of hay; full property tree rules
Example 8 Make hay while the sun shines.
obj mark det nsubj advcl punct root Make VERB hay NOUN while SCONJ the DET sun NOUN shines VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 1 Make obj 3 while while SCONJ _ 6 shines mark 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sun det 5 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 6 shines nsubj 6 shines shine VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Make advcl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make imperative you not said here hay vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hay=Product 2 shine present the sun vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 9 Then the man filled the manger with hay.
advmod det nsubj det obj case nmod punct root Then ADV the DET man NOUN filled VERB the DET manger NOUN with ADP hay NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 4 filled advmod 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 man det 3 man man NOUN Number=Sing 4 filled nsubj 4 filled fill VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 manger det 6 manger manger NOUN Number=Sing 4 filled obj 7 with with ADP _ 8 hay case 8 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 6 manger nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 filled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fill past the man the manger then with hay vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent manger=Patient with hay=Instrument
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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