haymaking Who acts: haymaker, haymaking, whole village, you, sun, farmer · What happens: cut, dry, gather, feed, be, mean · To what, where: grass, sun, animals, big wild punch, such punches, haymaking
«haymaking» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: haymaking in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Cutting grass, drying it in the sun and gathering it as hay to feed animals in winter.
The tree, 17 words obj punct advcl obj case det obl cc conj obj case obl mark advcl obj case obl punct root Cutting VERB grass NOUN , PUNCT drying VERB it PRON in ADP the DET sun NOUN and CCONJ gathering VERB it PRON as ADP hay NOUN to PART feed VERB animals NOUN in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cutting cut VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 1 Cutting obj 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 drying punct 4 drying dry VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Cutting advcl 5 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 drying obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 sun case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sun det 8 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 4 drying obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 gathering cc 10 gathering gather VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Cutting conj 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 gathering obj 12 as as ADP _ 13 hay case 13 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 10 gathering obl 14 to to PART _ 15 feed mark 15 feed feed VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 gathering advcl 16 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 15 feed obj 17 in in ADP _ 18 winter case 18 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 15 feed obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 1 Cutting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut gerund grass vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset grass=Product 2 dry gerund grass the sun vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient it=Result 3 gather gerund grass as hay vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme 4 feed to-infinitive animals winter vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: sport, informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A haymaker is a big wild punch; haymaking can mean throwing such punches.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj cop det amod amod punct nsubj aux conj xcomp amod obj punct root A DET haymaker NOUN is AUX a DET big ADJ wild ADJ punch NOUN ; PUNCT haymaking NOUN can AUX mean VERB throwing VERB such ADJ punches NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 haymaker det 2 haymaker haymaker NOUN Number=Sing 7 punch nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 punch cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 punch det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 7 punch amod 6 wild wild ADJ Degree=Pos 7 punch amod 7 punch punch NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 mean punct 9 haymaking haymaking NOUN Number=Sing 11 mean nsubj 10 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 mean aux 11 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 punch conj 12 throwing throw VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 mean xcomp 13 such such ADJ Degree=Pos 14 punches amod 14 punches punch NOUN Number=Plur 12 throwing obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 punch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a haymaker a big wild punch tree rules 2 mean can haymaking vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 throw not said to happen gerund haymaking not said here such punches vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent punch=Theme
Example 1 Haymaking starts in early summer.
nsubj case amod obl punct root Haymaking NOUN starts VERB in ADP early ADJ summer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Haymaking haymaking NOUN Number=Sing 2 starts nsubj 2 starts start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 summer case 4 early early ADJ Degree=Pos 5 summer amod 5 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 2 starts obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 starts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 start present Haymaking summer vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 2 The whole village helped with the haymaking.
det amod nsubj case det obl punct root The DET whole ADJ village NOUN helped VERB with ADP the DET haymaking NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 village det 2 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 3 village amod 3 village village NOUN Number=Sing 4 helped nsubj 4 helped help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 with with ADP _ 7 haymaking case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 haymaking det 7 haymaking haymaking NOUN Number=Sing 4 helped obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 helped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help past the whole village with the haymaking vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with haymaking=Theme
Example 3 Haymaking needs a few dry sunny days.
nsubj det amod amod amod obj punct root Haymaking NOUN needs VERB a DET few ADJ dry ADJ sunny ADJ days NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Haymaking haymaking NOUN Number=Sing 2 needs nsubj 2 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 days det 4 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 7 days amod 5 dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos 7 days amod 6 sunny sunny ADJ Degree=Pos 7 days amod 7 days day NOUN Number=Plur 2 needs obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 needs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present Haymaking day vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
Example 4 In the old days, haymaking was done with scythes.
case det amod obl punct nsubj aux:pass case obl punct root In ADP the DET old ADJ days NOUN , PUNCT haymaking NOUN was AUX done VERB with ADP scythes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 days case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 days det 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 days amod 4 days day NOUN Number=Plur 8 done obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 days punct 6 haymaking haymaking NOUN Number=Sing 8 done nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 done aux:pass 8 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 with with ADP _ 10 scythes case 10 scythes scythe NOUN Number=Plur 8 done obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 done punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past · passive haymaking day with scythes vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
Example 5 Make hay while the sun shines, and do your homework while you have time!
The tree, 14 words obj mark det nsubj advcl punct cc conj nmod:poss obj mark nsubj advcl obj punct root Make VERB hay NOUN while SCONJ the DET sun NOUN shines VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ do VERB your PRON homework NOUN while SCONJ you PRON have VERB time NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 1 Make obj 3 while while SCONJ _ 6 shines mark 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sun det 5 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 6 shines nsubj 6 shines shine VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Make advcl 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 do punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 do cc 9 do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Make conj 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 homework nmod:poss 11 homework homework NOUN Number=Sing 9 do obj 12 while while SCONJ _ 14 have mark 13 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 14 have nsubj 14 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 do advcl 15 time time NOUN Number=Sing 14 have obj 16 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make imperative you not said here hay vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hay=Product 2 shine present the sun vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 do infinitive you not said here your homework vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality 4 have present you time vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The farmer is busy with haymaking this week.
det nsubj cop case obl det obl:unmarked punct root The DET farmer NOUN is AUX busy ADJ with ADP haymaking NOUN this DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 4 busy nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 busy cop 4 busy busy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 haymaking case 6 haymaking haymaking NOUN Number=Sing 4 busy obl 7 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 8 week det 8 week week NOUN Number=Sing 4 busy obl:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 busy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the farmer week with haymaking; busy property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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