hearken

Who acts: children, my, Bible, design, They, boat · What happens: listen, go back, remind, say, tell, hearken · To what, where: people, old storyteller, warning, song, short form · Speech: someone speaks here

«hearken» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hearken in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: old-fashioned — kept apart, not parsed.

To listen carefully.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 listen	mark
2	listen	listen	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	carefully	carefully	ADV	_	2 listen	advmod
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 listen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	listen	to-infinitive						carefully property	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: hearken back to — kept apart, not parsed.

To go back to or remind people of something from the past.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 go	mark
2	go	go	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	back	back	ADV	_	2 go	advmod
4	to	to	ADP	_	3 back	obl
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 remind	cc
6	remind	remind	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 go	conj
7	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 remind	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 something	case
9	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	7 people	nmod
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 past	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 past	det
12	past	past	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 something	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 go	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go back	to-infinitive							vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient
2	remind speech: other	infinitive			people of something				vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent people=Recipient

Example 1

«Hearken, children, to my tale,» said the old storyteller.

The tree, 9 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 said	punct
2	Hearken	hearken	INTJ	_	4 children	discourse
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 children	punct
4	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 said	nsubj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 tale	punct
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 tale	case
7	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tale	nmod:poss
8	tale	tale	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 children	appos
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 children	punct
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 said	punct
11	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 storyteller	det
13	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 storyteller	amod
14	storyteller	storyteller	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 said	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	children	the old storyteller					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent storyteller=Topic
2	tell in a quote		my						nom tale «communication intransitive»: poss=agent

Example 2

The Bible says, «Hearken unto me, O my people.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Bible	det
2	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 Hearken	punct
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 Hearken	punct
6	Hearken	hearken	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 says	ccomp
7	unto	unto	ADP	_	8 me	case
8	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 Hearken	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 people	punct
10	O	o	INTJ	_	12 people	discourse
11	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 people	nmod:poss
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 Hearken	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 Hearken	punct
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 Hearken	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	the Bible						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	hearken in a quote	infinitive		my people				unto the Bible = bible	tree rules

Example 3

The design hearkens back to the old Victorian style.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 design	det
2	design	design	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hearkens	nsubj
3	hearkens	hearken	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	back	back	ADV	_	3 hearkens	advmod
5	to	to	ADP	_	9 style	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 style	det
7	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 style	amod
8	Victorian	victorian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 style	amod
9	style	style	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hearkens	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 hearkens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hearken back	present	the design					to the old Victorian style	tree rules

Example 4

They would not hearken to the warning and the boat sank.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 hearken	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 hearken	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 hearken	advmod
4	hearken	hearken	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 warning	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 warning	det
7	warning	warning	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hearken	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 sank	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 boat	det
10	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sank	nsubj
11	sank	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 warning	acl:relcl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 hearken	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hearken	would	They					to the warning	tree rules
2	sink	past	the boat	the warning not said here					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent warning=Patient

Example 5

The song «Hark! the herald angels sing» uses the short form «hark».

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 song	det
2	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 uses	nsubj
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 Hark	punct
4	Hark	Hark	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 song	appos
5	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 Hark	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 angels	det
7	herald	herald	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 angels	compound
8	angels	angel	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 sing	nsubj
9	sing	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 song	acl:relcl
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 sing	punct
11	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 form	det
13	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 form	amod
14	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 uses	obj
15	«	«	PUNCT	_	16 hark	punct
16	hark	hark	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 form	appos
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	16 hark	punct
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 uses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express in a quote	present	the herald angels	the song not said here					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme
2	use	present	the song	the short form					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Patient

Example 6

Hearken to the wind in the trees.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hearken	hearken	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	to	to	ADP	_	4 wind	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 wind	det
4	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Hearken	obl
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 trees	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 trees	det
7	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 wind	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Hearken	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hearken	imperative	you not said here					to the wind in the trees	tree rules

Example 7

"Well, then, hearken now!" cried the Tsar.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 hearken	punct
2	Well	well	INTJ	_	6 hearken	discourse
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Well	punct
4	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 hearken	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 then	punct
6	hearken	hearken	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	10 cried	parataxis
7	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 hearken	advmod
8	!	!	PUNCT	_	6 hearken	punct
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 hearken	punct
10	cried	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Tsar	det
12	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 cried	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 cried	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hearken in a quote	infinitive					then; now		tree rules
2	cry speech: express	past	the Tsar						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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