heave Who acts: you, they, sea, chest, heave, She · What happens: lift, pull, push, heave, throw, rise · To what, where: something, box, van, strong steady way, sigh, ship
«heave» in the school dictionary: its 7 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: heave in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To lift, pull or push something heavy with great effort: they heaved the box into the van.
The tree, 17 words mark advcl punct cc conj obj amod case amod obl punct nsubj advcl det obj case det obl punct root To PART lift VERB , PUNCT pull VERB or CCONJ push VERB something PRON heavy ADJ with ADP great ADJ effort NOUN : PUNCT they PRON heaved VERB the DET box NOUN into ADP the DET van NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lift mark 2 lift lift VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 pull advcl 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 pull punct 4 pull pull VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 push cc 6 push push VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 pull conj 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 push obj 8 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 something amod 9 with with ADP _ 11 effort case 10 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 11 effort amod 11 effort effort NOUN Number=Sing 8 heavy obl 12 : : PUNCT _ 14 heaved punct 13 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 heaved nsubj 14 heaved heave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 pull advcl 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 box det 16 box box NOUN Number=Sing 14 heaved obj 17 into into ADP _ 19 van case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 van det 19 van van NOUN Number=Sing 14 heaved obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 pull punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lift to-infinitive you not said here vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 pull imperative you not said here vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 push infinitive you not said here something vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 4 heave past they the box the van vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent box=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To throw something heavy.
mark obj amod punct root To PART throw VERB something PRON heavy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 throw mark 2 throw throw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 throw obj 4 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 something amod 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 throw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 throw to-infinitive something vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme
Meaning 3 To rise and fall in a strong, steady way: the sea heaved; his chest heaved.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl cc case det amod punct amod obl punct det nsubj conj punct nmod:poss nsubj conj punct root To PART rise VERB and CCONJ fall VERB in ADP a DET strong ADJ , PUNCT steady ADJ way NOUN : PUNCT the DET sea NOUN heaved VERB ; PUNCT his PRON chest NOUN heaved VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 rise mark 2 rise rise VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 fall advcl 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 fall cc 4 fall fall VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 in in ADP _ 10 way case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 way det 7 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 10 way amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 strong punct 9 steady steady ADJ Degree=Pos 10 way amod 10 way way NOUN Number=Sing 4 fall obl 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 heaved punct 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 sea det 13 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 14 heaved nsubj 14 heaved heave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 fall conj 15 ; ; PUNCT _ 18 heaved punct 16 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 chest nmod:poss 17 chest chest NOUN Number=Sing 18 heaved nsubj 18 heaved heave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 fall conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 4 fall punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rise to-infinitive you not said here vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 fall imperative you not said here a strong steady way vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in way=Location 3 heave past the sea vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 heave past sea's chest vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 To heave a sigh: to sigh deeply.
mark det obj punct mark conj advmod punct root To PART heave VERB a DET sigh NOUN : PUNCT to PART sigh VERB deeply ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 heave mark 2 heave heave VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 sigh det 4 sigh sigh NOUN Number=Sing 2 heave obj 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 sigh punct 6 to to PART _ 7 sigh mark 7 sigh sigh VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 heave conj 8 deeply deeply ADV _ 7 sigh advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 heave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 heave to-infinitive a sigh vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sigh=Theme 2 sigh to-infinitive deeply property vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 5 To feel as if you are going to be sick; to retch.
mark mark mark nsubj aux advcl mark cop xcomp punct mark conj punct root To PART feel VERB as SCONJ if SCONJ you PRON are AUX going VERB to PART be AUX sick ADJ ; PUNCT to PART retch VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 feel mark 2 feel feel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 as as SCONJ _ 7 going mark 4 if if SCONJ _ 7 going mark 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 going nsubj 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 going aux 7 going go VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 feel advcl 8 to to PART _ 10 sick mark 9 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 sick cop 10 sick sick ADJ Degree=Pos 7 going xcomp 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 retch punct 12 to to PART _ 13 retch mark 13 retch retch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 feel conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel to-infinitive vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 2 go present · progressive you vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 is to-infinitive you not said here sick property tree rules 4 retch to-infinitive vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 6 Usage: sailing — kept apart, not parsed.
«heave to» = stop a ship; «hove into view» = came into sight.
The tree, 13 words punct nsubj mark punct punct acl det obj punct punct advcl case obl punct punct case obl punct root « PUNCT heave NOUN to PART » PUNCT = SYM stop VERB a DET ship NOUN ; PUNCT « PUNCT hove VERB into ADP view NOUN » PUNCT = SYM came VERB into ADP sight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 heave punct 2 heave heave NOUN Number=Sing 16 came nsubj 3 to to PART _ 6 stop mark 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 to punct 5 = = SYM _ 6 stop punct 6 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 heave acl 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 ship det 8 ship ship NOUN Number=Sing 6 stop obj 9 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 hove punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 11 hove punct 11 hove hove VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 came advcl 12 into into ADP _ 13 view case 13 view view NOUN Number=Sing 11 hove obl 14 » » PUNCT _ 11 hove punct 15 = = SYM _ 16 came punct 16 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 17 into into ADP _ 18 sight case 18 sight sight NOUN Number=Sing 16 came obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 16 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop to-infinitive heave not said here a ship vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality ship=Eventuality 2 hove in a quote past heave not said here view tree rules 3 come past heave sight vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into sight=Initial_Location
Meaning 7 Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.
a big pull or push: one more heave!
det amod cc conj punct nummod amod conj punct root a DET big ADJ pull NOUN or CCONJ push NOUN : PUNCT one NUM more ADJ heave NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 pull det 2 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 3 pull amod 3 pull pull NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 push cc 5 push push NOUN Number=Sing 3 pull conj 6 : : PUNCT _ 9 heave punct 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 heave nummod 8 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 heave amod 9 heave heave NOUN Number=Sing 3 pull conj 10 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 pull punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 They heaved the heavy suitcase into the car.
nsubj det amod obj case det obl punct root They PRON heaved VERB the DET heavy ADJ suitcase NOUN into ADP the DET car NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 heaved nsubj 2 heaved heave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 suitcase det 4 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 suitcase amod 5 suitcase suitcase NOUN Number=Sing 2 heaved obj 6 into into ADP _ 8 car case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 car det 8 car car NOUN Number=Sing 2 heaved obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 heaved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 heave past They the heavy suitcase the car vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent suitcase=Theme
Example 2 «One, two, three, heave!»
punct punct conj punct conj punct parataxis punct punct root « PUNCT One NUM , PUNCT two NUM , PUNCT three NUM , PUNCT heave VERB ! PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 One punct 2 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 two punct 4 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 One conj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 three punct 6 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 One conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 heave punct 8 heave heave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 One parataxis 9 ! ! PUNCT _ 8 heave punct 10 » » PUNCT _ 8 heave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 heave in a quote present vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The sea heaved under the little boat.
det acl case det amod obl punct root The DET sea NOUN heaved VERB under ADP the DET little ADJ boat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sea det 2 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 heaved heave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 sea acl 4 under under ADP _ 7 boat case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 boat det 6 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 7 boat amod 7 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 3 heaved obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 sea punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 heave participle the sea not said here the little boat vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 4 She heaved a sigh of relief.
nsubj det obj case nmod punct root She PRON heaved VERB a DET sigh NOUN of ADP relief NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 heaved nsubj 2 heaved heave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 sigh det 4 sigh sigh NOUN Number=Sing 2 heaved obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 relief case 6 relief relief NOUN Number=Sing 4 sigh nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 heaved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 heave past She a sigh of relief vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sigh=Theme 2 sigh relief nom sigh «communication transitive»: of=patient
Example 5 Mole heaved himself up the bank.
nsubj obj compound:prt det obl:unmarked punct root Mole PROPN heaved VERB himself PRON up ADP the DET bank NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mole Mole PROPN Number=Sing 2 heaved nsubj 2 heaved heave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 2 heaved obj 4 up up ADP _ 2 heaved compound:prt 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bank det 6 bank bank NOUN Number=Sing 2 heaved obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 heaved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 heave up past Mole Mole the bank obl:unmarked vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme
Example 6 His shoulders heaved as he sobbed.
nmod:poss nsubj mark nsubj advcl punct root His PRON shoulders NOUN heaved VERB as SCONJ he PRON sobbed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 shoulders nmod:poss 2 shoulders shoulder NOUN Number=Plur 3 heaved nsubj 3 heaved heave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 as as SCONJ _ 6 sobbed mark 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 sobbed nsubj 6 sobbed sob VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 heaved advcl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 heaved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 heave past His shoulders vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 sob past he vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 A ship hove into view on the horizon.
det compound case nmod case det nmod punct root A DET ship NOUN hove NOUN into ADP view NOUN on ADP the DET horizon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 hove det 2 ship ship NOUN Number=Sing 3 hove compound 3 hove hove NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 into into ADP _ 5 view case 5 view view NOUN Number=Sing 3 hove nmod 6 on on ADP _ 8 horizon case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 horizon det 8 horizon horizon NOUN Number=Sing 5 view nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 hove punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 8 The smell made my stomach heave.
det nsubj nmod:poss compound obj punct root The DET smell NOUN made VERB my PRON stomach NOUN heave NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 smell det 2 smell smell NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 heave nmod:poss 5 stomach stomach NOUN Number=Sing 6 heave compound 6 heave heave NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the smell my stomach heave vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heave=Product 2 heave my nom heave «event intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 9 The Rat gave the boat a heave and it floated free.
det nsubj det obj det obj cc nsubj conj xcomp punct root The DET Rat PROPN gave VERB the DET boat NOUN a DET heave NOUN and CCONJ it PRON floated VERB free ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Rat det 2 Rat Rat PROPN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 boat det 5 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 heave det 7 heave heave NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 floated cc 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 floated nsubj 10 floated float VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 gave conj 11 free free ADJ Degree=Pos 10 floated xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the Rat the boat vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent boat=Recipient heave=Theme 2 float past Rat free property vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 10 The dragon heaved a sigh and vanished without leaving a trace behind him.
det nsubj det obj cc conj mark advcl det obj case obl punct root The DET dragon NOUN heaved VERB a DET sigh NOUN and CCONJ vanished VERB without SCONJ leaving VERB a DET trace NOUN behind ADP him PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dragon det 2 dragon dragon NOUN Number=Sing 3 heaved nsubj 3 heaved heave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 sigh det 5 sigh sigh NOUN Number=Sing 3 heaved obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 vanished cc 7 vanished vanish VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 heaved conj 8 without without SCONJ _ 9 leaving mark 9 leaving leave VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 vanished advcl 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 trace det 11 trace trace NOUN Number=Sing 9 leaving obj 12 behind behind ADP _ 13 him case 13 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 leaving obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 heaved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 heave past the dragon a sigh vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sigh=Theme 2 vanish past the dragon not said here vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 leave gerund the dragon not said here a trace behind dragon vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent trace=Theme behind he=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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