hell
Who acts: devil, traffic jam, noise, rude hell, rude Bloody hell, We · What happens: believe, go, punish, say, show, live · To what, where: place, religions, anger, story, hell, noise · Speech: someone speaks here
«hell» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hell in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
In some religions, a place where bad people are believed to go after death to be punished.
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 religions | case |
| 2 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 religions | det |
| 3 | religions | religion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 believed | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 religions | punct |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 place | det |
| 6 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 believed | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 11 believed | advmod |
| 8 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 people | amod |
| 9 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 believed | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 believed | aux:pass |
| 11 | believed | believe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 go | mark |
| 13 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 believed | xcomp |
| 14 | after | after | ADP | _ | 15 death | case |
| 15 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 go | obl |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 punished | mark |
| 17 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 18 punished | aux:pass |
| 18 | punished | punish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 go | advcl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 believed | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | present · passive | a place | some religions | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | go | to-infinitive | after death | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | punish | to-infinitive · passive | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2
A very unpleasant place or experience.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 place | det |
| 2 | very | very | ADV | _ | 3 unpleasant | advmod |
| 3 | unpleasant | unpleasant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 place | amod |
| 4 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 6 experience | cc |
| 6 | experience | experience | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 place | conj |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 place | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3
Usage: rude, mild swearing — kept apart, not parsed.
Said to show anger, surprise or emphasis.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 2 | to | to | PART | _ | 3 show | mark |
| 3 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Said | xcomp |
| 4 | anger | anger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 show | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 surprise | punct |
| 6 | surprise | surprise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 anger | conj |
| 7 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 emphasis | cc |
| 8 | emphasis | emphasis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 anger | conj |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Said | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | participle | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 2 | show | to-infinitive | anger and surprise or emphasis | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent anger=Recipient |
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"What the hell?", "hell of a".
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 hell | punct |
| 2 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 hell | nsubj |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 hell | det |
| 4 | hell | hell | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 hell | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 hell | punct |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 hell | punct |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 hell | punct |
| 9 | hell | hell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hell | parataxis |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 a | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 hell | nmod |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 hell | punct |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hell | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1
In the story, the devil lived in hell.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 story | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 story | det |
| 3 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lived | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 story | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 devil | det |
| 6 | devil | devil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lived | nsubj |
| 7 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 hell | case |
| 9 | hell | hell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lived | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 lived | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | the devil | the story | in hell | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in story=Location |
Example 2
The traffic jam was hell.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 jam | det |
| 2 | traffic | traffic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 jam | compound |
| 3 | jam | jam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 hell | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 hell | cop |
| 5 | hell | hell | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 hell | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the traffic jam | hell | tree rules |
Example 3
(rude) What the hell is that noise?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 rude | punct |
| 2 | rude | rude | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 hell | amod |
| 3 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 rude | punct |
| 4 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 6 hell | nsubj |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 hell | det |
| 6 | hell | hell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 noise | nsubj |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 noise | cop |
| 8 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 noise | det |
| 9 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 noise | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hell | that noise | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | is a | present | the rude hell | that noise | tree rules |
Example 4
(rude) Bloody hell, that was close!
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 rude | punct |
| 2 | rude | rude | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 hell | amod |
| 3 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 rude | punct |
| 4 | Bloody | bloody | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 hell | amod |
| 5 | hell | hell | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 close | punct |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 close | nsubj |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 close | cop |
| 9 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 hell | acl:relcl |
| 10 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 5 hell | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | rude Bloody hell | rude Bloody hell not said here | close property | tree rules |
Example 5
(rude) We had a hell of a time getting home.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 rude | punct |
| 2 | rude | rude | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 3 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 rude | punct |
| 4 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 had | nsubj |
| 5 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 rude | ccomp |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 hell | det |
| 7 | hell | hell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 had | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 time | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 time | det |
| 10 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hell | nmod |
| 11 | getting | get | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 time | acl |
| 12 | home | home | ADV | _ | 11 getting | advmod |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 rude | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | We | a hell of a time | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hell=Patient | ||||
| 2 | get | gerund | a time not said here | home property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
Example 6
The long walk in the heat was hell.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 walk | det |
| 2 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 walk | amod |
| 3 | walk | walk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hell | nsubj |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 heat | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 heat | det |
| 6 | heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 walk | nmod |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 hell | cop |
| 8 | hell | hell | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 hell | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the long walk in the heat | hell | tree rules |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/hell/