herder Who acts: herder, person, It, Reindeer herders, shepherd, cattle herder · What happens: be, look, move, keep, lead, follow · To what, where: person, goats, fresh grass, part, mountain, animals · Speech: someone speaks here
«herder» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: herder in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A herder is a person who looks after a group of animals, such as cattle, sheep, goats or reindeer, moving them to fresh grass and keeping them safe.
The tree, 28 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl case det obl case nmod punct case fixed conj punct conj punct conj cc conj punct advcl obj case amod obl cc conj obj xcomp punct root A DET herder NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN who PRON looks VERB after ADP a DET group NOUN of ADP animals NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP cattle NOUN , PUNCT sheep NOUN , PUNCT goats NOUN or CCONJ reindeer NOUN , PUNCT moving VERB them PRON to ADP fresh ADJ grass NOUN and CCONJ keeping VERB them PRON safe ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 herder det 2 herder herder NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 7 looks nsubj 7 looks look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person acl:relcl 8 after after ADP _ 10 group case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 group det 10 group group NOUN Number=Sing 7 looks obl 11 of of ADP _ 12 animals case 12 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 10 group nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 cattle punct 14 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 16 cattle case 15 as as ADP _ 14 such fixed 16 cattle cattle NOUN Number=Plur 12 animals conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 sheep punct 18 sheep sheep NOUN Number=Plur 16 cattle conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 goats punct 20 goats goat NOUN Number=Plur 16 cattle conj 21 or or CCONJ _ 22 reindeer cc 22 reindeer reindeer NOUN Number=Sing 20 goats conj 23 , , PUNCT _ 24 moving punct 24 moving move VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 looks advcl 25 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 24 moving obj 26 to to ADP _ 28 grass case 27 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 28 grass amod 28 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 24 moving obl 29 and and CCONJ _ 30 keeping cc 30 keeping keep VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 24 moving conj 31 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 30 keeping obj 32 safe safe ADJ Degree=Pos 30 keeping xcomp 33 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a herder a person tree rules 2 look present a person after a group of animals and cattle and sheep and goats or reindeer vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 3 move gerund a person not said here goats = goat fresh grass vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent they=Theme to grass=Trajectory 4 keep gerund a person not said here goats = goat safe property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 It is also part of names like «cattle herder» or «reindeer herder».
The tree, 12 words nsubj cop advmod case nmod case punct compound nmod punct cc punct compound conj punct punct root It PRON is AUX also ADV part NOUN of ADP names NOUN like ADP « PUNCT cattle NOUN herder NOUN » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT reindeer NOUN herder NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 part nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 part cop 3 also also ADV _ 4 part advmod 4 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 names case 6 names name NOUN Number=Plur 4 part nmod 7 like like ADP _ 10 herder case 8 « « PUNCT _ 10 herder punct 9 cattle cattle NOUN Number=Sing 10 herder compound 10 herder herder NOUN Number=Sing 6 names nmod 11 » » PUNCT _ 10 herder punct 12 or or CCONJ _ 15 herder cc 13 « « PUNCT _ 15 herder punct 14 reindeer reindeer NOUN Number=Sing 15 herder compound 15 herder herder NOUN Number=Sing 10 herder conj 16 » » PUNCT _ 15 herder punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It part of names like cattle herder or reindeer herder tree rules
Example 1 The herder led his goats up the mountain.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root The DET herder NOUN led VERB his PRON goats NOUN up ADP the DET mountain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 herder det 2 herder herder NOUN Number=Sing 3 led nsubj 3 led lead VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 goats nmod:poss 5 goats goat NOUN Number=Plur 3 led obj 6 up up ADP _ 8 mountain case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 mountain det 8 mountain mountain NOUN Number=Sing 3 led obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 led punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lead past the herder herder's goats the mountain vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent goat=Theme up mountain=Destination
Example 2 Reindeer herders in Lapland follow their animals across the snow.
compound nsubj case nmod nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root Reindeer NOUN herders NOUN in ADP Lapland PROPN follow VERB their PRON animals NOUN across ADP the DET snow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Reindeer reindeer NOUN Number=Sing 2 herders compound 2 herders herder NOUN Number=Plur 5 follow nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 4 Lapland case 4 Lapland Lapland PROPN Number=Sing 2 herders nmod 5 follow follow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 animals nmod:poss 7 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 5 follow obj 8 across across ADP _ 10 snow case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 snow det 10 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 5 follow obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 follow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 follow present Reindeer herders in Lapland herders's animals the snow vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent animal=Theme across snow=Trajectory
Example 3 A shepherd is a herder of sheep.
det nsubj cop det case nmod punct root A DET shepherd NOUN is AUX a DET herder NOUN of ADP sheep NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 shepherd det 2 shepherd shepherd NOUN Number=Sing 5 herder nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 herder cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 herder det 5 herder herder NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 sheep case 7 sheep sheep NOUN Number=Plur 5 herder nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 herder punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a shepherd a herder of sheep tree rules
Example 4 The cattle herder used a dog to help him.
det compound nsubj det obj mark advcl obj punct root The DET cattle NOUN herder NOUN used VERB a DET dog NOUN to PART help VERB him PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 herder det 2 cattle cattle NOUN Number=Sing 3 herder compound 3 herder herder NOUN Number=Sing 4 used nsubj 4 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 dog det 6 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 4 used obj 7 to to PART _ 8 help mark 8 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 used advcl 9 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 help obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past the cattle herder a dog vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Patient 2 help to-infinitive the cattle herder not said here dog vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary
Example 5 Herders in Mongolia live in round tents called gers.
nsubj case nmod case amod obl acl xcomp punct root Herders NOUN in ADP Mongolia PROPN live VERB in ADP round ADJ tents NOUN called VERB gers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Herders herder NOUN Number=Plur 4 live nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 Mongolia case 3 Mongolia Mongolia PROPN Number=Sing 1 Herders nmod 4 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 tents case 6 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 7 tents amod 7 tents tent NOUN Number=Plur 4 live obl 8 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 tents acl 9 gers ger NOUN Number=Plur 8 called xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Herders in Mongolia round tents vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tent=Location 2 call participle round tents not said here gers vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The herder counted his sheep at sunset.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj case obl punct root The DET herder NOUN counted VERB his PRON sheep NOUN at ADP sunset NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 herder det 2 herder herder NOUN Number=Sing 3 counted nsubj 3 counted count VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 sheep nmod:poss 5 sheep sheep NOUN Number=Plur 3 counted obj 6 at at ADP _ 7 sunset case 7 sunset sunset NOUN Number=Sing 3 counted obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 counted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 count past the herder herder's sheep sunset vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme
Example 7 In dry years herders must walk far to find water.
case amod obl nsubj aux advmod mark advcl obj punct root In ADP dry ADJ years NOUN herders NOUN must AUX walk VERB far ADV to PART find VERB water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 years case 2 dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos 3 years amod 3 years year NOUN Number=Plur 6 walk obl 4 herders herder NOUN Number=Plur 6 walk nsubj 5 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 walk aux 6 walk walk VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 far far ADV Degree=Pos 6 walk advmod 8 to to PART _ 9 find mark 9 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 walk advcl 10 water water NOUN Number=Sing 9 find obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 walk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk must herders year far property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 find to-infinitive herders not said here water vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Topic
Example 8 Our story was about a young yak herder.
nmod:poss nsubj cop case det amod compound punct root Our PRON story NOUN was AUX about ADP a DET young ADJ yak NOUN herder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 story nmod:poss 2 story story NOUN Number=Sing 8 herder nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 herder cop 4 about about ADP _ 8 herder case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 herder det 6 young young ADJ Degree=Pos 8 herder amod 7 yak yak NOUN Number=Sing 8 herder compound 8 herder herder NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 herder punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Our story about a young yak herder tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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