hippo Who acts: hippo, thick skin, Hippos, name · What happens: be, spend, eat, come out, graze, yawn · To what, where: huge heavy African animal, most, rivers, grass, water, huge teeth · Speech: someone speaks here
«hippo» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hippo in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A hippo, short for hippopotamus, is a huge, heavy African animal with a wide mouth, short legs and thick skin, which spends most of the day in rivers and lakes.
The tree, 30 words det nsubj punct amod case obl punct cop det amod punct amod amod case det amod nmod punct amod conj cc amod conj punct nsubj acl:relcl obj case det nmod case obl cc conj punct root A DET hippo NOUN , PUNCT short ADJ for ADP hippopotamus NOUN , PUNCT is AUX a DET huge ADJ , PUNCT heavy ADJ African ADJ animal NOUN with ADP a DET wide ADJ mouth NOUN , PUNCT short ADJ legs NOUN and CCONJ thick ADJ skin NOUN , PUNCT which PRON spends VERB most ADJ of ADP the DET day NOUN in ADP rivers NOUN and CCONJ lakes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 hippo det 2 hippo hippo NOUN Number=Sing 14 animal nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 short punct 4 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 2 hippo amod 5 for for ADP _ 6 hippopotamus case 6 hippopotamus hippopotamus NOUN Number=Sing 4 short obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 2 hippo punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 animal cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 animal det 10 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 14 animal amod 11 , , PUNCT _ 10 huge punct 12 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 14 animal amod 13 African African ADJ Degree=Pos 14 animal amod 14 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 15 with with ADP _ 18 mouth case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 mouth det 17 wide wide ADJ Degree=Pos 18 mouth amod 18 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 14 animal nmod 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 legs punct 20 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 21 legs amod 21 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 18 mouth conj 22 and and CCONJ _ 24 skin cc 23 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 24 skin amod 24 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 18 mouth conj 25 , , PUNCT _ 27 spends punct 26 which which PRON PronType=Rel 27 spends nsubj 27 spends spend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 24 skin acl:relcl 28 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 27 spends obj 29 of of ADP _ 31 day case 30 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 31 day det 31 day day NOUN Number=Sing 28 most nmod 32 in in ADP _ 33 rivers case 33 rivers river NOUN Number=Plur 27 spends obl 34 and and CCONJ _ 35 lakes cc 35 lakes lake NOUN Number=Plur 33 rivers conj 36 . . PUNCT _ 14 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a hippo a huge heavy African animal with a wide mouth and short legs and thick skin tree rules 2 spend present thick skin most of the day rivers and lakes vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Asset
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Hippos eat grass, coming out of the water at night to graze.
nsubj obj punct advcl case case det obl case obl mark advcl punct root Hippos NOUN eat VERB grass NOUN , PUNCT coming VERB out ADP of ADP the DET water NOUN at ADP night NOUN to PART graze VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hippos hippo NOUN Number=Plur 2 eat nsubj 2 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 2 eat obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 coming punct 5 coming come VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 eat advcl 6 out out ADP _ 9 water case 7 of of ADP _ 9 water case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 water det 9 water water NOUN Number=Sing 5 coming obl 10 at at ADP _ 11 night case 11 night night NOUN Number=Sing 5 coming obl 12 to to PART _ 13 graze mark 13 graze graze VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 coming advcl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present Hippos grass vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient 2 come out gerund Hippos not said here the water night vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient water=Result 3 graze to-infinitive Hippos not said here vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The hippo yawned and showed its huge teeth.
det nsubj cc conj nmod:poss amod obj punct root The DET hippo NOUN yawned VERB and CCONJ showed VERB its PRON huge ADJ teeth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 hippo det 2 hippo hippo NOUN Number=Sing 3 yawned nsubj 3 yawned yawn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 showed cc 5 showed show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 yawned conj 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 teeth nmod:poss 7 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 8 teeth amod 8 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 5 showed obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 yawned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 yawn past the hippo vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 show past the hippo not said here hippo's huge teeth vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tooth=Recipient
Example 2 Hippos spend the day in the water to keep cool.
nsubj det obj case det obl mark advcl xcomp punct root Hippos NOUN spend VERB the DET day NOUN in ADP the DET water NOUN to PART keep VERB cool ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hippos hippo NOUN Number=Plur 2 spend nsubj 2 spend spend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 day det 4 day day NOUN Number=Sing 2 spend obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 water case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 water det 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 spend obl 8 to to PART _ 9 keep mark 9 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 spend advcl 10 cool cool ADJ Degree=Pos 9 keep xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 spend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spend present Hippos the water day vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 keep to-infinitive Hippos not said here cool property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 3 A hippo can stay under water for several minutes.
det nsubj aux case obl case amod obl punct root A DET hippo NOUN can AUX stay VERB under ADP water NOUN for ADP several ADJ minutes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 hippo det 2 hippo hippo NOUN Number=Sing 4 stay nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 stay aux 4 stay stay VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 under under ADP _ 6 water case 6 water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 stay obl 7 for for ADP _ 9 minutes case 8 several several ADJ Degree=Pos 9 minutes amod 9 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 4 stay obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 stay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay can a hippo water minute vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under water=Location
Example 4 Hippos come out at night to eat grass.
nsubj advmod case obl mark advcl obj punct root Hippos NOUN come VERB out ADV at ADP night NOUN to PART eat VERB grass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hippos hippo NOUN Number=Plur 2 come nsubj 2 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 out out ADV _ 2 come advmod 4 at at ADP _ 5 night case 5 night night NOUN Number=Sing 2 come obl 6 to to PART _ 7 eat mark 7 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 come advcl 8 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 7 eat obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 come punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come out present Hippos night out property vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient 2 eat to-infinitive Hippos not said here grass vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient
Example 5 The name «hippopotamus» means «river horse».
det nsubj punct appos punct punct compound obj punct punct root The DET name NOUN « PUNCT hippopotamus NOUN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT river NOUN horse NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 name det 2 name name NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 hippopotamus punct 4 hippopotamus hippopotamus NOUN Number=Sing 2 name appos 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 hippopotamus punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 « « PUNCT _ 9 horse punct 8 river river NOUN Number=Sing 9 horse compound 9 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 6 means obj 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 horse punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the name river horse vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Topic
Example 6 Hippos may look slow, but they are very dangerous.
nsubj aux xcomp punct cc nsubj cop advmod conj punct root Hippos NOUN may AUX look VERB slow ADJ , PUNCT but CCONJ they PRON are AUX very ADV dangerous ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hippos hippo NOUN Number=Plur 3 look nsubj 2 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 look aux 3 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 slow slow ADJ Degree=Pos 3 look xcomp 5 , , PUNCT _ 10 dangerous punct 6 but but CCONJ _ 10 dangerous cc 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 dangerous nsubj 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 dangerous cop 9 very very ADV _ 10 dangerous advmod 10 dangerous dangerous ADJ Degree=Pos 3 look conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 look punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look may Hippos slow property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 is present Hippos = hippo dangerous property tree rules
Example 7 A baby hippo is called a calf.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass det xcomp punct root A DET baby NOUN hippo NOUN is AUX called VERB a DET calf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 hippo det 2 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 3 hippo compound 3 hippo hippo NOUN Number=Sing 5 called nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 called aux:pass 5 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 calf det 7 calf calf NOUN Number=Sing 5 called xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present · passive a baby hippo vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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