hiss Who acts: steam, hiss, audience, they, snake, cat · What happens: hiss, be, escape, mean, say, show · To what, where: sound, something, sharp angry whisper, someone, head, stove · Speech: someone speaks here
«hiss» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hiss in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To hiss is to make a long «sss» sound, like a snake or steam escaping.
The tree, 15 words mark csubj cop mark det amod punct compound punct obj punct case det parataxis cc conj acl punct root To PART hiss VERB is AUX to PART make VERB a DET long ADJ « PUNCT sss NOUN » PUNCT sound NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET snake NOUN or CCONJ steam NOUN escaping VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 hiss mark 2 hiss hiss VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 make csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 make cop 4 to to PART _ 5 make mark 5 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 sound det 7 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 11 sound amod 8 « « PUNCT _ 9 sss punct 9 sss sss NOUN Number=Sing 11 sound compound 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 sss punct 11 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 5 make obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 snake punct 13 like like ADP _ 15 snake case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 snake det 15 snake snake NOUN Number=Sing 5 make parataxis 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 steam cc 17 steam steam NOUN Number=Sing 15 snake conj 18 escaping escape VERB VerbForm=Ger 17 steam acl 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hiss to-infinitive vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present make property tree rules 3 escape gerund steam not said here vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A hiss is that sound.
det nsubj cop det punct root A DET hiss NOUN is AUX that DET sound NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 hiss det 2 hiss hiss NOUN Number=Sing 5 sound nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sound cop 4 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 sound det 5 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 sound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a hiss that sound tree rules
Meaning 3 To hiss can mean to say something in a sharp, angry whisper.
mark nsubj aux mark xcomp obj case det amod punct amod obl punct root To PART hiss NOUN can AUX mean VERB to PART say VERB something PRON in ADP a DET sharp ADJ , PUNCT angry ADJ whisper NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 hiss mark 2 hiss hiss NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 say mark 6 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean xcomp 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 say obj 8 in in ADP _ 13 whisper case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 whisper det 10 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 13 whisper amod 11 , , PUNCT _ 10 sharp punct 12 angry angry ADJ Degree=Pos 13 whisper amod 13 whisper whisper NOUN Number=Sing 6 say obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can hiss vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 say speech: assert not said to happen to-infinitive hiss not said here something a sharp angry whisper vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent something=Theme in whisper=Manner
Meaning 4 An audience may hiss to show they dislike someone.
det nsubj aux mark xcomp nsubj ccomp obj punct root An DET audience NOUN may AUX hiss VERB to PART show VERB they PRON dislike VERB someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 audience det 2 audience audience NOUN Number=Sing 4 hiss nsubj 3 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 hiss aux 4 hiss hiss VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 show mark 6 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 hiss xcomp 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 dislike nsubj 8 dislike dislike VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 show ccomp 9 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 dislike obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 hiss punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hiss may a audience vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 show to-infinitive a audience not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 dislike present they someone vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Stimulus
Example 1 The snake hissed and raised its head.
det nsubj cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET snake NOUN hissed VERB and CCONJ raised VERB its PRON head NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 snake det 2 snake snake NOUN Number=Sing 3 hissed nsubj 3 hissed hiss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 raised cc 5 raised raise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 hissed conj 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 head nmod:poss 7 head head NOUN Number=Sing 5 raised obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 hissed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hiss past the snake vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 raise past the snake not said here snake's head vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme
Example 2 Our cat hisses when the neighbour's dog comes near.
nmod:poss nsubj mark det nmod:poss case nsubj advcl advmod punct root Our PRON cat NOUN hisses VERB when SCONJ the DET neighbour NOUN 's PART dog NOUN comes VERB near ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 cat nmod:poss 2 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 3 hisses nsubj 3 hisses hiss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 when when SCONJ _ 9 comes mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 neighbour det 6 neighbour neighbour NOUN Number=Sing 8 dog nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 neighbour case 8 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 9 comes nsubj 9 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 hisses advcl 10 near near ADV _ 9 comes advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 hisses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hiss present Our cat vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 come present the neighbour's dog near property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 The kettle began to hiss on the stove.
det nsubj mark xcomp case det obl punct root The DET kettle NOUN began VERB to PART hiss VERB on ADP the DET stove NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 kettle det 2 kettle kettle NOUN Number=Sing 3 began nsubj 3 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 hiss mark 5 hiss hiss VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 began xcomp 6 on on ADP _ 8 stove case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 stove det 8 stove stove NOUN Number=Sing 5 hiss obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 began punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin past the kettle vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 hiss to-infinitive the kettle not said here the stove vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on stove=Location
Example 4 I heard a hiss as the air came out of my bike tyre.
nsubj det obj mark det nsubj advcl case case nmod:poss compound obl punct root I PRON heard VERB a DET hiss NOUN as SCONJ the DET air NOUN came VERB out ADP of ADP my PRON bike NOUN tyre NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 hiss det 4 hiss hiss NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obj 5 as as SCONJ _ 8 came mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 air det 7 air air NOUN Number=Sing 8 came nsubj 8 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 heard advcl 9 out out ADP _ 13 tyre case 10 of of ADP _ 13 tyre case 11 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 tyre nmod:poss 12 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 13 tyre compound 13 tyre tyre NOUN Number=Sing 8 came obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past I a hiss vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer hiss=Stimulus 2 come out past the air my bike tyre vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient tyre=Result
Example 5 «Be quiet!» she hissed.
punct cop advcl punct punct nsubj punct root « PUNCT Be AUX quiet ADJ ! PUNCT » PUNCT she PRON hissed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 quiet punct 2 Be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 3 quiet cop 3 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 7 hissed advcl 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 quiet punct 5 » » PUNCT _ 3 quiet punct 6 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 hissed nsubj 7 hissed hiss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 hissed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote infinitive she not said here quiet property tree rules 2 hiss past she vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The crowd hissed at the villain in the pantomime.
det nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root The DET crowd NOUN hissed VERB at ADP the DET villain NOUN in ADP the DET pantomime NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 crowd det 2 crowd crowd NOUN Number=Sing 3 hissed nsubj 3 hissed hiss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 6 villain case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 villain det 6 villain villain NOUN Number=Sing 3 hissed obl 7 in in ADP _ 9 pantomime case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 pantomime det 9 pantomime pantomime NOUN Number=Sing 3 hissed obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 hissed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hiss past the crowd the villain in the pantomime vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at villain=Location
Example 7 If you smell gas or hear a hiss from the cooker, tell an adult at once.
The tree, 16 words mark nsubj advcl obj cc conj det obj case det obl punct det obj case obl punct root If SCONJ you PRON smell VERB gas NOUN or CCONJ hear VERB a DET hiss NOUN from ADP the DET cooker NOUN , PUNCT tell VERB an DET adult NOUN at ADP once ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 smell mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 smell nsubj 3 smell smell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 tell advcl 4 gas gas NOUN Number=Sing 3 smell obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 hear cc 6 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 smell conj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 hiss det 8 hiss hiss NOUN Number=Sing 6 hear obj 9 from from ADP _ 11 cooker case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 cooker det 11 cooker cooker NOUN Number=Sing 6 hear obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 3 smell punct 13 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 14 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 adult det 15 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 13 tell obj 16 at at ADP _ 17 once case 17 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 13 tell obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 13 tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell a condition, not said to happen present you gas vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer gas=Stimulus 2 hear infinitive you not said here a hiss the cooker vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent hiss=Topic from cooker=Source 3 tell speech: assert imperative you not said here a adult vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient
Example 8 The drink can opened with a hiss.
det nsubj:pass aux case det obl punct root The DET drink NOUN can AUX opened VERB with ADP a DET hiss NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 drink det 2 drink drink NOUN Number=Sing 4 opened nsubj:pass 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 opened aux 4 opened open VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 7 hiss case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 hiss det 7 hiss hiss NOUN Number=Sing 4 opened obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 opened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 open can · passive the drink with a hiss vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with hiss=Instrument
Example 9 “Nearer!” hissed Kaa, and they all moved again.
punct advmod punct punct obj punct cc nsubj advmod conj advmod punct root “ PUNCT Nearer ADJ ! PUNCT ” PUNCT hissed VERB Kaa PROPN , PUNCT and CCONJ they PRON all DET moved VERB again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 5 hissed punct 2 Nearer near ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 hissed advmod 3 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Nearer punct 4 ” " PUNCT _ 2 Nearer punct 5 hissed hiss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 Kaa Kaa PROPN Number=Sing 5 hissed obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 moved punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 11 moved cc 9 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 moved nsubj 10 all all DET PronType=Tot 11 moved advmod 11 moved move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 hissed conj 12 again again ADV _ 11 moved advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 hissed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hiss past Kaa vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kaa=Topic 2 move past they again vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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