holding Who acts: Holding, holding land, Holdings, person, you, She · What happens: be, have, keep, hold, own, grab · To what, where: ing form, something, hands, Holding, place, holding land · Speech: someone speaks here
«holding» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: holding in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Holding is the -ing form of "hold": having something in your hands or arms, or keeping it in place.
The tree, 19 words nsubj cop det punct compound case punct nmod punct punct parataxis obj case nmod:poss obl cc conj punct cc conj obj case obl punct root Holding NOUN is AUX the DET - PUNCT ing NOUN form NOUN of ADP " PUNCT hold NOUN " PUNCT : PUNCT having VERB something PRON in ADP your PRON hands NOUN or CCONJ arms NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ keeping VERB it PRON in ADP place NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Holding holding NOUN Number=Sing 6 form nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 form cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 form det 4 - - PUNCT _ 3 the punct 5 ing ing NOUN Number=Sing 6 form compound 6 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 9 hold case 8 " " PUNCT _ 9 hold punct 9 hold hold NOUN Number=Sing 6 form nmod 10 " " PUNCT _ 9 hold punct 11 : : PUNCT _ 12 having punct 12 having have VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 form parataxis 13 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 12 having obj 14 in in ADP _ 16 hands case 15 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 hands nmod:poss 16 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 12 having obl 17 or or CCONJ _ 18 arms cc 18 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 16 hands conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 keeping punct 20 or or CCONJ _ 21 keeping cc 21 keeping keep VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 having conj 22 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 21 keeping obj 23 in in ADP _ 24 place case 24 place place NOUN Number=Sing 21 keeping obl 25 . . PUNCT _ 6 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Holding the ing form of hold tree rules 2 have gerund something your hands or arms vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 3 keep gerund Holding place vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme in place=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A holding is land or property that someone owns, like a small farm.
The tree, 13 words det amod cop nsubj cc conj mark nsubj punct case det amod obl punct root A DET holding VERB is AUX land NOUN or CCONJ property NOUN that SCONJ someone PRON owns VERB , PUNCT like ADP a DET small ADJ farm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 land det 2 holding hold VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 land amod 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 land cop 4 land land NOUN Number=Sing 9 owns nsubj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 property cc 6 property property NOUN Number=Sing 4 land conj 7 that that SCONJ _ 9 owns mark 8 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 owns nsubj 9 owns own VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 farm punct 11 like like ADP _ 14 farm case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 farm det 13 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 14 farm amod 14 farm farm NOUN Number=Sing 9 owns obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 9 owns punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold gerund vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is a present a holding land or property tree rules 3 own present a holding land or property like a small farm vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot
Meaning 3 Holdings are things like money, shares or books that a person or group owns or keeps.
The tree, 16 words nsubj cop case nmod punct conj cc conj obj det nsubj cc conj acl:relcl cc conj punct root Holdings NOUN are AUX things NOUN like ADP money NOUN , PUNCT shares NOUN or CCONJ books NOUN that PRON a DET person NOUN or CCONJ group NOUN owns VERB or CCONJ keeps VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Holdings holding NOUN Number=Plur 3 things nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 things cop 3 things thing NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 like like ADP _ 5 money case 5 money money NOUN Number=Sing 3 things nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 shares punct 7 shares share NOUN Number=Plur 3 things conj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 books cc 9 books book NOUN Number=Plur 7 shares conj 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 15 owns obj 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 person det 12 person person NOUN Number=Sing 15 owns nsubj 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 group cc 14 group group NOUN Number=Sing 12 person conj 15 owns own VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 shares acl:relcl 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 keeps cc 17 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 owns conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 things punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Holdings things and shares or books like money tree rules 2 own present a person or group shares or books vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot that=Theme 3 keep present a person or group not said here vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 In sport, holding is an unfair move where you grab another player.
case obl punct compound cop det amod advmod nsubj advcl det obj punct root In ADP sport NOUN , PUNCT holding VERB is AUX an DET unfair ADJ move NOUN where ADV you PRON grab VERB another DET player NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 sport case 2 sport sport NOUN Number=Sing 8 move obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 sport punct 4 holding hold VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 move compound 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 move cop 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 move det 7 unfair unfair ADJ Degree=Pos 8 move amod 8 move move NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 where where ADV PronType=Rel 11 grab advmod 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 grab nsubj 11 grab grab VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 move advcl 12 another another DET PronType=Ind 13 player det 13 player player NOUN Number=Sing 11 grab obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 move punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold gerund vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is a present a holding unfair move sport tree rules 3 grab present you another player vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent player=Theme
Example 1 She is holding a kitten.
nsubj aux det obj punct root She PRON is AUX holding VERB a DET kitten NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 holding nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 holding aux 3 holding hold VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 kitten det 5 kitten kitten NOUN Number=Sing 3 holding obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 holding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present · progressive She a kitten vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kitten=Theme
Example 2 Keep holding the rail on the stairs.
xcomp det obj case det obl punct root Keep VERB holding VERB the DET rail NOUN on ADP the DET stairs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 holding hold VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Keep xcomp 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 rail det 4 rail rail NOUN Number=Sing 2 holding obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 stairs case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 stairs det 7 stairs stair NOUN Number=Plur 2 holding obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep imperative you not said here tree rules 2 hold gerund you not said here the rail the stairs vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent rail=Theme on stair=Location
Example 3 We walked holding hands.
nsubj advcl obj punct root We PRON walked VERB holding VERB hands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 walked nsubj 2 walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 holding hold VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 walked advcl 4 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 3 holding obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 walked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk past We vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 hold gerund We not said here hands vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme
Example 4 The jug is holding 2 litres of water.
det nsubj aux nummod obj case nmod punct root The DET jug NOUN is AUX holding VERB 2 NUM litres NOUN of ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 jug det 2 jug jug NOUN Number=Sing 4 holding nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 holding aux 4 holding hold VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 litres nummod 6 litres litre NOUN Number=Plur 4 holding obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 water case 8 water water NOUN Number=Sing 6 litres nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 holding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present · progressive the jug 2 litres of water vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litre=Theme
Example 5 He was holding his breath under water.
nsubj aux nmod:poss obj case obl punct root He PRON was AUX holding VERB his PRON breath NOUN under ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 holding nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 holding aux 3 holding hold VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 breath nmod:poss 5 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 3 holding obj 6 under under ADP _ 7 water case 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 holding obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 holding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold past · progressive He his breath water vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent breath=Theme under water=Location
Example 6 The family has a small holding of land by the river.
det nsubj det amod compound obl obj case det nmod punct root The DET family NOUN has VERB a DET small ADJ holding VERB of ADP land NOUN by ADP the DET river NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 family det 2 family family NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 land det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 8 land amod 6 holding hold VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 land compound 7 of of ADP _ 6 holding obl 8 land land NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 9 by by ADP _ 11 river case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 river det 11 river river NOUN Number=Sing 8 land nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the family a small holding land by the river vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Patient 2 hold gerund vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 The library's holdings include rare maps.
det nmod:poss case nsubj amod obj punct root The DET library NOUN 's PART holdings NOUN include VERB rare ADJ maps NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 library det 2 library library NOUN Number=Sing 4 holdings nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 library case 4 holdings holding NOUN Number=Plur 5 include nsubj 5 include include VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 rare rare ADJ Degree=Pos 7 maps amod 7 maps map NOUN Number=Plur 5 include obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 include punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 include present the library's holdings rare maps vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent map=Theme 2 hold the library nom holding «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 8 The referee called holding against the player.
det acl xcomp case det obl punct root The DET referee NOUN called VERB holding VERB against ADP the DET player NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 referee det 2 referee referee NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 referee acl 4 holding hold VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 called xcomp 5 against against ADP _ 7 player case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 player det 7 player player NOUN Number=Sing 4 holding obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 referee punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call participle the referee not said here vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 hold gerund the player vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against player=Location
Example 9 "What's the matter?" he asked, holding her tighter.
punct nsubj cop det ccomp punct punct nsubj punct advcl nmod:poss obj punct root " PUNCT What PRON 's AUX the DET matter NOUN ? PUNCT " PUNCT he PRON asked VERB , PUNCT holding VERB her PRON tighter ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 matter punct 2 What what PRON PronType=Int 5 matter nsubj 3 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 matter cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 matter det 5 matter matter NOUN Number=Sing 9 asked ccomp 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 matter punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 5 matter punct 8 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 asked nsubj 9 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 holding punct 11 holding hold VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 asked advcl 12 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 tighter nmod:poss 13 tighter tight ADJ Degree=Cmp 11 holding obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 9 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present the matter tree rules 2 ask speech: ask past he vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 hold gerund he not said here her tighter vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tight=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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