hope Who acts: it, Hope, something, you, I, We · What happens: hope, mean, want, happen, think, be · To what, where: something, feeling, it, Grandma, hope, cat · Speech: someone speaks here
«hope» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hope in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To hope means to want something to happen and to think it could happen.
The tree, 14 words mark csubj mark xcomp obj mark acl cc mark conj nsubj aux ccomp punct root To PART hope VERB means VERB to PART want VERB something PRON to PART happen VERB and CCONJ to PART think VERB it PRON could AUX happen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 hope mark 2 hope hope VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 want mark 5 want want VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 want obj 7 to to PART _ 8 happen mark 8 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 something acl 9 and and CCONJ _ 11 think cc 10 to to PART _ 11 think mark 11 think think VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 happen conj 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 happen nsubj 13 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 happen aux 14 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 think ccomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hope to-infinitive vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 want not said to happen to-infinitive something vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot something=Theme 4 happen to-infinitive something not said here vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 5 think speech: other to-infinitive vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 6 happen could it vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Hope is the feeling that something good may happen.
nsubj cop det mark nsubj amod aux acl punct root Hope NOUN is AUX the DET feeling NOUN that SCONJ something PRON good ADJ may AUX happen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 4 feeling nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 feeling cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 feeling det 4 feeling feeling NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 that that SCONJ _ 9 happen mark 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 happen nsubj 7 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 6 something amod 8 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 happen aux 9 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 feeling acl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 feeling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Hope the feeling tree rules 2 happen may something the feeling not said here tree rules
Meaning 3 A hope is something you wish for.
det nsubj cop nsubj acl:relcl obl punct root A DET hope NOUN is AUX something PRON you PRON wish VERB for ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 hope det 2 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 4 something nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something cop 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 wish nsubj 6 wish wish VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something acl:relcl 7 for for ADP _ 6 wish obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a hope something tree rules 2 wish present you vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
Meaning 4 «I hope so» means I want it to be true; «I hope not» means I don't want it to be true.
The tree, 22 words punct nsubj advmod punct ccomp nsubj ccomp obj mark cop xcomp punct punct nsubj conj advmod punct ccomp nsubj aux advmod ccomp obj mark cop xcomp punct root « PUNCT I PRON hope VERB so ADV » PUNCT means VERB I PRON want VERB it PRON to PART be AUX true ADJ ; PUNCT « PUNCT I PRON hope VERB not PART » PUNCT means VERB I PRON do AUX n't PART want VERB it PRON to PART be AUX true ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 hope punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 hope nsubj 3 hope hope VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 so so ADV _ 6 means advmod 5 » » PUNCT _ 6 means punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 hope ccomp 7 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 want nsubj 8 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 means ccomp 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 want obj 10 to to PART _ 12 true mark 11 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 12 true cop 12 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 8 want xcomp 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 16 hope punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 16 hope punct 15 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 16 hope nsubj 16 hope hope VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 hope conj 17 not not PART Polarity=Neg 16 hope advmod 18 » » PUNCT _ 17 not punct 19 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 hope ccomp 20 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 23 want nsubj 21 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 want aux 22 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 23 want advmod 23 want want VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 means ccomp 24 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 want obj 25 to to PART _ 27 true mark 26 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 27 true cop 27 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 23 want xcomp 28 . . PUNCT _ 3 hope punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hope in a quote present I vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 want present I it vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Pivot it=Theme 4 is not said to happen to-infinitive true property tree rules 5 not hope in a quote present I vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 6 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 7 not want present · do-support I it vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Pivot it=Theme 8 is not said to happen to-infinitive true property tree rules
Example 1 I hope it will be sunny tomorrow.
nsubj nsubj aux cop ccomp obl:unmarked punct root I PRON hope VERB it PRON will AUX be AUX sunny ADJ tomorrow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 hope nsubj 2 hope hope VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 sunny nsubj 4 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 sunny aux 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 sunny cop 6 sunny sunny ADJ Degree=Pos 2 hope ccomp 7 tomorrow tomorrow NOUN Number=Sing 6 sunny obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 hope punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hope present I vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot 2 is future it tomorrow sunny property tree rules
Example 2 I hope you feel better soon.
nsubj nsubj ccomp advmod advmod punct root I PRON hope VERB you PRON feel VERB better ADV soon ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 hope nsubj 2 hope hope VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 feel nsubj 4 feel feel VERB Mood=Sub Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 hope ccomp 5 better well ADV Degree=Cmp 4 feel advmod 6 soon soon ADV Degree=Pos 4 feel advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 hope punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hope present I vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 feel infinitive you soon, well property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Example 3 We hope to visit Grandma in the summer.
nsubj mark xcomp obj case det obl punct root We PRON hope VERB to PART visit VERB Grandma PROPN in ADP the DET summer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 hope nsubj 2 hope hope VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 visit mark 4 visit visit VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 hope xcomp 5 Grandma Grandma PROPN Number=Sing 4 visit obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 summer case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 summer det 8 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 4 visit obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 hope punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hope present We vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 visit not said to happen to-infinitive We not said here Grandma summer vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grandma=Co-Agent
Example 4 Don't give up hope; we'll find your cat.
aux advmod compound:prt obj punct nsubj aux advcl nmod:poss obj punct root Do AUX n't PART give VERB up ADP hope NOUN ; PUNCT we PRON 'll AUX find VERB your PRON cat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 give aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 give advmod 3 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 up up ADP _ 3 give compound:prt 5 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 3 give obj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 find punct 7 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 find nsubj 8 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 find aux 9 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 give advcl 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 cat nmod:poss 11 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 9 find obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not give up imperative · do-support you not said here hope vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hope=Source 2 find future we your cat vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Topic
Example 5 Will we win? I hope so!
Sentence 1: Will we win?
aux nsubj punct root Will AUX we PRON win VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 win aux 2 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 win nsubj 3 win win VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 win punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win future we vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Sentence 2: I hope so!
nsubj advmod punct root I PRON hope VERB so ADV ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 hope nsubj 2 hope hope VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 so so ADV _ 2 hope advmod 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 hope punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hope present I vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot
Example 6 She has high hopes for the competition.
nsubj amod obj case det nmod punct root She PRON has VERB high ADJ hopes NOUN for ADP the DET competition NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 4 hopes amod 4 hopes hope NOUN Number=Plur 2 has obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 competition case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 competition det 7 competition competition NOUN Number=Sing 4 hopes nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present She high hopes for the competition vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hope=Patient
Example 7 The lost hikers never lost hope.
det amod nsubj advmod obj punct root The DET lost VERB hikers NOUN never ADV lost VERB hope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 hikers det 2 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 hikers amod 3 hikers hiker NOUN Number=Plur 5 lost nsubj 4 never never ADV PronType=Neg 5 lost advmod 5 lost lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 5 lost obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 lost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose participle vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 not lose past the lost hikers hope vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hope=Eventuality
Example 8 I hope I passed my test, but I'll check my answers.
nsubj nsubj ccomp nmod:poss obj punct cc nsubj aux conj nmod:poss obj punct root I PRON hope VERB I PRON passed VERB my PRON test NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ I PRON 'll AUX check VERB my PRON answers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 hope nsubj 2 hope hope VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 passed nsubj 4 passed pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 hope ccomp 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 test nmod:poss 6 test test NOUN Number=Sing 4 passed obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 check punct 8 but but CCONJ _ 11 check cc 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 check nsubj 10 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 check aux 11 check check VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 hope conj 12 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 answers nmod:poss 13 answers answer NOUN Number=Plur 11 check obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 hope punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hope present I vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 pass past I my test vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme test=Trajectory 3 check future I my answers vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme 4 test my nom test «cognition transitive»: poss=agent 5 answer my nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 9 Hook was fighting now without hope.
nsubj aux advmod case obl punct root Hook NOUN was AUX fighting VERB now ADV without ADP hope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hook hook NOUN Number=Sing 3 fighting nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 fighting aux 3 fighting fight VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 now now ADV PronType=Dem 3 fighting advmod 5 without without ADP _ 6 hope case 6 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 3 fighting obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 fighting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fight past · progressive Hook now without hope vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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