hurling Who acts: Hurling, cousin, hurling team, He, waves, They · What happens: be, play, throw, mean, hurl, have · To what, where: fast Irish team sport, something, one, 15 players, stones, sea
«hurling» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hurling in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Hurling is a fast Irish team sport played with a wooden stick (a hurley) and a small ball (a sliotar).
The tree, 20 words nsubj cop det amod amod compound acl case det amod obl punct det appos punct cc det amod conj punct det appos punct punct root Hurling NOUN is AUX a DET fast ADJ Irish ADJ team NOUN sport NOUN played VERB with ADP a DET wooden ADJ stick NOUN ( PUNCT a DET hurley NOUN ) PUNCT and CCONJ a DET small ADJ ball NOUN ( PUNCT a DET sliotar NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hurling hurling NOUN Number=Sing 7 sport nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 sport cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 sport det 4 fast fast ADJ Degree=Pos 7 sport amod 5 Irish Irish ADJ Degree=Pos 7 sport amod 6 team team NOUN Number=Sing 7 sport compound 7 sport sport NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 played play VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 sport acl 9 with with ADP _ 12 stick case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 stick det 11 wooden wooden ADJ Degree=Pos 12 stick amod 12 stick stick NOUN Number=Sing 8 played obl 13 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 hurley punct 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 hurley det 15 hurley hurley NOUN Number=Sing 12 stick appos 16 ) ) PUNCT _ 15 hurley punct 17 and and CCONJ _ 20 ball cc 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 ball det 19 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 20 ball amod 20 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 12 stick conj 21 ( ( PUNCT _ 23 sliotar punct 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 sliotar det 23 sliotar sliotar NOUN Number=Sing 20 ball appos 24 ) ) PUNCT _ 23 sliotar punct 25 . . PUNCT _ 7 sport punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Hurling a fast Irish team sport tree rules 2 play participle a fast Irish team sport not said here with a wooden stick and a small ball vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with stick=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Hurling is throwing something hard and far, often angrily.
nsubj aux obj amod cc conj punct advmod advmod punct root Hurling NOUN is AUX throwing VERB something PRON hard ADJ and CCONJ far ADV , PUNCT often ADV angrily ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hurling hurling NOUN Number=Sing 3 throwing nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 throwing aux 3 throwing throw VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 throwing obj 5 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 4 something amod 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 far cc 7 far far ADV Degree=Pos 5 hard conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 angrily punct 9 often often ADV _ 10 angrily advmod 10 angrily angrily ADV _ 3 throwing advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 throwing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 throw present · progressive Hurling something angrily property vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
Hurling can mean being sick (vomiting).
nsubj aux cop xcomp punct conj punct punct root Hurling NOUN can AUX mean VERB being AUX sick ADJ ( PUNCT vomiting NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hurling hurling NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 sick cop 5 sick sick ADJ Degree=Pos 3 mean xcomp 6 ( ( PUNCT _ 7 vomiting punct 7 vomiting vomiting NOUN Number=Sing 5 sick conj 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 7 vomiting punct 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Hurling vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 is not said to happen gerund Hurling not said here sick property tree rules
Example 1 Hurling is one of the fastest field sports in the world.
nsubj cop case det amod compound nmod case det nmod punct root Hurling NOUN is AUX one NUM of ADP the DET fastest ADJ field NOUN sports NOUN in ADP the DET world NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hurling hurling NOUN Number=Sing 3 one nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 one cop 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 4 of of ADP _ 8 sports case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sports det 6 fastest fast ADJ Degree=Sup 8 sports amod 7 field field NOUN Number=Sing 8 sports compound 8 sports sport NOUN Number=Plur 3 one nmod 9 in in ADP _ 11 world case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 world det 11 world world NOUN Number=Sing 8 sports nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Hurling one of the fastest field sports in the world tree rules
Example 2 My cousin in Cork plays hurling.
nmod:poss nsubj case nmod xcomp punct root My PRON cousin NOUN in ADP Cork PROPN plays VERB hurling VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 cousin nmod:poss 2 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing 5 plays nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 4 Cork case 4 Cork Cork PROPN Number=Sing 2 cousin nmod 5 plays play VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 hurling hurl VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 plays xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 plays punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play present My cousin in Cork vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 hurl gerund My cousin in Cork not said here vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The hurling team has 15 players.
det compound nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET hurling NOUN team NOUN has VERB 15 NUM players NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 team det 2 hurling hurling NOUN Number=Sing 3 team compound 3 team team NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 players nummod 6 players player NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the hurling team 15 players vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent player=Patient
Example 4 He was hurling stones into the sea.
nsubj aux obj case det obl punct root He PRON was AUX hurling VERB stones NOUN into ADP the DET sea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 hurling nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 hurling aux 3 hurling hurl VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 stones stone NOUN Number=Plur 3 hurling obj 5 into into ADP _ 7 sea case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sea det 7 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 3 hurling obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 hurling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurl past · progressive He stones the sea vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent stone=Theme into sea=Destination
Example 5 The waves were hurling the boat around.
det nsubj aux det obj advmod punct root The DET waves NOUN were AUX hurling VERB the DET boat NOUN around ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 waves det 2 waves wave NOUN Number=Plur 4 hurling nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 hurling aux 4 hurling hurl VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 boat det 6 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 4 hurling obj 7 around around ADV _ 4 hurling advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 hurling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurl around past · progressive the waves the boat around property vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Theme
Example 6 They stopped hurling insults and shook hands.
nsubj xcomp obj cc conj obj punct root They PRON stopped VERB hurling VERB insults NOUN and CCONJ shook VERB hands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 stopped nsubj 2 stopped stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 hurling hurl VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 stopped xcomp 4 insults insult NOUN Number=Plur 3 hurling obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 shook cc 6 shook shake VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 stopped conj 7 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 6 shook obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 stopped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop past They vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 2 hurl gerund They not said here insults vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insult=Theme 3 shake past They not said here hands vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
Example 7 In hurling you can catch the ball with your hand.
mark advcl obj aux det obj case nmod:poss obl punct root In SCONJ hurling VERB you PRON can AUX catch VERB the DET ball NOUN with ADP your PRON hand NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in SCONJ _ 2 hurling mark 2 hurling hurl VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 catch advcl 3 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 hurling obj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 catch aux 5 catch catch VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 ball det 7 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 5 catch obj 8 with with ADP _ 10 hand case 9 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 hand nmod:poss 10 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 5 catch obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 catch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurl gerund you vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme 2 catch can the ball with your hand vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme
Example 8 After the ride he felt like hurling.
case det obl nsubj mark advcl punct root After ADP the DET ride NOUN he PRON felt VERB like SCONJ hurling VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 ride case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 ride det 3 ride ride NOUN Number=Sing 5 felt obl 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 felt nsubj 5 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 like like SCONJ _ 7 hurling mark 7 hurling hurl VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 felt advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel past he after the ride vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 2 hurl gerund he not said here vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 9 SISYPHUS was a great tyrant who, according to some accounts, barbarously murdered all travellers who came into his dominions, by hurling upon them enormous pieces of rock.
The tree, 27 words nsubj cop det amod nsubj punct case fixed det obl punct advmod acl:relcl det obj nsubj acl:relcl case nmod:poss obl punct mark advcl case obl amod obj case nmod punct root SISYPHUS PROPN was AUX a DET great ADJ tyrant NOUN who PRON , PUNCT according VERB to ADP some DET accounts NOUN , PUNCT barbarously ADV murdered VERB all DET travellers NOUN who PRON came VERB into ADP his PRON dominions NOUN , PUNCT by SCONJ hurling VERB upon ADP them PRON enormous ADJ pieces NOUN of ADP rock NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 SISYPHUS SISYPHUS PROPN Number=Sing 5 tyrant nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 tyrant cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 tyrant det 4 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 5 tyrant amod 5 tyrant tyrant NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 14 murdered nsubj 7 , , PUNCT _ 14 murdered punct 8 according accord VERB ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 accounts case 9 to to ADP _ 8 according fixed 10 some some DET PronType=Ind 11 accounts det 11 accounts account NOUN Number=Plur 14 murdered obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 murdered punct 13 barbarously barbarously ADV _ 14 murdered advmod 14 murdered murder VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 tyrant acl:relcl 15 all all DET PronType=Tot 16 travellers det 16 travellers traveller NOUN Number=Plur 14 murdered obj 17 who who PRON PronType=Rel 18 came nsubj 18 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 travellers acl:relcl 19 into into ADP _ 21 dominions case 20 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 21 dominions nmod:poss 21 dominions dominion NOUN Number=Plur 18 came obl 22 , , PUNCT _ 24 hurling punct 23 by by SCONJ _ 24 hurling mark 24 hurling hurl VERB VerbForm=Ger 18 came advcl 25 upon upon ADP _ 26 them case 26 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 24 hurling obl 27 enormous enormous ADJ Degree=Pos 28 pieces amod 28 pieces piece NOUN Number=Plur 24 hurling obj 29 of of ADP _ 30 rock case 30 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 28 pieces nmod 31 . . PUNCT _ 5 tyrant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past SISYPHUS a great tyrant tree rules 2 accord gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent 3 murder participle a great tyrant all travellers accord some accounts; barbarously property vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent traveller=Patient 4 come past all travellers SISYPHUS's dominions vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into dominion=Initial_Location 5 hurl gerund all travellers not said here enormous pieces of rock upon dominions = dominion vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent piece=Theme upon they=Destination
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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