hurt Who acts: you, I, head, words, Her, It · What happens: cause, feel, make, hurt, word, not hurt · To what, where: pain, someone, damage, knee, me, arm · Speech: someone speaks here
«hurt» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hurt in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To cause pain or injury to a body.
mark obj cc conj case det obl punct root To PART cause VERB pain NOUN or CCONJ injury NOUN to ADP a DET body NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cause mark 2 cause cause VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 pain pain NOUN Number=Sing 2 cause obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 injury cc 5 injury injury NOUN Number=Sing 3 pain conj 6 to to ADP _ 8 body case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 body det 8 body body NOUN Number=Sing 2 cause obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 cause punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause to-infinitive pain or injury to a body vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition pain=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"I hurt my knee."
punct nsubj nmod:poss obj punct punct root " PUNCT I PRON hurt VERB my PRON knee NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 hurt punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 hurt nsubj 3 hurt hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 knee nmod:poss 5 knee knee NOUN Number=Sing 3 hurt obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 hurt punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 3 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt in a quote past I my knee vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer knee=Patient
Meaning 2 To feel pain.
mark obj punct root To PART feel VERB pain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 feel mark 2 feel feel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 pain pain NOUN Number=Sing 2 feel obj 4 . . PUNCT _ 2 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel to-infinitive pain vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Theme
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"My head hurts."
punct nmod:poss nsubj punct punct root " PUNCT My PRON head NOUN hurts VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 hurts punct 2 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 head nmod:poss 3 head head NOUN Number=Sing 4 hurts nsubj 4 hurts hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 . . PUNCT _ 4 hurts punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 4 hurts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt in a quote present My head vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Meaning 3 To make someone feel sad or upset.
mark advcl obj xcomp cc conj punct root To PART make VERB someone PRON feel VERB sad ADJ or CCONJ upset ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 feel advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 make obj 4 feel feel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos 4 feel xcomp 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 upset cc 7 upset upset ADJ Degree=Pos 5 sad conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive you not said here someone vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset someone=Product 2 feel imperative you not said here sad property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"Her words hurt me."
punct nmod:poss nsubj obj punct punct root " PUNCT Her PRON words NOUN hurt VERB me PRON . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 hurt punct 2 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 words nmod:poss 3 words word NOUN Number=Plur 4 hurt nsubj 4 hurt hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 hurt obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 hurt punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 4 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt in a quote past Her words me vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer i=Patient 2 word in a quote Her = she nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 4 To cause damage or harm.
mark obj cc conj punct root To PART cause VERB damage NOUN or CCONJ harm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cause mark 2 cause cause VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 damage damage NOUN Number=Sing 2 cause obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 harm cc 5 harm harm NOUN Number=Sing 3 damage conj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 cause punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause to-infinitive damage or harm vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition damage=Patient
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"It won't hurt to ask."
punct nsubj aux advmod mark xcomp punct punct root " PUNCT It PRON wo AUX n't PART hurt VERB to PART ask VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 hurt punct 2 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 hurt nsubj 3 wo will AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 hurt aux 4 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 hurt advmod 5 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 to to PART _ 7 ask mark 7 ask ask VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 hurt xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 hurt punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 5 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not hurt in a quote future It tree rules 2 ask speech: ask in a quote to-infinitive vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 I fell and hurt my arm.
nsubj cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root I PRON fell VERB and CCONJ hurt VERB my PRON arm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 fell nsubj 2 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 hurt cc 4 hurt hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 fell conj 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 arm nmod:poss 6 arm arm NOUN Number=Sing 4 hurt obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 fell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall past I vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 hurt past I not said here my arm vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer arm=Patient
Example 2 My tummy hurts.
nmod:poss nsubj punct root My PRON tummy NOUN hurts VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 tummy nmod:poss 2 tummy tummy NOUN Number=Sing 3 hurts nsubj 3 hurts hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 . . PUNCT _ 3 hurts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt present My tummy vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Example 3 Be careful or you'll get hurt.
cop cc nsubj aux aux:pass conj punct root Be AUX careful ADJ or CCONJ you PRON 'll AUX get AUX hurt VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 2 careful cop 2 careful careful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 7 hurt cc 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 hurt nsubj 5 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 hurt aux 6 get get AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 hurt aux:pass 7 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 careful conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 careful punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is imperative you not said here careful property tree rules 2 hurt future · passive you vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 4 Mean words can hurt people's feelings.
amod nsubj aux nmod:poss case obj punct root Mean ADJ words NOUN can AUX hurt VERB people NOUN 's PART feelings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mean mean ADJ Degree=Pos 2 words amod 2 words word NOUN Number=Plur 4 hurt nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 hurt aux 4 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 people people NOUN Number=Plur 7 feelings nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 people case 7 feelings feeling NOUN Number=Plur 4 hurt obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt can Mean words people's feelings vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer feeling=Patient
Example 5 Never hurt an animal.
advmod det obj punct root Never ADV hurt VERB an DET animal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 hurt advmod 2 hurt hurt VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 animal det 4 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 2 hurt obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not hurt imperative you not said here a animal vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer animal=Patient
Example 6 Does it hurt when I press here?
aux nsubj mark nsubj advcl advmod punct root Does AUX it PRON hurt VERB when SCONJ I PRON press VERB here ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 hurt aux 2 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 hurt nsubj 3 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 when when SCONJ _ 6 press mark 5 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 press nsubj 6 press press VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 hurt advcl 7 here here ADV PronType=Dem 6 press advmod 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt present · do-support it vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus 2 press present I here vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
Example 7 It won't hurt to ask the teacher.
nsubj aux advmod mark advcl det obj punct root It PRON wo AUX n't PART hurt VERB to PART ask VERB the DET teacher NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 hurt nsubj 2 wo will AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 hurt aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 hurt advmod 4 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 ask mark 6 ask ask VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 hurt advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 teacher det 8 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 6 ask obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not hurt future It vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus 2 ask speech: ask to-infinitive the teacher vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent teacher=Recipient
Example 8 She felt hurt when nobody played with her.
nsubj xcomp advmod nsubj advcl case obl punct root She PRON felt VERB hurt VERB when ADV nobody PRON played VERB with ADP her PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 felt nsubj 2 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 felt xcomp 4 when when ADV PronType=Int 6 played advmod 5 nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 6 played nsubj 6 played play VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 felt advcl 7 with with ADP _ 8 her case 8 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 played obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel past She vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 hurt participle She not said here vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 3 play past nobody with her = she vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with she=Co-Agent
Example 9 "Does it hurt?" asked the Rabbit.
punct aux nsubj ccomp punct punct det obj punct root " PUNCT Does AUX it PRON hurt VERB ? PUNCT " PUNCT asked VERB the DET Rabbit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 hurt punct 2 Does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 hurt aux 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 hurt nsubj 4 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 asked ccomp 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 hurt punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 4 hurt punct 7 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Rabbit det 9 Rabbit rabbit NOUN Number=Sing 7 asked obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt in a quote present · do-support it vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus 2 ask speech: ask past the Rabbit vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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