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hurtful

Who acts: you, Calling, hurtful words, him, Her, joke · What happens: make, feel, call, be, cry, word · To what, where: someone, someone names, him, you, me, hurtful comments · Speech: someone speaks here

«hurtful» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hurtful in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Making someone feel upset or sad, usually because of unkind words or actions.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Making	make	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 feel	csubj
2	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Making	obj
3	feel	feel	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	upset	upset	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 feel	xcomp
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 sad	cc
6	sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 upset	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 words	punct
8	usually	usually	ADV	_	12 words	advmod
9	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	12 words	case
10	of	of	ADP	_	9 because	fixed
11	unkind	unkind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 words	amod
12	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 feel	obl
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 actions	cc
14	actions	action	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 words	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 feel	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	gerund		someone					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset someone=Product
2	feel	imperative	you not said here					because unkind words or actions; upset property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

Calling someone names is hurtful.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Calling	call	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 hurtful	csubj
2	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 names	compound
3	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Calling	obj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 hurtful	cop
5	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 hurtful	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	gerund		someone names					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent name=Recipient
2	is	present	Calling					hurtful property	tree rules

Example 2

Her hurtful words made him cry.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 words	nmod:poss
2	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 words	amod
3	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 made	nsubj
4	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 made	obj
6	cry	cry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 made	xcomp
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	Her hurtful words	him = he					tree rules
2	cry speech: express	infinitive	him = he not said here						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	word		Her = she						nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 3

That joke was funny to you, but hurtful to me.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 joke	det
2	joke	joke	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 funny	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 funny	cop
4	funny	funny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 you	case
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 funny	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 hurtful	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 hurtful	cc
9	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 funny	conj
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 me	case
11	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 hurtful	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 funny	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	that joke		you			funny property	tree rules
2	be		that joke not said here		me				tree rules

Example 4

Think before you post hurtful comments online.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Think	think	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	before	before	SCONJ	_	4 post	mark
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 post	nsubj
4	post	post	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Think	advcl
5	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 comments	amod
6	comments	comment	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 post	obj
7	online	online	ADV	_	4 post	advmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Think	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	imperative	you not said here						vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	post	present	you	hurtful comments				online property	vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent comment=Theme

Example 5

It was hurtful when they did not invite me.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hurtful	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 hurtful	cop
3	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	when	when	SCONJ	_	8 invite	mark
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 invite	nsubj
6	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 invite	aux
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 invite	advmod
8	invite	invite	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 hurtful	advcl
9	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 invite	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 hurtful	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	It					hurtful property	tree rules
2	not invite	past · do-support	they		me				vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient

Example 6

He said sorry for being so hurtful.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 said	nsubj
2	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sorry	sorry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 said	xcomp
4	for	for	ADP	_	7 hurtful	case
5	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 hurtful	cop
6	so	so	ADV	_	7 hurtful	advmod
7	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sorry	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: apologize	past	He					sorry property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	gerund						hurtful property	tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/hurtful/