illumination Who acts: illuminations, room, talk, Her, illumination, We · What happens: light up, use, decorate, explain, paint, need · To what, where: place, town, something, better illumination, illumination, us
«illumination» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: illumination in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Light, or lighting up a place.
punct cc conj compound:prt det obj punct root Light NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ lighting VERB up ADP a DET place NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Light light NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 4 lighting punct 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 lighting cc 4 lighting light VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Light conj 5 up up ADP _ 4 lighting compound:prt 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 place det 7 place place NOUN Number=Sing 4 lighting obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Light punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 light up gerund a place vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
The room needs better illumination.
det nsubj amod obj punct root The DET room NOUN needs VERB better ADJ illumination NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 room det 2 room room NOUN Number=Sing 3 needs nsubj 3 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 illumination amod 5 illumination illumination NOUN Number=Sing 3 needs obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 needs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present the room better illumination vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot illumination=Theme
Meaning 2 illuminations (UK) = coloured lights used to decorate a town or seaside: the Blackpool Illuminations.
The tree, 15 words nsubj punct appos punct cc amod conj mark xcomp det obj cc conj punct det compound conj punct root illuminations NOUN ( PUNCT UK PROPN ) PUNCT = SYM coloured ADJ lights NOUN used VERB to PART decorate VERB a DET town NOUN or CCONJ seaside NOUN : PUNCT the DET Blackpool PROPN Illuminations NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 illuminations illumination NOUN Number=Plur 8 used nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 UK punct 3 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 1 illuminations appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 UK punct 5 = = SYM _ 7 lights cc 6 coloured coloured ADJ Degree=Pos 7 lights amod 7 lights light NOUN Number=Plur 1 illuminations conj 8 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 to to PART _ 10 decorate mark 10 decorate decorate VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 used xcomp 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 town det 12 town town NOUN Number=Sing 10 decorate obj 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 seaside cc 14 seaside seaside NOUN Number=Sing 12 town conj 15 : : PUNCT _ 18 Illuminations punct 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 Illuminations det 17 Blackpool Blackpool PROPN Number=Sing 18 Illuminations compound 18 Illuminations illumination NOUN Number=Plur 12 town conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 8 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past illuminations = coloured lights vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 decorate to-infinitive illuminations = coloured lights not said here a town or seaside and the Blackpool Illuminations vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent town=Destination
Meaning 3 Understanding or explaining something.
cc conj obj punct root Understanding NOUN or CCONJ explaining VERB something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Understanding understanding NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 or or CCONJ _ 3 explaining cc 3 explaining explain VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Understanding conj 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 explaining obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 1 Understanding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 explain speech: assert gerund something vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
Her talk gave us some illumination.
nmod:poss nsubj iobj det obj punct root Her PRON talk NOUN gave VERB us PRON some DET illumination NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 talk nmod:poss 2 talk talk NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 gave iobj 5 some some DET PronType=Ind 6 illumination det 6 illumination illumination NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past Her talk some illumination us vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient illumination=Theme 2 talk Her = she nom talk «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 4 A painted, coloured picture or letter in an old handwritten book.
det amod punct amod cc conj case det amod amod nmod punct root A DET painted VERB , PUNCT coloured ADJ picture NOUN or CCONJ letter NOUN in ADP an DET old ADJ handwritten ADJ book NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 picture det 2 painted paint VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 picture amod 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 picture punct 4 coloured coloured ADJ Degree=Pos 5 picture amod 5 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 letter cc 7 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 5 picture conj 8 in in ADP _ 12 book case 9 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 book det 10 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 12 book amod 11 handwritten handwritten ADJ Degree=Pos 12 book amod 12 book book NOUN Number=Sing 7 letter nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 picture punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 paint participle vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The illumination in the hall was too dim to read.
det nsubj case det nmod cop advmod mark xcomp punct root The DET illumination NOUN in ADP the DET hall NOUN was AUX too ADV dim ADJ to PART read VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 illumination det 2 illumination illumination NOUN Number=Sing 8 dim nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 5 hall case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 hall det 5 hall hall NOUN Number=Sing 2 illumination nmod 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 dim cop 7 too too ADV _ 8 dim advmod 8 dim dim ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 to to PART _ 10 read mark 10 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 dim xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 dim punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the illumination in the hall dim property tree rules 2 read to-infinitive the illumination in the hall not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 We drove along the seafront to see the illuminations.
nsubj case det obl mark advcl det obj punct root We PRON drove VERB along ADP the DET seafront NOUN to PART see VERB the DET illuminations NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 drove nsubj 2 drove drive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 along along ADP _ 5 seafront case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 seafront det 5 seafront seafront NOUN Number=Sing 2 drove obl 6 to to PART _ 7 see mark 7 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 drove advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 illuminations det 9 illuminations illumination NOUN Number=Plur 7 see obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 drove punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drive past We the seafront vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent along seafront=Trajectory 2 see to-infinitive We not said here the illuminations vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer illumination=Stimulus
Example 3 The old book had golden illuminations.
det amod nsubj amod obj punct root The DET old ADJ book NOUN had VERB golden ADJ illuminations NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 book det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 book amod 3 book book NOUN Number=Sing 4 had nsubj 4 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 golden golden ADJ Degree=Pos 6 illuminations amod 6 illuminations illumination NOUN Number=Plur 4 had obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the old book golden illuminations vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent illumination=Patient
Example 4 His explanation brought illumination to a hard problem.
nmod:poss nsubj obj case det amod obl punct root His PRON explanation NOUN brought VERB illumination NOUN to ADP a DET hard ADJ problem NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 explanation nmod:poss 2 explanation explanation NOUN Number=Sing 3 brought nsubj 3 brought bring VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 illumination illumination NOUN Number=Sing 3 brought obj 5 to to ADP _ 8 problem case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 problem det 7 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 8 problem amod 8 problem problem NOUN Number=Sing 3 brought obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 brought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bring past His explanation illumination a hard problem vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent illumination=Theme to problem=Destination 2 explain His = he nom explanation «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 Plants need good illumination to grow.
nsubj amod obj mark acl punct root Plants NOUN need VERB good ADJ illumination NOUN to PART grow VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 need nsubj 2 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 4 illumination amod 4 illumination illumination NOUN Number=Sing 2 need obj 5 to to PART _ 6 grow mark 6 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 illumination acl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present Plants good illumination vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot illumination=Theme 2 grow to-infinitive Plants not said here good illumination not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Street lamps give illumination at night.
compound nsubj obj case obl punct root Street NOUN lamps NOUN give VERB illumination NOUN at ADP night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Street street NOUN Number=Sing 2 lamps compound 2 lamps lamp NOUN Number=Plur 3 give nsubj 3 give give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 illumination illumination NOUN Number=Sing 3 give obj 5 at at ADP _ 6 night case 6 night night NOUN Number=Sing 3 give obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present Street lamps illumination night vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent illumination=Theme
Example 7 Nor was illumination wanting in this fairy-like region, which at night was lit up by the glow-worms of the deep.
The tree, 22 words compound cop acl case det compound punct amod obl punct nsubj:pass case obl aux:pass acl compound:prt case det compound punct obl case det nmod punct root Nor PROPN was AUX illumination NOUN wanting VERB in ADP this DET fairy NOUN - PUNCT like ADJ region NOUN , PUNCT which PRON at ADP night NOUN was AUX lit VERB up ADP by ADP the DET glow NOUN - PUNCT worms NOUN of ADP the DET deep ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nor Nor PROPN Number=Sing 3 illumination compound 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 illumination cop 3 illumination illumination NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 wanting want VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 illumination acl 5 in in ADP _ 10 region case 6 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 10 region det 7 fairy fairy NOUN Number=Sing 9 like compound 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 fairy punct 9 like like ADJ Degree=Pos 10 region amod 10 region region NOUN Number=Sing 4 wanting obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 16 lit punct 12 which which PRON PronType=Rel 16 lit nsubj:pass 13 at at ADP _ 14 night case 14 night night NOUN Number=Sing 16 lit obl 15 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 lit aux:pass 16 lit lit VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 region acl 17 up up ADP _ 16 lit compound:prt 18 by by ADP _ 22 worms case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 worms det 20 glow glow NOUN Number=Sing 22 worms compound 21 - - PUNCT _ 20 glow punct 22 worms worm NOUN Number=Plur 16 lit obl 23 of of ADP _ 25 deep case 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 deep det 25 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 22 worms nmod 26 . . PUNCT _ 3 illumination punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Nor illumination tree rules 2 want gerund Nor illumination not said here this like region vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 3 lit up past · passive the glow worms of the deep this like region night tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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