impairment Who acts: impairment, that, friend, Braille, Ramps, Alcohol · What happens: be, make, work, hear, damage, weaken · To what, where: problem, impairment, state, hearing impairment, hearing aids, people
«impairment» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: impairment in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An impairment is a problem with part of the body or mind that makes it work less well, as in «hearing impairment» or «visual impairment».
The tree, 25 words det nsubj cop det case nmod case det nmod cc conj nsubj parataxis obj xcomp advmod advmod punct mark mark punct advcl obj punct cc punct amod conj punct punct root An DET impairment NOUN is AUX a DET problem NOUN with ADP part NOUN of ADP the DET body NOUN or CCONJ mind NOUN that PRON makes VERB it PRON work VERB less ADV well ADV , PUNCT as SCONJ in SCONJ « PUNCT hearing VERB impairment NOUN » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT visual ADJ impairment NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 impairment det 2 impairment impairment NOUN Number=Sing 5 problem nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 problem cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 problem det 5 problem problem NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 with with ADP _ 7 part case 7 part part NOUN Number=Sing 5 problem nmod 8 of of ADP _ 10 body case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 body det 10 body body NOUN Number=Sing 7 part nmod 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 mind cc 12 mind mind NOUN Number=Sing 7 part conj 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 makes nsubj 14 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 problem parataxis 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 makes obj 16 work work VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 makes xcomp 17 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 18 well advmod 18 well well ADV Degree=Pos 16 work advmod 19 , , PUNCT _ 23 hearing punct 20 as as SCONJ _ 23 hearing mark 21 in in SCONJ _ 23 hearing mark 22 « « PUNCT _ 23 hearing punct 23 hearing hear VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 16 work advcl 24 impairment impairment NOUN Number=Sing 23 hearing obj 25 » » PUNCT _ 24 impairment punct 26 or or CCONJ _ 29 impairment cc 27 « « PUNCT _ 29 impairment punct 28 visual visual ADJ Degree=Pos 29 impairment amod 29 impairment impairment NOUN Number=Sing 24 impairment conj 30 » » PUNCT _ 29 impairment punct 31 . . PUNCT _ 5 problem punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a impairment a problem with part of the body or mind tree rules 2 make present that impairment tree rules 3 work infinitive impairment not said here well property vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 hear in a quote gerund impairment not said here impairment or visual impairment vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer impairment=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Impairment is the state of being damaged or weakened.
nsubj cop det mark aux:pass acl cc conj punct root Impairment NOUN is AUX the DET state NOUN of SCONJ being AUX damaged VERB or CCONJ weakened VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Impairment impairment NOUN Number=Sing 4 state nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 state cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 state det 4 state state NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of SCONJ _ 7 damaged mark 6 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 damaged aux:pass 7 damaged damage VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 state acl 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 weakened cc 9 weakened weaken VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 damaged conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 state punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Impairment the state tree rules 2 damage gerund · passive the state not said here vn destroy-44 «NP V NP» 3 weaken participle vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 1 My friend has a hearing impairment and uses hearing aids.
nmod:poss nsubj det compound obj cc conj compound obj punct root My PRON friend NOUN has VERB a DET hearing NOUN impairment NOUN and CCONJ uses VERB hearing NOUN aids NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friend nmod:poss 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 impairment det 5 hearing hearing NOUN Number=Sing 6 impairment compound 6 impairment impairment NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 uses cc 8 uses use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 has conj 9 hearing hearing NOUN Number=Sing 10 aids compound 10 aids aid NOUN Number=Plur 8 uses obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present My friend a hearing impairment vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent impairment=Patient 2 use present My friend not said here hearing aids vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aid=Patient
Example 2 Braille helps people with a visual impairment to read.
nsubj obj case det amod obl mark advcl punct root Braille NOUN helps VERB people NOUN with ADP a DET visual ADJ impairment NOUN to PART read VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Braille braille NOUN Number=Sing 2 helps nsubj 2 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 people people NOUN Number=Plur 2 helps obj 4 with with ADP _ 7 impairment case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 impairment det 6 visual visual ADJ Degree=Pos 7 impairment amod 7 impairment impairment NOUN Number=Sing 2 helps obl 8 to to PART _ 9 read mark 9 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 helps advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Braille people with a visual impairment vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent people=Beneficiary with impairment=Theme 2 read to-infinitive Braille not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 Some impairments cannot be seen.
det nsubj:pass aux advmod aux:pass punct root Some DET impairments NOUN can AUX not PART be AUX seen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 impairments det 2 impairments impairment NOUN Number=Plur 6 seen nsubj:pass 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 seen aux 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 seen advmod 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 seen aux:pass 6 seen see VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 seen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not see can · passive some impairments vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus
Example 4 Ramps help people with mobility impairments.
nsubj obj case compound obl punct root Ramps NOUN help VERB people NOUN with ADP mobility NOUN impairments NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ramps ramp NOUN Number=Plur 2 help nsubj 2 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 people people NOUN Number=Plur 2 help obj 4 with with ADP _ 6 impairments case 5 mobility mobility NOUN Number=Sing 6 impairments compound 6 impairments impairment NOUN Number=Plur 2 help obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Ramps people with mobility impairments vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent people=Beneficiary with impairment=Theme
Example 5 Alcohol causes impairment of judgement (for adults).
nsubj obj case nmod punct case appos punct punct root Alcohol NOUN causes VERB impairment NOUN of ADP judgement NOUN ( PUNCT for ADP adults NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Alcohol alcohol NOUN Number=Sing 2 causes nsubj 2 causes cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 impairment impairment NOUN Number=Sing 2 causes obj 4 of of ADP _ 5 judgement case 5 judgement judgement NOUN Number=Sing 3 impairment nmod 6 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 adults punct 7 for for ADP _ 8 adults case 8 adults adult NOUN Number=Plur 5 judgement appos 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 adults punct 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 causes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause present Alcohol impairment of judgement vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition impairment=Patient 2 impair judgement nom impairment «event transitive»: of=patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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