impudence
Who acts: Impudence, rude behaviour, king, servants · What happens: be, show, warn, punish, treat · To what, where: rude behaviour, respect, him, impudence, her · Speech: someone speaks here
«impudence» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: impudence in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
Impudence is rude behaviour that shows no respect, especially cheek towards someone older or in charge.
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Impudence | impudence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 behaviour | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 behaviour | cop |
| 3 | rude | rude | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 behaviour | amod |
| 4 | behaviour | behaviour | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 shows | nsubj |
| 6 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 behaviour | acl:relcl |
| 7 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 8 respect | det |
| 8 | respect | respect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 shows | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 cheek | punct |
| 10 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 11 cheek | advmod |
| 11 | cheek | cheek | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 respect | conj |
| 12 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 13 someone | case |
| 13 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 11 cheek | nmod |
| 14 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 13 someone | amod |
| 15 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 charge | cc |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 charge | case |
| 17 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 older | conj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 behaviour | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Impudence | rude behaviour | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | show | present | rude behaviour | no respect and cheek towards someone | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent respect=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1
The king warned him that impudence would be punished.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 king | det |
| 2 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 warned | nsubj |
| 3 | warned | warn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 warned | obj |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 punished | mark |
| 6 | impudence | impudence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 punished | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 punished | aux |
| 8 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 9 punished | aux:pass |
| 9 | punished | punish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 warned | ccomp |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 warned | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | warn speech: warn | past | the king | him = he | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient that S»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | punish | would · passive | impudence | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
Example 2
Pinocchio's impudence annoyed the wise old Cricket.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pinocchio | Pinocchio | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 impudence | nmod:poss |
| 2 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 1 Pinocchio | case |
| 3 | impudence | impudence | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | annoyed | annoyed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 impudence | amod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Cricket | det |
| 6 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 Cricket | amod |
| 7 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 Cricket | amod |
| 8 | Cricket | cricket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 annoyed | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 impudence | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3
The servants treated her with impudence.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 servants | det |
| 2 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 treated | nsubj |
| 3 | treated | treat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 treated | obj |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 impudence | case |
| 6 | impudence | impudence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 treated | obl |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 treated | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | treat | past | the servants | her = she | with impudence | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient with impudence=Theme |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/I/impudence/