incredulity Who acts: that, She, face, class, teacher, octopuses · What happens: not be, believe, think, stare, show, hear · To what, where: something, pure incredulity, three hearts, homework, news, mammal · Speech: someone speaks here
«incredulity» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: incredulity in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Not being able to believe something; great surprise and disbelief.
advmod cop mark xcomp obj punct amod appos cc conj punct root Not PART being AUX able ADJ to PART believe VERB something PRON ; PUNCT great ADJ surprise NOUN and CCONJ disbelief NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Not not PART Polarity=Neg 3 able advmod 2 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 able cop 3 able able ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to PART _ 5 believe mark 5 believe believe VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 able xcomp 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 believe obj 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 surprise punct 8 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 9 surprise amod 9 surprise surprise NOUN Number=Sing 6 something appos 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 disbelief cc 11 disbelief disbelief NOUN Number=Sing 9 surprise conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 able punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is gerund able property tree rules 2 believe to-infinitive something vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The look or feeling of someone who thinks «that can't be true!».
The tree, 13 words det cc conj case nmod nsubj acl:relcl punct nsubj aux advmod cop ccomp punct punct punct root The DET look NOUN or CCONJ feeling NOUN of ADP someone PRON who PRON thinks VERB « PUNCT that PRON ca AUX n't PART be AUX true ADJ ! PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 look det 2 look look NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 feeling cc 4 feeling feeling NOUN Number=Sing 2 look conj 5 of of ADP _ 6 someone case 6 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 feeling nmod 7 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 thinks nsubj 8 thinks think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 someone acl:relcl 9 « « PUNCT _ 14 true punct 10 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 14 true nsubj 11 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 true aux 12 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 14 true advmod 13 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 14 true cop 14 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 8 thinks ccomp 15 ! ! PUNCT _ 14 true punct 16 » » PUNCT _ 14 true punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 look punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other present vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 not is in a quote can that true property tree rules
Example 1 She stared at the huge pumpkin in incredulity.
nsubj case det amod obl case nmod punct root She PRON stared VERB at ADP the DET huge ADJ pumpkin NOUN in ADP incredulity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 stared nsubj 2 stared stare VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 6 pumpkin case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 pumpkin det 5 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 6 pumpkin amod 6 pumpkin pumpkin NOUN Number=Sing 2 stared obl 7 in in ADP _ 8 incredulity case 8 incredulity incredulity NOUN Number=Sing 6 pumpkin nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 stared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stare past She at the huge pumpkin in incredulity vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at pumpkin=Theme
Example 2 His face showed pure incredulity when he heard he had won.
nmod:poss nsubj amod obj advmod nsubj advcl nsubj aux ccomp punct root His PRON face NOUN showed VERB pure ADJ incredulity NOUN when ADV he PRON heard VERB he PRON had AUX won VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 face nmod:poss 2 face face NOUN Number=Sing 3 showed nsubj 3 showed show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 pure pure ADJ Degree=Pos 5 incredulity amod 5 incredulity incredulity NOUN Number=Sing 3 showed obj 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 heard advmod 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 heard nsubj 8 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 showed advcl 9 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 won nsubj 10 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 won aux 11 won win VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 8 heard ccomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 showed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show past His face pure incredulity vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent incredulity=Recipient 2 hear past face vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 3 win past · perfect face vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The class listened with incredulity as the teacher said octopuses have three hearts.
det nsubj case obl mark det nsubj advcl nsubj ccomp nummod obj punct root The DET class NOUN listened VERB with ADP incredulity NOUN as SCONJ the DET teacher NOUN said VERB octopuses NOUN have VERB three NUM hearts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 class det 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 listened nsubj 3 listened listen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 with with ADP _ 5 incredulity case 5 incredulity incredulity NOUN Number=Sing 3 listened obl 6 as as SCONJ _ 9 said mark 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 teacher det 8 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 9 said nsubj 9 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 listened advcl 10 octopuses octopus NOUN Number=Plur 11 have nsubj 11 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 said ccomp 12 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 13 hearts nummod 13 hearts heart NOUN Number=Plur 11 have obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 listened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 listen past the class with incredulity vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent 2 say speech: assert past the teacher vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 have present octopuses three hearts vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient
Example 4 «You did all your homework?» Mum asked with incredulity.
Sentence 1: «You did all your homework?»
punct nsubj det:predet nmod:poss obj punct punct root « PUNCT You PRON did VERB all DET your PRON homework NOUN ? PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 did punct 2 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 did nsubj 3 did do VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 homework det:predet 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 homework nmod:poss 6 homework homework NOUN Number=Sing 3 did obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 did punct 8 » » PUNCT _ 3 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do in a quote past You your homework vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality
Sentence 2: Mum asked with incredulity.
nsubj case obl punct root Mum NOUN asked VERB with ADP incredulity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 asked nsubj 2 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 4 incredulity case 4 incredulity incredulity NOUN Number=Sing 2 asked obl 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask past Mum with incredulity vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 The news was met with incredulity.
det nsubj aux:pass case obl punct root The DET news NOUN was AUX met VERB with ADP incredulity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 news det 2 news news NOUN Number=Sing 4 met nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 met aux:pass 4 met meet VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 incredulity case 6 incredulity incredulity NOUN Number=Sing 4 met obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 met punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 meet past · passive the news with incredulity vn satisfy-55.7 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Theme with incredulity=Instrument
Example 6 «A whale is a mammal, not a fish?» he said with incredulity.
The tree, 12 words punct det nsubj cop det nsubj punct advmod det nmod punct punct nsubj case obl punct root « PUNCT A DET whale NOUN is AUX a DET mammal NOUN , PUNCT not PART a DET fish NOUN ? PUNCT » PUNCT he PRON said VERB with ADP incredulity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 6 mammal punct 2 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 whale det 3 whale whale NOUN Number=Sing 6 mammal nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 mammal cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 mammal det 6 mammal mammal NOUN Number=Sing 14 said nsubj 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 fish punct 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 fish advmod 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 fish det 10 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 6 mammal nmod 11 ? ? PUNCT _ 10 fish punct 12 » » PUNCT _ 10 fish punct 13 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 said nsubj 14 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 15 with with ADP _ 16 incredulity case 16 incredulity incredulity NOUN Number=Sing 14 said obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 14 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present a whale a mammal a fish nmod tree rules 2 say speech: ask past a mammal with incredulity vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent with incredulity=Manner
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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