indaba

Who acts: chiefs, animals, government, Everyone, indaba, That · What happens: discuss, hold, settle, meet, gather, call · To what, where: something, indaba, dispute, Scout leaders, international indaba, water shortages · Speech: someone speaks here

«indaba» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: indaba in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: South Africa — kept apart, not parsed.

An important meeting or conference to discuss something, originally a gathering of Zulu or Xhosa people.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 meeting	det
2	important	important	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 meeting	amod
3	meeting	meeting	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 conference	cc
5	conference	conference	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 meeting	conj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 discuss	mark
7	discuss	discuss	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 meeting	acl
8	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	7 discuss	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 gathering	punct
10	originally	originally	ADV	_	12 gathering	advmod
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 gathering	det
12	gathering	gathering	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 meeting	conj
13	of	of	ADP	_	17 people	case
14	Zulu	Zulu	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 people	compound
15	or	or	CCONJ	_	16 Xhosa	cc
16	Xhosa	Xhosa	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 Zulu	conj
17	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 gathering	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 meeting	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	discuss speech: other	to-infinitive		something					vn chit_chat-37.6-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: Scouts — kept apart, not parsed.

A large meeting of Scout leaders.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 meeting	det
2	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 meeting	amod
3	meeting	meeting	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 leaders	case
5	Scout	Scout	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 leaders	compound
6	leaders	leader	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 meeting	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 meeting	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

The chiefs held an indaba to settle the dispute.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 chiefs	det
2	chiefs	chief	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 held	nsubj
3	held	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 indaba	det
5	indaba	indaba	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 held	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 settle	mark
7	settle	settle	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 indaba	acl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 dispute	det
9	dispute	dispute	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 settle	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 held	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	past	the chiefs	a indaba					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent indaba=Theme
2	settle	to-infinitive	the chiefs not said here	the dispute					vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme dispute=Location

Example 2

The Scout leaders met at an international indaba.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 leaders	det
2	Scout	scout	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 leaders	compound
3	leaders	leader	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	met	meet	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 leaders	acl
5	at	at	ADP	_	8 indaba	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 indaba	det
7	international	international	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 indaba	amod
8	indaba	indaba	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 met	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 leaders	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	meet	participle		the Scout leaders not said here		a international indaba			vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 3

The animals gathered for a great indaba.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animals	det
2	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 gathered	nsubj
3	gathered	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	7 indaba	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 indaba	det
6	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 indaba	amod
7	indaba	indaba	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gathered	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gathered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gather	past	the animals					for a great indaba	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for indaba=Beneficiary

Example 4

The government called an indaba on water shortages.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 government	det
2	government	government	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 called	nsubj
3	called	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 indaba	det
5	indaba	indaba	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 called	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 shortages	case
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shortages	compound
8	shortages	shortage	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 called	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 called	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	past	the government	a indaba		water shortages			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent indaba=Recipient

Example 5

Everyone had a say at the indaba.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 say	det
4	say	say	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 indaba	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 indaba	det
7	indaba	indaba	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	Everyone	a say		the indaba			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent say=Patient

Example 6

In South Africa «indaba» can also mean «my business»: «That's your indaba!»

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 Africa	case
2	South	South	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Africa	compound
3	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 mean	obl
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 indaba	punct
5	indaba	indaba	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mean	nsubj
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 indaba	punct
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 mean	aux
8	also	also	ADV	_	9 mean	advmod
9	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 business	punct
11	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 business	nmod:poss
12	business	business	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mean	obj
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 business	punct
14	:	:	PUNCT	_	19 indaba	punct
15	«	«	PUNCT	_	19 indaba	punct
16	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	19 indaba	nsubj
17	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 indaba	cop
18	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 indaba	nmod:poss
19	indaba	indaba	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mean	parataxis
20	!	!	PUNCT	_	9 mean	punct
21	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	can	indaba	my business		South Africa			tree rules
2	is a in a quote	present	That	your indaba					tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/I/indaba/