independent Who acts: country, you, independent person, party, little brother, USA · What happens: do, need, rule, not control, not connect, control · To what, where: things, help, others, country, variable thing, purpose
«independent» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: independent in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Able to do things for yourself without needing help from others.
mark xcomp obj case obl mark advcl obj case obl punct root Able ADJ to PART do VERB things NOUN for ADP yourself PRON without SCONJ needing VERB help NOUN from ADP others NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Able able ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 to to PART _ 3 do mark 3 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Able xcomp 4 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 3 do obj 5 for for ADP _ 6 yourself case 6 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 3 do obl 7 without without SCONJ _ 8 needing mark 8 needing need VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 do advcl 9 help help NOUN Number=Sing 8 needing obj 10 from from ADP _ 11 others case 11 others other NOUN Number=Plur 8 needing obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Able punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do to-infinitive things for yourself vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality 2 need gerund help others vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot help=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Of a country: ruling itself, not controlled by another country.
case det punct acl obj punct advmod advcl case det obl punct root Of ADP a DET country NOUN : PUNCT ruling VERB itself PRON , PUNCT not PART controlled VERB by ADP another DET country NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Of of ADP _ 3 country case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 country det 3 country country NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 : : PUNCT _ 5 ruling punct 5 ruling rule VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 country acl 6 itself itself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 5 ruling obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 controlled punct 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 controlled advmod 9 controlled control VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 ruling advcl 10 by by ADP _ 12 country case 11 another another DET PronType=Ind 12 country det 12 country country NOUN Number=Sing 9 controlled obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 country punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rule gerund a country not said here country vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Theme 2 not control participle a country not said here by another country vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Not connected with or controlled by something else: «an independent school», «an independent shop».
The tree, 14 words advmod obl cc conj case obl advmod punct punct det amod appos punct punct punct det amod appos punct punct root Not PART connected VERB with ADP or CCONJ controlled VERB by ADP something PRON else ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT an DET independent ADJ school NOUN » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT an DET independent ADJ shop NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Not not PART Polarity=Neg 2 connected advmod 2 connected connect VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 3 with with ADP _ 2 connected obl 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 controlled cc 5 controlled control VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 connected conj 6 by by ADP _ 7 something case 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 controlled obl 8 else else ADV _ 7 something advmod 9 : : PUNCT _ 13 school punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 13 school punct 11 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 school det 12 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 13 school amod 13 school school NOUN Number=Sing 7 something appos 14 » » PUNCT _ 13 school punct 15 , , PUNCT _ 19 shop punct 16 « « PUNCT _ 19 shop punct 17 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 shop det 18 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 19 shop amod 19 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 7 something appos 20 » » PUNCT _ 19 shop punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 2 connected punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not connect participle vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient 2 control participle by something vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 Usage: maths/science — kept apart, not parsed.
An «independent variable» is the thing you change on purpose in an experiment.
The tree, 13 words det punct amod amod punct cop det nsubj acl:relcl case obl case det obl punct root An DET « PUNCT independent ADJ variable ADJ » PUNCT is AUX the DET thing NOUN you PRON change VERB on ADP purpose NOUN in ADP an DET experiment NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 thing det 2 « « PUNCT _ 4 variable punct 3 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 4 variable amod 4 variable variable ADJ Degree=Pos 8 thing amod 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 variable punct 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 thing cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 thing det 8 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 change nsubj 10 change change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 thing acl:relcl 11 on on ADP _ 12 purpose case 12 purpose purpose NOUN Number=Sing 10 change obl 13 in in ADP _ 15 experiment case 14 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 experiment det 15 experiment experiment NOUN Number=Sing 10 change obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 8 thing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a variable thing tree rules 2 change present you a variable thing not said here purpose in a experiment vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient
Meaning 5 An independent is a person who does not belong to any party or group and makes up their own mind.
The tree, 20 words det amod cop det nsubj nsubj aux advmod case det obl cc conj cc conj compound:prt nmod:poss amod obj punct root An DET independent ADJ is AUX a DET person NOUN who PRON does AUX not PART belong VERB to ADP any DET party NOUN or CCONJ group NOUN and CCONJ makes VERB up ADP their PRON own ADJ mind NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 independent det 2 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 5 person amod 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing 9 belong nsubj 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 9 belong nsubj 7 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 belong aux 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 belong advmod 9 belong belong VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 10 to to ADP _ 12 party case 11 any any DET PronType=Ind 12 party det 12 party party NOUN Number=Sing 9 belong obl 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 group cc 14 group group NOUN Number=Sing 12 party conj 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 makes cc 16 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 belong conj 17 up up ADP _ 16 makes compound:prt 18 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 20 mind nmod:poss 19 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 20 mind amod 20 mind mind NOUN Number=Sing 16 makes obj 21 . . PUNCT _ 9 belong punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a independent person tree rules 2 not belong present · do-support a independent person to any party or group vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme 3 make up present a independent person not said here party's own mind vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mind=Pivot 4 mind party nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 My little brother wants to be independent and tie his own shoes.
nmod:poss amod nsubj mark cop xcomp cc conj nmod:poss amod obj punct root My PRON little ADJ brother NOUN wants VERB to PART be AUX independent ADJ and CCONJ tie VERB his PRON own ADJ shoes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 brother nmod:poss 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 brother amod 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 4 wants nsubj 4 wants want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 7 independent mark 6 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 independent cop 7 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 4 wants xcomp 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 tie cc 9 tie tie VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 independent conj 10 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 shoes nmod:poss 11 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 12 shoes amod 12 shoes shoe NOUN Number=Plur 9 tie obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 wants punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present My little brother vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Pivot 2 is not said to happen to-infinitive My little brother not said here independent property tree rules 3 tie infinitive My little brother not said here brother's own shoes vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Patient
Example 2 The USA became independent from Britain after a war long ago.
det nsubj xcomp case obl case det obl advmod advmod punct root The DET USA PROPN became VERB independent ADJ from ADP Britain PROPN after ADP a DET war NOUN long ADV ago ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 USA det 2 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 3 became nsubj 3 became become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 3 became xcomp 5 from from ADP _ 6 Britain case 6 Britain Britain PROPN Number=Sing 4 independent obl 7 after after ADP _ 9 war case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 war det 9 war war NOUN Number=Sing 3 became obl 10 long long ADV Degree=Pos 11 ago advmod 11 ago ago ADV _ 3 became advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 became punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 become past the USA after a war ago, independent property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Example 3 She goes to an independent school.
nsubj case det amod obl punct root She PRON goes VERB to ADP an DET independent ADJ school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 goes nsubj 2 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to ADP _ 6 school case 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 school det 5 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 6 school amod 6 school school NOUN Number=Sing 2 goes obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 goes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present She a independent school vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial_Location
Example 4 We bought bread from an independent bakery.
nsubj obj case det amod obl punct root We PRON bought VERB bread NOUN from ADP an DET independent ADJ bakery NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 bought nsubj 2 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought obj 4 from from ADP _ 7 bakery case 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 bakery det 6 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bakery amod 7 bakery bakery NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past We bread a independent bakery vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent bread=Theme from bakery=Source
Example 5 In our test, the independent variable was the amount of water.
case nmod:poss obl punct det amod nsubj cop det case nmod punct root In ADP our PRON test NOUN , PUNCT the DET independent ADJ variable NOUN was AUX the DET amount NOUN of ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 test case 2 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 test nmod:poss 3 test test NOUN Number=Sing 10 amount obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 test punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 variable det 6 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 7 variable amod 7 variable variable NOUN Number=Sing 10 amount nsubj 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 amount cop 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 amount det 10 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 of of ADP _ 12 water case 12 water water NOUN Number=Sing 10 amount nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 10 amount punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the independent variable the amount our test of water tree rules 2 test our nom test «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 Cats are more independent than dogs.
nsubj cop advmod case obl punct root Cats NOUN are AUX more ADV independent ADJ than ADP dogs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 4 independent nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 independent cop 3 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 4 independent advmod 4 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 than than ADP _ 6 dogs case 6 dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 4 independent obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 independent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Cats than dogs; independent property tree rules
Example 7 Learning to cook makes you more independent.
csubj mark xcomp obj amod xcomp punct root Learning VERB to PART cook VERB makes VERB you PRON more ADJ independent ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Learning learn VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 makes csubj 2 to to PART _ 3 cook mark 3 cook cook VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Learning xcomp 4 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 makes obj 6 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 7 independent amod 7 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 4 makes xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn gerund vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 cook to-infinitive vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 make present Learning you independent property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product
Example 8 It certainly prevented Perrault from being a thorough scholar, though it made him a man of taste, a sincere independent, and an undaunted amateur.
The tree, 24 words nsubj advmod obj case cop det amod obl punct mark nsubj parataxis obj det obj case nmod punct det amod conj punct cc det amod obl punct root It PRON certainly ADV prevented VERB Perrault PROPN from ADP being AUX a DET thorough ADJ scholar NOUN , PUNCT though SCONJ it PRON made VERB him PRON a DET man NOUN of ADP taste NOUN , PUNCT a DET sincere ADJ independent ADJ , PUNCT and CCONJ an DET undaunted ADJ amateur NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 prevented nsubj 2 certainly certainly ADV _ 3 prevented advmod 3 prevented prevent VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 Perrault Perrault PROPN Number=Sing 3 prevented obj 5 from from ADP _ 9 scholar case 6 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 scholar cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 scholar det 8 thorough thorough ADJ Degree=Pos 9 scholar amod 9 scholar scholar NOUN Number=Sing 3 prevented obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 made punct 11 though though SCONJ _ 13 made mark 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 made nsubj 13 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 prevented parataxis 14 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 made obj 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 man det 16 man man NOUN Number=Sing 13 made obj 17 of of ADP _ 18 taste case 18 taste taste NOUN Number=Sing 16 man nmod 19 , , PUNCT _ 22 independent punct 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 independent det 21 sincere sincere ADJ Degree=Pos 22 independent amod 22 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 13 made conj 23 , , PUNCT _ 27 amateur punct 24 and and CCONJ _ 27 amateur cc 25 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 27 amateur det 26 undaunted undaunted ADJ Degree=Pos 27 amateur amod 27 amateur amateur NOUN Number=Sing 22 independent obl 28 . . PUNCT _ 3 prevented punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 prevent past It Perrault certainly property vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer perrault=Theme 2 is gerund a thorough scholar tree rules 3 make past scholar a man of taste Perrault vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset he=Beneficiary man=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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