indirectly
Who acts: I, advice, sun · What happens: hear, come, warm · To what, where: news, cousin, us, air
«indirectly» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: indirectly in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
Not straight from the source; by way of someone or something else.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 source | advmod |
| 2 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 5 source | advmod |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 source | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 source | det |
| 5 | source | source | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 8 way | punct |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 way | case |
| 8 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 source | appos |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 someone | case |
| 10 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 8 way | nmod |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 something | cc |
| 12 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 10 someone | conj |
| 13 | else | else | ADV | _ | 12 something | advmod |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 source | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
I heard the news indirectly.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 heard | nsubj |
| 2 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 news | det |
| 4 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 heard | obj |
| 5 | indirectly | indirectly | ADV | _ | 2 heard | advmod |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 heard | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | I | the news | indirectly property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer news=Stimulus |
Example 1
I heard the news indirectly, from my cousin.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 heard | nsubj |
| 2 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 news | det |
| 4 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 heard | obj |
| 5 | indirectly | indirectly | ADV | _ | 2 heard | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 cousin | punct |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 cousin | case |
| 8 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 cousin | nmod:poss |
| 9 | cousin | cousin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 heard | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 heard | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | I | the news | my cousin | indirectly property | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent news=Topic from cousin=Source |
Example 2
The advice came indirectly through a friend.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 advice | det |
| 2 | advice | advice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | indirectly | indirectly | ADV | _ | 3 came | advmod |
| 5 | through | through | ADP | _ | 7 friend | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 friend | det |
| 7 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the advice | through a friend; indirectly property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through friend=Initial_Location |
Example 3
The sun warms us indirectly through the air.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sun | det |
| 2 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 warms | nsubj |
| 3 | warms | warm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 warms | obj |
| 5 | indirectly | indirectly | ADV | _ | 3 warms | advmod |
| 6 | through | through | ADP | _ | 8 air | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 air | det |
| 8 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 warms | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 warms | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | warm | present | the sun | us | the air | indirectly property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent we=Patient |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/I/indirectly/