indulge Who acts: yourself, you, someone, they, it, indulgence · What happens: let, do, have, enjoy, indulge, want · To what, where: yourself, something, chocolate, someone, whatever, child
«indulge» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: indulge in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To let yourself do or have something you enjoy, especially as a treat: indulge in chocolate.
The tree, 16 words mark obj xcomp cc conj obj nsubj acl:relcl punct advmod case det obl punct conj case obl punct root To PART let VERB yourself PRON do VERB or CCONJ have VERB something PRON you PRON enjoy VERB , PUNCT especially ADV as ADP a DET treat NOUN : PUNCT indulge VERB in ADP chocolate NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 let mark 2 let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 2 let obj 4 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 let xcomp 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 have cc 6 have have VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 let conj 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 have obj 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 enjoy nsubj 9 enjoy enjoy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 something acl:relcl 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 treat punct 11 especially especially ADV _ 14 treat advmod 12 as as ADP _ 14 treat case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 treat det 14 treat treat NOUN Number=Sing 6 have obl 15 : : PUNCT _ 16 indulge punct 16 indulge indulge VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 let conj 17 in in ADP _ 18 chocolate case 18 chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 16 indulge obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let to-infinitive yourself tree rules 2 do infinitive yourself not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 have infinitive something as a treat vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 4 enjoy present you vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer 5 indulge infinitive chocolate tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To let someone have whatever they want, even when it's not good for them: to indulge a child.
The tree, 19 words mark obj xcomp obj nsubj acl:relcl punct advmod mark nsubj cop advmod conj case obl punct mark conj det obj punct root To PART let VERB someone PRON have VERB whatever PRON they PRON want VERB , PUNCT even ADV when SCONJ it PRON 's AUX not PART good ADJ for ADP them PRON : PUNCT to PART indulge VERB a DET child NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 let mark 2 let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 let obj 4 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 let xcomp 5 whatever whatever PRON PronType=Rel 4 have obj 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 want nsubj 7 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 whatever acl:relcl 8 , , PUNCT _ 14 good punct 9 even even ADV _ 14 good advmod 10 when when SCONJ _ 14 good mark 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 good nsubj 12 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 good cop 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 14 good advmod 14 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 4 have conj 15 for for ADP _ 16 them case 16 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 good obl 17 : : PUNCT _ 19 indulge punct 18 to to PART _ 19 indulge mark 19 indulge indulge VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 let conj 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 child det 21 child child NOUN Number=Sing 19 indulge obj 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let to-infinitive someone tree rules 2 have infinitive someone not said here whatever vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whatever=Patient 3 want present they vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 4 not is present it for them = they ; good property tree rules 5 indulge to-infinitive a child tree rules
Meaning 3 To allow and go along with someone's interest or wish: indulge his curiosity.
The tree, 14 words mark advcl cc conj advmod case nmod:poss case obl cc conj punct nmod:poss obj punct root To PART allow VERB and CCONJ go VERB along ADV with ADP someone PRON 's PART interest NOUN or CCONJ wish NOUN : PUNCT indulge VERB his PRON curiosity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 allow mark 2 allow allow VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 indulge advcl 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 go cc 4 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 allow conj 5 along along ADV _ 4 go advmod 6 with with ADP _ 9 interest case 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 interest nmod:poss 8 's 's PART _ 7 someone case 9 interest interest NOUN Number=Sing 4 go obl 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 wish cc 11 wish wish NOUN Number=Sing 9 interest conj 12 : : PUNCT _ 13 indulge punct 13 indulge indulge VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 14 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 curiosity nmod:poss 15 curiosity curiosity NOUN Number=Sing 13 indulge obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 13 indulge punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 allow to-infinitive you not said here vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer 2 go along infinitive you not said here with someone's interest or wish; along property vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with interest=Beneficiary 3 indulge imperative you not said here his curiosity tree rules 4 interest someone nom interest «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 4 Usage: church, history — kept apart, not parsed.
An «indulgence» in the medieval Catholic Church was a release from punishment for sin; selling them was one cause of the Reformation.
The tree, 22 words det punct nsubj punct case det amod compound nmod cop det case nmod case nmod punct csubj obj cop nummod parataxis case det nmod punct root An DET « PUNCT indulgence NOUN » PUNCT in ADP the DET medieval ADJ Catholic PROPN Church PROPN was AUX a DET release NOUN from ADP punishment NOUN for ADP sin NOUN ; PUNCT selling VERB them PRON was AUX one NUM cause NOUN of ADP the DET Reformation PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 indulgence det 2 « « PUNCT _ 3 indulgence punct 3 indulgence indulgence NOUN Number=Sing 12 release nsubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 indulgence punct 5 in in ADP _ 9 Church case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Church det 7 medieval medieval ADJ Degree=Pos 9 Church amod 8 Catholic Catholic PROPN Number=Sing 9 Church compound 9 Church Church PROPN Number=Sing 3 indulgence nmod 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 release cop 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 release det 12 release release NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 from from ADP _ 14 punishment case 14 punishment punishment NOUN Number=Sing 12 release nmod 15 for for ADP _ 16 sin case 16 sin sin NOUN Number=Sing 14 punishment nmod 17 ; ; PUNCT _ 18 selling punct 18 selling sell VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 22 cause csubj 19 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 selling obj 20 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 22 cause cop 21 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 22 cause nummod 22 cause cause NOUN Number=Sing 12 release parataxis 23 of of ADP _ 25 Reformation case 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 Reformation det 25 Reformation Reformation PROPN Number=Sing 22 cause nmod 26 . . PUNCT _ 12 release punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past a indulgence in the medieval Catholic Church a release punishment for sin tree rules 2 sell gerund them = they vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme 3 is a past selling one cause of the Reformation tree rules
Example 1 On my birthday I indulged in a huge slice of cake.
case nmod:poss obl nsubj case det amod obl case nmod punct root On ADP my PRON birthday NOUN I PRON indulged VERB in ADP a DET huge ADJ slice NOUN of ADP cake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on ADP _ 3 birthday case 2 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 birthday nmod:poss 3 birthday birthday NOUN Number=Sing 5 indulged obl 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 indulged nsubj 5 indulged indulge VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 in in ADP _ 9 slice case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 slice det 8 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 9 slice amod 9 slice slice NOUN Number=Sing 5 indulged obl 10 of of ADP _ 11 cake case 11 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 9 slice nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 indulged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 indulge past I my birthday in a huge slice of cake tree rules 2 slice cake nom slice «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 2 Grandma indulges us with sweets when we visit.
nsubj obj case obl mark nsubj advcl punct root Grandma NOUN indulges VERB us PRON with ADP sweets NOUN when SCONJ we PRON visit VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 2 indulges nsubj 2 indulges indulge VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 indulges obj 4 with with ADP _ 5 sweets case 5 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 2 indulges obl 6 when when SCONJ _ 8 visit mark 7 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 visit nsubj 8 visit visit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 indulges advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 indulges punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 indulge present Grandma us with sweets tree rules 2 visit present we vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 Go on, indulge yourself — you've earned it.
advmod punct conj obj punct nsubj aux advcl obj punct root Go VERB on ADV , PUNCT indulge VERB yourself PRON — PUNCT you PRON 've AUX earned VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 on on ADV _ 1 Go advmod 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 indulge punct 4 indulge indulge VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Go conj 5 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 4 indulge obj 6 — - PUNCT _ 9 earned punct 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 earned nsubj 8 've have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 earned aux 9 earned earn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 1 Go advcl 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 earned obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go on imperative you not said here vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 indulge infinitive you not said here yourself tree rules 3 earn present · perfect you it vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Example 4 Mum indulged my curiosity and let me take the clock apart.
nsubj nmod:poss obj cc conj obj xcomp det obj advmod punct root Mum NOUN indulged VERB my PRON curiosity NOUN and CCONJ let VERB me PRON take VERB the DET clock NOUN apart ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 indulged nsubj 2 indulged indulge VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 curiosity nmod:poss 4 curiosity curiosity NOUN Number=Sing 2 indulged obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 let cc 6 let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 indulged conj 7 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 let obj 8 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 let xcomp 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 clock det 10 clock clock NOUN Number=Sing 8 take obj 11 apart apart ADV _ 8 take advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 indulged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 indulge past Mum my curiosity tree rules 2 let infinitive Mum not said here me tree rules 3 take infinitive me not said here the clock apart property vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clock=Theme
Example 5 Don't indulge the puppy every time it begs.
aux advmod det obj det obl:unmarked nsubj acl:relcl punct root Do AUX n't PART indulge VERB the DET puppy NOUN every DET time NOUN it PRON begs VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 indulge aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 indulge advmod 3 indulge indulge VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 puppy det 5 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing 3 indulge obj 6 every every DET PronType=Tot 7 time det 7 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 indulge obl:unmarked 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 begs nsubj 9 begs beg VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 time acl:relcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 indulge punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not indulge imperative · do-support you not said here the puppy time tree rules 2 beg speech: request present puppy every time not said here vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent time=Recipient
Example 6 Martin Luther protested against the selling of indulgences.
nsubj flat case det obl case nmod punct root Martin PROPN Luther PROPN protested VERB against ADP the DET selling NOUN of ADP indulgences NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Martin Martin PROPN Number=Sing 3 protested nsubj 2 Luther Luther PROPN Number=Sing 1 Martin flat 3 protested protest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 against against ADP _ 6 selling case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 selling det 6 selling selling NOUN Number=Sing 3 protested obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 indulgences case 8 indulgences indulgence NOUN Number=Plur 6 selling nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 protested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 protest speech: disagree past Martin against the selling of indulgences vn rebel-71.2-2 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent against selling=Topic 2 sell indulgences nom selling «act intransitive»: of=agent
Example 7 Rudy, as usual, had plenty of courage, and indulged in pleasant thoughts of the favorable answer he should receive that evening.
The tree, 21 words nsubj punct case nmod punct obj case nmod punct cc conj case amod obl case det amod nmod nsubj aux parataxis det obj punct root Rudy PROPN , PUNCT as ADP usual ADJ , PUNCT had VERB plenty NOUN of ADP courage NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ indulged VERB in ADP pleasant ADJ thoughts NOUN of ADP the DET favorable ADJ answer NOUN he PRON should AUX receive VERB that DET evening NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rudy Rudy PROPN Number=Sing 6 had nsubj 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Rudy punct 3 as as ADP _ 4 usual case 4 usual usual ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Rudy nmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 1 Rudy punct 6 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 plenty plenty NOUN Number=Sing 6 had obj 8 of of ADP _ 9 courage case 9 courage courage NOUN Number=Sing 7 plenty nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 indulged punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 indulged cc 12 indulged indulge VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 had conj 13 in in ADP _ 15 thoughts case 14 pleasant pleasant ADJ Degree=Pos 15 thoughts amod 15 thoughts thought NOUN Number=Plur 12 indulged obl 16 of of ADP _ 19 answer case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 answer det 18 favorable favorable ADJ Degree=Pos 19 answer amod 19 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 15 thoughts nmod 20 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 22 receive nsubj 21 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 22 receive aux 22 receive receive VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 indulged parataxis 23 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 24 evening det 24 evening evening NOUN Number=Sing 22 receive obj 25 . . PUNCT _ 6 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Rudy as usual plenty of courage vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plenty=Patient 2 indulge participle Rudy as usual not said here pleasant thoughts of the favorable answer tree rules 3 receive should Rudy evening vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 think the favorable answer nom thought «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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