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infestation

Who acts: pests, infestation, barn, Aphid infestation, you · What happens: live, not want, cause, be, infest, have · To what, where: place, pests, harm, head lice, infestation, rats

«infestation» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: infestation in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A large number of insects, animals or pests living in a place where they are not wanted and causing harm.

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 number	det
2	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 number	amod
3	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 insects	case
5	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 number	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 animals	punct
7	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 insects	conj
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 pests	cc
9	pests	pest	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 insects	conj
10	living	live	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 pests	acl
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 place	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 place	det
13	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 living	obl
14	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	18 wanted	advmod
15	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 wanted	nsubj
16	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 wanted	aux:pass
17	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	18 wanted	advmod
18	wanted	want	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 place	acl:relcl
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 causing	cc
20	causing	cause	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	18 wanted	conj
21	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 causing	obj
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 number	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	gerund	pests not said here			a place			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location
2	not want	present · passive		pests = pest					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme
3	cause	gerund		harm					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition harm=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

There is an infestation of head lice in Year 3.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 is	expl
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 infestation	det
4	infestation	infestation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 lice	case
6	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lice	compound
7	lice	louse	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 infestation	nmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 Year	case
9	Year	Year	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 lice	nmod
10	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 Year	flat
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 is	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	a infestation of head lice in Year			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	infest			head lice in Year					nom infestation «state transitive»: of=patient

Example 2

The barn had an infestation of rats.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 barn	det
2	barn	barn	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 infestation	det
5	infestation	infestation	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 rats	case
7	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 infestation	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the barn	a infestation of rats					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent infestation=Patient
2	infest			rats					nom infestation «state transitive»: of=patient

Example 3

Aphid infestation ruined the roses.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Aphid	aphid	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 infestation	compound
2	infestation	infestation	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ruined	nsubj
3	ruined	ruin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 roses	det
5	roses	rose	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 ruined	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 ruined	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ruin	past	Aphid infestation	the roses					vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rose=Patient

Example 4

Pest control dealt with the ant infestation.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pest	pest	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 control	compound
2	control	control	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	dealt	deal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 control	acl
4	with	with	ADP	_	7 infestation	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 infestation	det
6	ant	ant	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 infestation	compound
7	infestation	infestation	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dealt	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 control	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deal	participle		Pest control not said here				with the ant infestation	vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with infestation=Theme

Example 5

A moth infestation made holes in the jumpers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 infestation	det
2	moth	moth	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 infestation	compound
3	infestation	infestation	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 holes	nsubj
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 holes	amod
5	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 jumpers	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 jumpers	det
8	jumpers	jumper	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 holes	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 holes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle							vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset

Example 6

Keep food covered to prevent an infestation.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Keep	obj
3	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 food	acl
4	to	to	PART	_	5 prevent	mark
5	prevent	prevent	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 covered	advcl
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 infestation	det
7	infestation	infestation	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 prevent	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Keep	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	imperative	you not said here	food					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme
2	cover	participle		food not said here					vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
3	prevent	to-infinitive		a infestation					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer infestation=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/I/infestation/