invading Who acts: germs, Vikings, invading army, White blood cells, Ants, you · What happens: enter, take, come, get, cause, do · To what, where: country, control, place, body, harm, private space · Speech: someone speaks here
«invading» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: invading in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Entering a country or place by force, with an army, to take control of it.
The tree, 15 words csubj det obj cc conj case obl punct case det punct mark parataxis obj case nmod punct root Entering VERB a DET country NOUN or CCONJ place NOUN by ADP force NOUN , PUNCT with ADP an DET army NOUN , PUNCT to PART take VERB control NOUN of ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Entering enter VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 army csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 country det 3 country country NOUN Number=Sing 1 Entering obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 place cc 5 place place NOUN Number=Sing 3 country conj 6 by by ADP _ 7 force case 7 force force NOUN Number=Sing 1 Entering obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 army punct 9 with with ADP _ 11 army case 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 army det 11 army army NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 take punct 13 to to PART _ 14 take mark 14 take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 11 army parataxis 15 control control NOUN Number=Sing 14 take obj 16 of of ADP _ 17 it case 17 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 control nmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 11 army punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 enter gerund a country or place by force vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme country=Destination 2 take to-infinitive control of control vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent control=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Coming into a place in large numbers, often in an unwanted way, like insects or weeds.
The tree, 16 words csubj case det obl case amod nmod punct advmod case det amod punct case appos cc conj punct root Coming VERB into ADP a DET place NOUN in ADP large ADJ numbers NOUN , PUNCT often ADV in ADP an DET unwanted ADJ way NOUN , PUNCT like ADP insects NOUN or CCONJ weeds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coming come VERB VerbForm=Ger 13 way csubj 2 into into ADP _ 4 place case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 place det 4 place place NOUN Number=Sing 1 Coming obl 5 in in ADP _ 7 numbers case 6 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 7 numbers amod 7 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 4 place nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 13 way punct 9 often often ADV _ 13 way advmod 10 in in ADP _ 13 way case 11 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 way det 12 unwanted unwanted ADJ Degree=Pos 13 way amod 13 way way NOUN Number=Sing root root 14 , , PUNCT _ 16 insects punct 15 like like ADP _ 16 insects case 16 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 13 way appos 17 or or CCONJ _ 18 weeds cc 18 weeds weed NOUN Number=Plur 16 insects conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 13 way punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come gerund a place in large numbers vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into place=Initial_Location
Meaning 3 Getting into the body and causing harm, as germs do.
case det obl cc conj obj punct mark nsubj conj punct root Getting VERB into ADP the DET body NOUN and CCONJ causing VERB harm NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ germs NOUN do VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Getting get VERB VerbForm=Ger root root 2 into into ADP _ 4 body case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 body det 4 body body NOUN Number=Sing 1 Getting obl 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 causing cc 6 causing cause VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Getting conj 7 harm harm NOUN Number=Sing 6 causing obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 do punct 9 as as SCONJ _ 11 do mark 10 germs germ NOUN Number=Plur 11 do nsubj 11 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Getting conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Getting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get gerund the body vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into body=Destination 2 cause gerund harm vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition harm=Patient 3 do present germs vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 Going into someone's private space or life without being wanted.
case nmod:poss case amod obl cc conj mark aux:pass advcl punct root Going VERB into ADP someone PRON 's PART private ADJ space NOUN or CCONJ life NOUN without SCONJ being AUX wanted VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Going go VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 into into ADP _ 6 space case 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 space nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 someone case 5 private private ADJ Degree=Pos 6 space amod 6 space space NOUN Number=Sing 1 Going obl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 life cc 8 life life NOUN Number=Sing 6 space conj 9 without without SCONJ _ 11 wanted mark 10 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 wanted aux:pass 11 wanted want VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Going advcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Going punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go gerund someone's private space or life vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into space=Initial_Location 2 want gerund · passive vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»
Example 1 The Vikings were invading the coast of England.
det nsubj aux det obj case nmod punct root The DET Vikings PROPN were AUX invading VERB the DET coast NOUN of ADP England PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Vikings det 2 Vikings Viking PROPN Number=Plur 4 invading nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 invading aux 4 invading invade VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 coast det 6 coast coast NOUN Number=Sing 4 invading obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 England case 8 England England PROPN Number=Sing 6 coast nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 invading punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 invade past · progressive the Vikings the coast of England tree rules
Example 2 The invading army crossed the river at dawn.
det amod nsubj det obj case obl punct root The DET invading VERB army NOUN crossed VERB the DET river NOUN at ADP dawn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 army det 2 invading invade VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 army amod 3 army army NOUN Number=Sing 4 crossed nsubj 4 crossed cross VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 river det 6 river river NOUN Number=Sing 4 crossed obj 7 at at ADP _ 8 dawn case 8 dawn dawn NOUN Number=Sing 4 crossed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 crossed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 invade gerund tree rules 2 cross past the invading army the river dawn vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient
Example 3 White blood cells fight invading germs.
amod compound nsubj amod obj punct root White ADJ blood NOUN cells NOUN fight VERB invading VERB germs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 White white ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cells amod 2 blood blood NOUN Number=Sing 3 cells compound 3 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 4 fight nsubj 4 fight fight VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 invading invade VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 germs amod 6 germs germ NOUN Number=Plur 4 fight obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 fight punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fight present White blood cells invading germs vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Co-Agent 2 invade gerund tree rules
Example 4 Ants are invading our kitchen again.
nsubj aux nmod:poss obj advmod punct root Ants NOUN are AUX invading VERB our PRON kitchen NOUN again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ants ant NOUN Number=Plur 3 invading nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 invading aux 3 invading invade VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 kitchen nmod:poss 5 kitchen kitchen NOUN Number=Sing 3 invading obj 6 again again ADV _ 3 invading advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 invading punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 invade present · progressive Ants our kitchen again tree rules
Example 5 Stop reading my diary, you're invading my privacy!
xcomp nmod:poss obj punct nsubj aux conj nmod:poss obj punct root Stop VERB reading VERB my PRON diary NOUN , PUNCT you PRON 're AUX invading VERB my PRON privacy NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 reading read VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Stop xcomp 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 diary nmod:poss 4 diary diary NOUN Number=Sing 2 reading obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 invading punct 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 invading nsubj 7 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 invading aux 8 invading invade VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 reading conj 9 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 privacy nmod:poss 10 privacy privacy NOUN Number=Sing 8 invading obj 11 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop imperative you not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 2 read gerund you not said here my diary vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent diary=Topic 3 invade present · progressive you my privacy tree rules
Example 6 Russia's army invading Ukraine in 2022 was condemned by most countries at the UN.
The tree, 15 words nmod:poss case nsubj:pass acl obj case obl aux:pass case amod obl case det nmod punct root Russia PROPN 's PART army NOUN invading VERB Ukraine PROPN in ADP 2022 NUM was AUX condemned VERB by ADP most ADJ countries NOUN at ADP the DET UN PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Russia Russia PROPN Number=Sing 3 army nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Russia case 3 army army NOUN Number=Sing 9 condemned nsubj:pass 4 invading invade VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 army acl 5 Ukraine Ukraine PROPN Number=Sing 4 invading obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 2022 case 7 2022 2022 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 invading obl 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 condemned aux:pass 9 condemned condemn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 10 by by ADP _ 12 countries case 11 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 12 countries amod 12 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 9 condemned obl 13 at at ADP _ 15 UN case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 UN det 15 UN UN PROPN Number=Sing 12 countries nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 9 condemned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 invade gerund Russia's army not said here Ukraine 2022 tree rules 2 condemn past · passive most countries at the UN Russia's army vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
Example 7 Cane toads are invading new parts of Australia.
compound nsubj aux amod obj case nmod punct root Cane NOUN toads NOUN are AUX invading VERB new ADJ parts NOUN of ADP Australia PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cane cane NOUN Number=Sing 2 toads compound 2 toads toad NOUN Number=Plur 4 invading nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 invading aux 4 invading invade VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 6 parts amod 6 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 4 invading obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 Australia case 8 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 6 parts nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 invading punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 invade present · progressive Cane toads new parts of Australia tree rules
Example 8 The weeds are invading the vegetable patch.
det nsubj aux det compound obj punct root The DET weeds NOUN are AUX invading VERB the DET vegetable NOUN patch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 weeds det 2 weeds weed NOUN Number=Plur 4 invading nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 invading aux 4 invading invade VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 patch det 6 vegetable vegetable NOUN Number=Sing 7 patch compound 7 patch patch NOUN Number=Sing 4 invading obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 invading punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 invade present · progressive the weeds the vegetable patch tree rules
Example 9 After which he lifted the spell, and the invading army slunk back to Rome, and reported what Virgilius had said to the emperor.
The tree, 23 words case obl nsubj det obj punct cc det amod nsubj conj advmod case obl punct cc conj obj nsubj:pass aux ccomp case det obl punct root After ADP which PRON he PRON lifted VERB the DET spell NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET invading VERB army NOUN slunk VERB back ADV to ADP Rome PROPN , PUNCT and CCONJ reported VERB what PRON Virgilius PROPN had AUX said VERB to ADP the DET emperor NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 2 which case 2 which which PRON PronType=Rel 4 lifted obl 3 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 lifted nsubj 4 lifted lift VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 spell det 6 spell spell NOUN Number=Sing 4 lifted obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 slunk punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 12 slunk cc 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 army det 10 invading invade VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 army amod 11 army army NOUN Number=Sing 12 slunk nsubj 12 slunk slink VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 lifted conj 13 back back ADV _ 12 slunk advmod 14 to to ADP _ 15 Rome case 15 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 12 slunk obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 reported punct 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 reported cc 18 reported report VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 lifted conj 19 what what PRON PronType=Int 22 said obj 20 Virgilius Virgilius PROPN Number=Sing 22 said nsubj:pass 21 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 22 said aux 22 said say VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 18 reported ccomp 23 to to ADP _ 25 emperor case 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 emperor det 25 emperor emperor NOUN Number=Sing 22 said obl 26 . . PUNCT _ 4 lifted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lift past he the spell vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spell=Theme 2 invade gerund tree rules 3 slink back past the invading army Rome vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to rome=Destination 4 report past he not said here vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 5 say speech: assert past · perfect · passive Virgilius to the emperor vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme what=Manner
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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