ironic Who acts: it, you, opposite, swimming teacher, he, voice · What happens: be, expect, burn down, say, mean, rain · To what, where: opposite, fire station, ironic voice, him, us, ironic twist · Speech: someone speaks here
«ironic» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ironic in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Strange or funny because it is the opposite of what you would expect, as in «It's ironic that the fire station burned down».
The tree, 24 words cc conj mark nsubj cop det advcl case nmod nsubj aux acl:relcl punct mark fixed punct nsubj cop conj mark det compound nsubj:pass advcl compound:prt punct punct root Strange ADJ or CCONJ funny ADJ because SCONJ it PRON is AUX the DET opposite NOUN of ADP what PRON you PRON would AUX expect VERB , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP « PUNCT It PRON 's AUX ironic ADJ that SCONJ the DET fire NOUN station NOUN burned VERB down ADP » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Strange strange ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 or or CCONJ _ 3 funny cc 3 funny funny ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Strange conj 4 because because SCONJ _ 8 opposite mark 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 opposite nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 opposite cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 opposite det 8 opposite opposite NOUN Number=Sing 3 funny advcl 9 of of ADP _ 10 what case 10 what what PRON PronType=Rel 8 opposite nmod 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 13 expect nsubj 12 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 13 expect aux 13 expect expect VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 what acl:relcl 14 , , PUNCT _ 20 ironic punct 15 as as SCONJ _ 20 ironic mark 16 in in ADP _ 15 as fixed 17 « « PUNCT _ 20 ironic punct 18 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 20 ironic nsubj 19 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 ironic cop 20 ironic ironic ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Strange conj 21 that that SCONJ _ 25 burned mark 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 station det 23 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 24 station compound 24 station station NOUN Number=Sing 25 burned nsubj:pass 25 burned burn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 20 ironic advcl 26 down down ADP _ 25 burned compound:prt 27 » » PUNCT _ 25 burned punct 28 . . PUNCT _ 1 Strange punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present it the opposite tree rules 2 expect would you vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 3 is in a quote present opposite ironic property tree rules 4 burn down in a quote participle · passive the fire station vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Saying the opposite of what you mean as a joke, as in an ironic «Great weather!» when it rains.
The tree, 19 words csubj det obj case nmod nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct mark case det amod punct amod ccomp punct punct mark nsubj punct root Saying VERB the DET opposite NOUN of ADP what PRON you PRON mean VERB as ADP a DET joke NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP an DET ironic ADJ « PUNCT Great ADJ weather NOUN ! PUNCT » PUNCT when SCONJ it PRON rains VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Saying say VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 23 rains csubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 opposite det 3 opposite opposite NOUN Number=Sing 1 Saying obj 4 of of ADP _ 5 what case 5 what what PRON PronType=Rel 3 opposite nmod 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 mean nsubj 7 mean mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 what acl:relcl 8 as as ADP _ 10 joke case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 joke det 10 joke joke NOUN Number=Sing 7 mean obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 18 weather punct 12 as as SCONJ _ 18 weather mark 13 in in ADP _ 18 weather case 14 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 weather det 15 ironic ironic ADJ Degree=Pos 18 weather amod 16 « « PUNCT _ 18 weather punct 17 Great great ADJ Degree=Pos 18 weather amod 18 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 1 Saying ccomp 19 ! ! PUNCT _ 18 weather punct 20 » » PUNCT _ 18 weather punct 21 when when SCONJ _ 23 rains mark 22 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 rains nsubj 23 rains rain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 24 . . PUNCT _ 23 rains punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert gerund the opposite vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent opposite=Topic 2 mean present you as a joke vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as joke=Attribute 3 rain present it vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
Example 1 It's ironic that the swimming teacher can't swim.
nsubj cop mark det compound nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root It PRON 's AUX ironic ADJ that SCONJ the DET swimming NOUN teacher NOUN ca AUX n't PART swim VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 ironic nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 ironic cop 3 ironic ironic ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 that that SCONJ _ 10 swim mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 teacher det 6 swimming swimming NOUN Number=Sing 7 teacher compound 7 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 10 swim nsubj 8 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 swim aux 9 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 10 swim advmod 10 swim swim VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 ironic advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 ironic punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It ironic property tree rules 2 not swim can the swimming teacher vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 «Lovely day,» he said in an ironic voice as it poured.
The tree, 11 words punct amod obl:unmarked punct punct nsubj case det amod obl mark nsubj advcl punct root « PUNCT Lovely ADJ day NOUN , PUNCT » PUNCT he PRON said VERB in ADP an DET ironic ADJ voice NOUN as SCONJ it PRON poured VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 day punct 2 Lovely lovely ADJ Degree=Pos 3 day amod 3 day day NOUN Number=Sing 7 said obl:unmarked 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 day punct 5 » » PUNCT _ 3 day punct 6 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 said nsubj 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 in in ADP _ 11 voice case 9 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 voice det 10 ironic ironic ADJ Degree=Pos 11 voice amod 11 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 7 said obl 12 as as SCONJ _ 14 poured mark 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 poured nsubj 14 poured pour VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 said advcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past he a ironic voice day vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in voice=Manner 2 pour past voice vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source
Example 3 It was ironic that the alarm clock made him late.
nsubj cop mark det compound nsubj advcl obj advmod punct root It PRON was AUX ironic ADJ that SCONJ the DET alarm NOUN clock NOUN made VERB him PRON late ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 ironic nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 ironic cop 3 ironic ironic ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 that that SCONJ _ 8 made mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 clock det 6 alarm alarm NOUN Number=Sing 7 clock compound 7 clock clock NOUN Number=Sing 8 made nsubj 8 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 ironic advcl 9 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 made obj 10 late late ADV Degree=Pos 8 made advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 ironic punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past It ironic property tree rules 2 make past the alarm clock him = he late property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material he=Product
Example 4 Her ironic comment made us laugh.
nmod:poss amod nsubj obj xcomp punct root Her PRON ironic ADJ comment NOUN made VERB us PRON laugh VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 comment nmod:poss 2 ironic ironic ADJ Degree=Pos 3 comment amod 3 comment comment NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj 4 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 made obj 6 laugh laugh VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 made xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past Her ironic comment us tree rules 2 laugh infinitive us not said here vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 comment Her = she nom comment «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 The story ends in an ironic twist.
det nsubj case det amod obl punct root The DET story NOUN ends VERB in ADP an DET ironic ADJ twist NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 story det 2 story story NOUN Number=Sing 3 ends nsubj 3 ends end VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 7 twist case 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 twist det 6 ironic ironic ADJ Degree=Pos 7 twist amod 7 twist twist NOUN Number=Sing 3 ends obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 ends punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 end present the story a ironic twist vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 6 It's ironic that the «No Litter» sign was lying on the ground.
The tree, 13 words nsubj cop mark det punct det compound punct nsubj aux advcl case det obl punct root It PRON 's AUX ironic ADJ that SCONJ the DET « PUNCT No DET Litter PROPN » PUNCT sign NOUN was AUX lying VERB on ADP the DET ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 ironic nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 ironic cop 3 ironic ironic ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 that that SCONJ _ 12 lying mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 sign det 6 « « PUNCT _ 8 Litter punct 7 No no DET PronType=Neg 8 Litter det 8 Litter Litter PROPN Number=Sing 10 sign compound 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 Litter punct 10 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing 12 lying nsubj 11 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 lying aux 12 lying lie VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 ironic advcl 13 on on ADP _ 15 ground case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 ground det 15 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 12 lying obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 ironic punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It ironic property tree rules 2 lie past · progressive the Litter sign the ground vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on ground=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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