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irregular

Who acts: Irregular, irregular verbs, rectangle, you, Swim, plural · What happens: not mean, mean, not happen, not follow, go, not be · To what, where: same shape, normal rule, grammar, child, usual rules, square · Speech: someone speaks here

«irregular» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: irregular in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Irregular means not even or not the same shape or size all over.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	2 means	advmod
4	even	even	ADV	_	9 shape	advmod
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 shape	cc
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 shape	advmod
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 shape	det
8	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 shape	amod
9	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	obj
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 size	cc
11	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 shape	conj
12	all	all	ADV	_	13 over	advmod
13	over	over	ADV	_	2 means	advmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not mean	present	Irregular	the same shape or size				over property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"an irregular coastline".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 coastline	punct
2	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 coastline	det
3	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 coastline	amod
4	coastline	coastline	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 coastline	punct
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 coastline	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 2

Irregular means not happening at equal times.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 happening	advmod
4	happening	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 means	ccomp
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 times	case
6	equal	equal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 times	amod
7	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 happening	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Irregular						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	not happen	gerund					time		vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"an irregular heartbeat", "irregular meals".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 heartbeat	punct
2	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 heartbeat	det
3	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 heartbeat	amod
4	heartbeat	heartbeat	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 heartbeat	punct
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 meals	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 meals	punct
8	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 meals	amod
9	meals	meal	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 heartbeat	appos
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 meals	punct
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 heartbeat	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

In grammar, irregular verbs and plurals do not follow the normal rule: go → went, child → children.

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 grammar	case
2	grammar	grammar	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 follow	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 grammar	punct
4	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 verbs	amod
5	verbs	verb	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 follow	nsubj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 plurals	cc
7	plurals	plural	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 verbs	conj
8	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 follow	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 follow	advmod
10	follow	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 rule	det
12	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 rule	amod
13	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 follow	obj
14	:	:	PUNCT	_	15 go	punct
15	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 follow	conj
16	→	→	SYM	_	17 went	punct
17	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 go	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 child	punct
19	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 went	obl
20	→	→	SYM	_	21 children	punct
21	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 went	obl
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 follow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not follow	present · do-support	irregular verbs and plurals	the normal rule		grammar			vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent rule=Theme in grammar=Trajectory
2	go	infinitive	irregular verbs and plurals not said here						vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	go	past	irregular verbs and plurals not said here	child				children obl	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Meaning 4

Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

Irregular can mean not following the usual rules, not proper.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Irregular	irregular	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 mean	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 mean	aux
3	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 following	advmod
5	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 mean	obj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 rules	det
7	usual	usual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 rules	amod
8	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 following	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 proper	punct
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 proper	advmod
11	proper	properly	ADV	_	5 following	advmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	can	Irregular						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	not follow	gerund		the usual rules				properly property	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"irregular behaviour".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 behaviour	punct
2	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 behaviour	amod
3	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 behaviour	punct
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 behaviour	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

A rectangle that is not a square is an irregular quadrilateral.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 rectangle	det
2	rectangle	rectangle	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 quadrilateral	nsubj
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 square	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 square	cop
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 square	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 square	det
7	square	square	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rectangle	acl:relcl
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 quadrilateral	cop
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 quadrilateral	det
10	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 quadrilateral	amod
11	quadrilateral	quadrilateral	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 quadrilateral	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is a	present	a rectangle	a square					tree rules
2	is a	present	a rectangle	a irregular quadrilateral					tree rules

Example 2

Find the area of the irregular shape by counting squares.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Find	find	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 area	det
3	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Find	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 shape	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 shape	det
6	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 shape	amod
7	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 area	nmod
8	by	by	SCONJ	_	9 counting	mark
9	counting	count	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Find	advcl
10	squares	square	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 counting	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Find	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	imperative	you not said here	the area of the irregular shape					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent area=Topic
2	count	gerund	you not said here	squares					vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent square=Theme

Example 3

"Swim" is an irregular verb: swim, swam, swum.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Swim	punct
2	Swim	swim	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 verb	nsubj
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Swim	punct
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 verb	cop
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 verb	det
6	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 verb	amod
7	verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 swim	punct
9	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 verb	parataxis
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 swam	punct
11	swam	swam	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 swim	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 swum	punct
13	swum	swum	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 swim	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 verb	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Swim	a irregular verb					tree rules
2	swim	infinitive							vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	swam	infinitive							tree rules
4	swum	infinitive							tree rules

Example 4

The plural of "mouse" is irregular: mice.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 plural	det
2	plural	plural	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 irregular	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 mouse	case
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 mouse	punct
5	mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 plural	nmod
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 mouse	punct
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 irregular	cop
8	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 mice	punct
10	mice	mouse	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 irregular	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 irregular	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the plural of mouse					mice obl; irregular property	tree rules

Example 5

The bus comes at irregular times.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bus	det
2	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 comes	nsubj
3	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 times	case
5	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 times	amod
6	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 comes	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 comes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	the bus				time		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 6

The country has an irregular coastline with many bays.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 country	det
2	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 coastline	det
5	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 coastline	amod
6	coastline	coastline	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 bays	case
8	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 bays	amod
9	bays	bay	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 coastline	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	the country	a irregular coastline				with many bays	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coastline=Patient

Example 7

The doctor heard an irregular heartbeat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 doctor	det
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heard	nsubj
3	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 heartbeat	det
5	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 heartbeat	amod
6	heartbeat	heartbeat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heard	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 heard	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hear	past	the doctor	a irregular heartbeat					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer heartbeat=Stimulus

Example 8

The streets were rather irregular, it is true, but still this added to their picturesque appearance.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 streets	det
2	streets	street	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 irregular	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 irregular	cop
4	rather	rather	ADV	_	5 irregular	advmod
5	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 true	punct
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 true	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 true	cop
9	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 irregular	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 added	punct
11	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 added	cc
12	still	still	ADV	_	14 added	advmod
13	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	14 added	nsubj:pass
14	added	add	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 irregular	conj
15	to	to	ADP	_	18 appearance	case
16	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 appearance	nmod:poss
17	picturesque	picturesque	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 appearance	amod
18	appearance	appearance	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 added	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 irregular	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the streets					irregular property	tree rules
2	is	present	it					true property	tree rules
3	add speech: assert	participle · passive		this			still	to streets's picturesque appearance	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to appearance=Co-Patient

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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