ivy Who acts: that, different plant, Ivy, Birds, you, berries · What happens: grow up, give, be, climb, eat, not eat · To what, where: walls, itchy rash, name, old castle wall, ivy berries, Holly · Speech: someone speaks here
«ivy» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ivy in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An evergreen climbing plant with dark shiny leaves that grows up walls and trees.
The tree, 14 words det amod compound case amod amod nmod nsubj parataxis compound:prt obj cc conj punct root An DET evergreen ADJ climbing NOUN plant NOUN with ADP dark ADJ shiny ADJ leaves NOUN that PRON grows VERB up ADP walls NOUN and CCONJ trees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 plant det 2 evergreen evergreen ADJ Degree=Pos 4 plant amod 3 climbing climbing NOUN Number=Sing 4 plant compound 4 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 with with ADP _ 8 leaves case 6 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 8 leaves amod 7 shiny shiny ADJ Degree=Pos 8 leaves amod 8 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 4 plant nmod 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 grows nsubj 10 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 plant parataxis 11 up up ADP _ 10 grows compound:prt 12 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur 10 grows obj 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 trees cc 14 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 12 walls conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 plant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow up present that walls and trees vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wall=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: poison ivy, North America — kept apart, not parsed.
A different plant whose leaves give an itchy rash.
det amod nsubj nmod:poss nsubj det amod obj punct root A DET different ADJ plant NOUN whose PRON leaves NOUN give VERB an DET itchy ADJ rash NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 plant det 2 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 3 plant amod 3 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 6 give nsubj 4 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 5 leaves nmod:poss 5 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 6 give nsubj 6 give give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 rash det 8 itchy itchy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 rash amod 9 rash rash NOUN Number=Sing 6 give obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present a different plant a itchy rash vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rash=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: Ivy League, USA — kept apart, not parsed.
A group of old famous universities.
det case amod amod nmod punct root A DET group NOUN of ADP old ADJ famous ADJ universities NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 group det 2 group group NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 6 universities case 4 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 universities amod 5 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 6 universities amod 6 universities university NOUN Number=Plur 2 group nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 group punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.
Ivy is a girl's name.
nsubj cop det nmod:poss case punct root Ivy PROPN is AUX a DET girl NOUN 's PART name NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ivy Ivy PROPN Number=Sing 6 name nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 name cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 girl det 4 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing 6 name nmod:poss 5 's 's PART _ 4 girl case 6 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Ivy a girl's name tree rules
Example 1 Ivy climbed all over the old castle wall.
nsubj advmod case det amod compound obl punct root Ivy PROPN climbed VERB all ADV over ADP the DET old ADJ castle NOUN wall NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ivy Ivy PROPN Number=Sing 2 climbed nsubj 2 climbed climb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 all all ADV _ 2 climbed advmod 4 over over ADP _ 8 wall case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 wall det 6 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 8 wall amod 7 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 8 wall compound 8 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 2 climbed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 climbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 climb past Ivy the old castle wall all property vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over wall=Trajectory
Example 2 Birds eat ivy berries in winter.
nsubj compound obj case obl punct root Birds NOUN eat VERB ivy NOUN berries NOUN in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 2 eat nsubj 2 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 ivy ivy NOUN Number=Sing 4 berries compound 4 berries berry NOUN Number=Plur 2 eat obj 5 in in ADP _ 6 winter case 6 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 2 eat obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present Birds ivy berries winter vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Patient
Example 3 Don't eat ivy berries; they are poisonous to people.
aux advmod compound obj punct nsubj cop advcl case obl punct root Do AUX n't PART eat VERB ivy NOUN berries NOUN ; PUNCT they PRON are AUX poisonous ADJ to ADP people NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 eat aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 eat advmod 3 eat eat VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 ivy ivy NOUN Number=Sing 5 berries compound 5 berries berry NOUN Number=Plur 3 eat obj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 poisonous punct 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 poisonous nsubj 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 poisonous cop 9 poisonous poisonous ADJ Degree=Pos 3 eat advcl 10 to to ADP _ 11 people case 11 people people NOUN Number=Plur 9 poisonous obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not eat imperative · do-support you not said here ivy berries vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Patient 2 is present berries = berry to people; poisonous property tree rules
Example 4 We sang «The Holly and the Ivy» at the Christmas concert.
nsubj punct det obj cc det conj punct case det compound obl punct root We PRON sang VERB « PUNCT The DET Holly PROPN and CCONJ the DET Ivy PROPN » PUNCT at ADP the DET Christmas PROPN concert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sang nsubj 2 sang sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 « « PUNCT _ 5 Holly punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Holly det 5 Holly Holly PROPN Number=Sing 2 sang obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 Ivy cc 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Ivy det 8 Ivy Ivy PROPN Number=Sing 5 Holly conj 9 » » PUNCT _ 5 Holly punct 10 at at ADP _ 13 concert case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 concert det 12 Christmas Christmas PROPN Number=Sing 13 concert compound 13 concert concert NOUN Number=Sing 2 sang obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 sang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express past We the Holly and the Ivy the Christmas concert vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location holly=Theme
Example 5 In Canada we learn: leaves of three, let it be — that's poison ivy.
The tree, 14 words case obl nsubj punct obj case nmod punct conj obj xcomp punct nsubj cop compound obl punct root In ADP Canada PROPN we PRON learn VERB : PUNCT leaves NOUN of ADP three NUM , PUNCT let VERB it PRON be VERB — PUNCT that PRON 's AUX poison NOUN ivy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Canada case 2 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 4 learn obl 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 learn nsubj 4 learn learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 : : PUNCT _ 6 leaves punct 6 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 4 learn obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 three case 8 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 leaves nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 let punct 10 let let VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 learn conj 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 let obj 12 be be VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 let xcomp 13 — - PUNCT _ 17 ivy punct 14 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 17 ivy nsubj 15 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 ivy cop 16 poison poison NOUN Number=Sing 17 ivy compound 17 ivy ivy NOUN Number=Sing 4 learn obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 4 learn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn present we leaves of three Canada vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Topic 2 let infinitive we not said here it tree rules 3 be infinitive vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 is a present that poison ivy tree rules
Example 6 The Badger's house had an ivy-covered entrance.
det nmod:poss case nsubj det compound punct amod obj punct root The DET Badger PROPN 's PART house NOUN had VERB an DET ivy NOUN - PUNCT covered VERB entrance NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Badger det 2 Badger Badger PROPN Number=Sing 4 house nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 Badger case 4 house house NOUN Number=Sing 5 had nsubj 5 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 entrance det 7 ivy ivy NOUN Number=Sing 9 covered compound 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 ivy punct 9 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 entrance amod 10 entrance entrance NOUN Number=Sing 5 had obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the Badger's house a covered entrance vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent entrance=Patient 2 cover participle vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
Example 7 My great-gran was called Ivy.
nmod:poss amod punct nsubj:pass aux:pass xcomp punct root My PRON great ADJ - PUNCT gran NOUN was AUX called VERB Ivy PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 gran nmod:poss 2 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 4 gran amod 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 great punct 4 gran gran NOUN Number=Sing 6 called nsubj:pass 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 called aux:pass 6 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 Ivy Ivy PROPN Number=Sing 6 called xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call past · passive My great gran vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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