jackal Who acts: jackal, small thin dog, sneaky person, others, Jackals, Anubis · What happens: be, live, eat, mean, take, work · To what, where: wild animal, Africa, small animals, sneaky person, advantage, leftover meat · Speech: someone speaks here
«jackal» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: jackal in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A jackal is a wild animal like a small, thin dog that lives in Africa and Asia and eats small animals and leftovers from other hunters.
The tree, 26 words det nsubj cop det amod case det amod punct amod nmod nsubj acl:relcl case obl cc conj cc conj amod obj cc conj case amod nmod punct root A DET jackal NOUN is AUX a DET wild ADJ animal NOUN like ADP a DET small ADJ , PUNCT thin ADJ dog NOUN that PRON lives VERB in ADP Africa PROPN and CCONJ Asia PROPN and CCONJ eats VERB small ADJ animals NOUN and CCONJ leftovers NOUN from ADP other ADJ hunters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 jackal det 2 jackal jackal NOUN Number=Sing 6 animal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 animal cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 animal det 5 wild wild ADJ Degree=Pos 6 animal amod 6 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 like like ADP _ 12 dog case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 dog det 9 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 12 dog amod 10 , , PUNCT _ 9 small punct 11 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 12 dog amod 12 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 6 animal nmod 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 lives nsubj 14 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 dog acl:relcl 15 in in ADP _ 16 Africa case 16 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 14 lives obl 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 Asia cc 18 Asia Asia PROPN Number=Sing 16 Africa conj 19 and and CCONJ _ 20 eats cc 20 eats eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 lives conj 21 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 22 animals amod 22 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 20 eats obj 23 and and CCONJ _ 24 leftovers cc 24 leftovers leftover NOUN Number=Plur 22 animals conj 25 from from ADP _ 27 hunters case 26 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 27 hunters amod 27 hunters hunter NOUN Number=Plur 24 leftovers nmod 28 . . PUNCT _ 6 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a jackal a wild animal like a small thin dog tree rules 2 live present a small thin dog Africa and Asia vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in africa=Location 3 eat present a small thin dog not said here small animals and leftovers from other hunters vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A jackal can mean a sneaky person who takes advantage of others' work or misfortune.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj aux det amod obj nsubj acl:relcl obj case nmod:poss case nmod cc conj punct root A DET jackal NOUN can AUX mean VERB a DET sneaky ADJ person NOUN who PRON takes VERB advantage NOUN of ADP others NOUN ' PART work NOUN or CCONJ misfortune NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 jackal det 2 jackal jackal NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 person det 6 sneaky sneaky ADJ Degree=Pos 7 person amod 7 person person NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean obj 8 who who PRON PronType=Rel 9 takes nsubj 9 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 person acl:relcl 10 advantage advantage NOUN Number=Sing 9 takes obj 11 of of ADP _ 14 work case 12 others other NOUN Number=Plur 14 work nmod:poss 13 ' 's PART _ 12 others case 14 work work NOUN Number=Sing 10 advantage nmod 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 misfortune cc 16 misfortune misfortune NOUN Number=Sing 14 work conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can a jackal a sneaky person vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Topic 2 take present a sneaky person advantage of others's work or misfortune vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advantage=Theme 3 work others nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 A jackal crept towards the leftover meat.
det nsubj case det compound obl punct root A DET jackal NOUN crept VERB towards ADP the DET leftover NOUN meat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 jackal det 2 jackal jackal NOUN Number=Sing 3 crept nsubj 3 crept creep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 towards towards ADP _ 7 meat case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 meat det 6 leftover leftover NOUN Number=Sing 7 meat compound 7 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing 3 crept obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 crept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 creep past a jackal the leftover meat vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards meat=Destination
Example 2 Jackals howl at night on the savanna.
nsubj case obl case det obl punct root Jackals NOUN howl VERB at ADP night NOUN on ADP the DET savanna NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Jackals jackal NOUN Number=Plur 2 howl nsubj 2 howl howl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 4 night case 4 night night NOUN Number=Sing 2 howl obl 5 on on ADP _ 7 savanna case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 savanna det 7 savanna savanna NOUN Number=Sing 2 howl obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 howl punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 howl present Jackals the savanna night vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on savanna=Location
Example 3 Anubis, the Egyptian god, had a jackal's head.
nsubj punct det amod appos punct det nmod:poss case obj punct root Anubis NOUN , PUNCT the DET Egyptian ADJ god NOUN , PUNCT had VERB a DET jackal NOUN 's PART head NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Anubis anubis NOUN Number=Sing 7 had nsubj 2 , , PUNCT _ 5 god punct 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 god det 4 Egyptian Egyptian ADJ Degree=Pos 5 god amod 5 god god NOUN Number=Sing 1 Anubis appos 6 , , PUNCT _ 1 Anubis punct 7 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 jackal det 9 jackal jackal NOUN Number=Sing 11 head nmod:poss 10 's 's PART _ 9 jackal case 11 head head NOUN Number=Sing 7 had obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Anubis a jackal's head vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient
Example 4 The jackal is a cousin of the dog and the wolf.
det nsubj cop det case det nmod cc det conj punct root The DET jackal NOUN is AUX a DET cousin NOUN of ADP the DET dog NOUN and CCONJ the DET wolf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 jackal det 2 jackal jackal NOUN Number=Sing 5 cousin nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 cousin cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 cousin det 5 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 dog case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 dog det 8 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 5 cousin nmod 9 and and CCONJ _ 11 wolf cc 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 wolf det 11 wolf wolf NOUN Number=Sing 8 dog conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 cousin punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the jackal a cousin of the dog and the wolf tree rules
Example 5 In the fable, the clever jackal tricks the lion.
case det obl punct det amod nsubj det obj punct root In ADP the DET fable NOUN , PUNCT the DET clever ADJ jackal NOUN tricks VERB the DET lion NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 fable case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 fable det 3 fable fable NOUN Number=Sing 8 tricks obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 fable punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 jackal det 6 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos 7 jackal amod 7 jackal jackal NOUN Number=Sing 8 tricks nsubj 8 tricks trick VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 lion det 10 lion lion NOUN Number=Sing 8 tricks obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 tricks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 trick present the clever jackal the lion the fable vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lion=Patient
Example 6 Jackals live in pairs and raise their pups together.
nsubj case obl cc conj nmod:poss obj advmod punct root Jackals NOUN live VERB in ADP pairs NOUN and CCONJ raise VERB their PRON pups NOUN together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Jackals jackal NOUN Number=Plur 2 live nsubj 2 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 pairs case 4 pairs pair NOUN Number=Plur 2 live obl 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 raise cc 6 raise raise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 live conj 7 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 pups nmod:poss 8 pups pup NOUN Number=Plur 6 raise obj 9 together together ADV _ 6 raise advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Jackals pairs vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pair=Location 2 raise present Jackals not said here Jackals's pups together property vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pup=Theme
Example 7 We heard jackals calling in the dark.
nsubj obj acl case det obl punct root We PRON heard VERB jackals NOUN calling VERB in ADP the DET dark NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 jackals jackal NOUN Number=Plur 2 heard obj 4 calling call VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 jackals acl 5 in in ADP _ 7 dark case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 dark det 7 dark dark NOUN Number=Sing 4 calling obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past We jackals vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer jackal=Stimulus 2 call gerund jackals not said here the dark vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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