jest Who acts: He, jester, king, You, queen, They · What happens: say, be, joke, not speak, not mean, not be · To what, where: joke, it, jest, Many · Speech: someone speaks here
«jest» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: jest in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: old or formal — kept apart, not parsed.
A joke or something said to be funny.
det cc conj acl mark cop xcomp punct root A DET joke NOUN or CCONJ something PRON said VERB to PART be AUX funny ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 joke det 2 joke joke NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 something cc 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 joke conj 5 said say VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 something acl 6 to to PART _ 8 funny mark 7 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 funny cop 8 funny funny ADJ Degree=Pos 5 said xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 joke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert participle vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is to-infinitive funny property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To joke or speak not seriously.
mark cc conj advmod advmod punct root To PART joke VERB or CCONJ speak VERB not PART seriously ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 joke mark 2 joke joke VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 speak cc 4 speak speak VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 joke conj 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 speak advmod 6 seriously seriously ADV _ 4 speak advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 joke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 joke speech: other to-infinitive vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 not speak speech: other infinitive seriously property vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 «in jest» — as a joke, not meant seriously.
punct case nsubj punct punct case det punct advmod acl advmod punct root « PUNCT in ADP jest NOUN » PUNCT — PUNCT as ADP a DET joke NOUN , PUNCT not PART meant VERB seriously ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 jest punct 2 in in ADP _ 3 jest case 3 jest jest NOUN Number=Sing 8 joke nsubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 jest punct 5 — - PUNCT _ 8 joke punct 6 as as ADP _ 8 joke case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 joke det 8 joke joke NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 meant punct 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 meant advmod 11 meant mean VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 joke acl 12 seriously seriously ADV _ 11 meant advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 8 joke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not mean participle a joke not said here seriously property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Example 1 He said it in jest, so don't be upset.
nsubj obj case obl punct advmod aux advmod cop parataxis punct root He PRON said VERB it PRON in ADP jest NOUN , PUNCT so ADV do AUX n't PART be AUX upset ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 said nsubj 2 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 said obj 4 in in ADP _ 5 jest case 5 jest jest NOUN Number=Sing 2 said obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 11 upset punct 7 so so ADV _ 11 upset advmod 8 do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 11 upset aux 9 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 11 upset advmod 10 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 11 upset cop 11 upset upset ADJ Degree=Pos 2 said parataxis 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past He it jest vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent it=Theme in jest=Manner 2 not is infinitive · do-support upset property tree rules
Example 2 The jester made a jest about the king's crown.
det nsubj det obj case det nmod:poss case obl punct root The DET jester NOUN made VERB a DET jest NOUN about ADP the DET king NOUN 's PART crown NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 jester det 2 jester jester NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 jest det 5 jest jest NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obj 6 about about ADP _ 10 crown case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 king det 8 king king NOUN Number=Sing 10 crown nmod:poss 9 's 's PART _ 8 king case 10 crown crown NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the jester a jest about the king's crown vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset jest=Product 2 crown the king nom crown «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 «You jest!» said the queen.
punct nsubj ccomp punct punct det obj punct root « PUNCT You PRON jest VERB ! PUNCT » PUNCT said VERB the DET queen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 jest punct 2 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 jest nsubj 3 jest jest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 said ccomp 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 jest punct 5 » » PUNCT _ 3 jest punct 6 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 queen det 8 queen queen NOUN Number=Sing 6 said obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jest speech: other in a quote present You vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 say speech: express past the queen vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Example 4 Many a true word is spoken in jest.
nsubj:pass det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root Many ADJ a DET true ADJ word NOUN is AUX spoken VERB in ADP jest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 6 spoken nsubj:pass 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 word det 3 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 4 word amod 4 word word NOUN Number=Sing 6 spoken nsubj:pass 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 spoken aux:pass 6 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 in in ADP _ 8 jest case 8 jest jest NOUN Number=Sing 6 spoken obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 spoken punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other present · passive Many jest tree rules
Example 5 They jested about the teacher's funny hat.
nsubj case det nmod:poss case amod obl punct root They PRON jested VERB about ADP the DET teacher NOUN 's PART funny ADJ hat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 jested nsubj 2 jested jest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADP _ 8 hat case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 teacher det 5 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 8 hat nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 teacher case 7 funny funny ADJ Degree=Pos 8 hat amod 8 hat hat NOUN Number=Sing 2 jested obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 jested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jest speech: other past They about the teacher's funny hat vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about hat=Topic
Example 6 It was only a jest.
nsubj cop advmod det punct root It PRON was AUX only ADV a DET jest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 jest nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 jest cop 3 only only ADV _ 5 jest advmod 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 jest det 5 jest jest NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 jest punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past It a jest tree rules
Example 7 "Sure, you do but jest," said Tom.
punct discourse punct nsubj ccomp cc conj punct punct nsubj punct root " PUNCT Sure INTJ , PUNCT you PRON do VERB but CCONJ jest VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB Tom PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 do punct 2 Sure sure INTJ _ 5 do discourse 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Sure punct 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 do nsubj 5 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 said ccomp 6 but but CCONJ _ 7 jest cc 7 jest jest VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 do conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 5 do punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 5 do punct 10 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 11 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 10 said nsubj 12 . . PUNCT _ 10 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do in a quote present you vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 jest speech: other in a quote infinitive you not said here vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 say speech: assert past Tom vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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