jolt Who acts: bus, sudden shock, alarm, train, loud bang, you · What happens: stop, move, shake, give, shock, jolt · To what, where: jolt, me, someone, action, cart, seatbelt
«jolt» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: jolt in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A sudden hard shake or bump: «The bus stopped with a jolt».
The tree, 12 words det amod amod cc conj punct punct det nsubj parataxis case det obl punct punct root A DET sudden ADJ hard ADJ shake NOUN or CCONJ bump NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET bus NOUN stopped VERB with ADP a DET jolt NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 shake det 2 sudden sudden ADJ Degree=Pos 4 shake amod 3 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 4 shake amod 4 shake shake NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 bump cc 6 bump bump NOUN Number=Sing 4 shake conj 7 : : PUNCT _ 11 stopped punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 11 stopped punct 9 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 bus det 10 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 11 stopped nsubj 11 stopped stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 shake parataxis 12 with with ADP _ 14 jolt case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 jolt det 14 jolt jolt NOUN Number=Sing 11 stopped obl 15 » » PUNCT _ 11 stopped punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 shake punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop in a quote past the bus with a jolt vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with jolt=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To move or shake suddenly and roughly.
mark cc conj advmod cc conj punct root To PART move VERB or CCONJ shake VERB suddenly ADV and CCONJ roughly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 move mark 2 move move VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 shake cc 4 shake shake VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 move conj 5 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 4 shake advmod 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 roughly cc 7 roughly roughly ADV _ 5 suddenly conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 move punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move to-infinitive vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 2 shake infinitive suddenly property vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 A sudden shock or surprise: «The news gave me a jolt».
The tree, 11 words det amod nsubj cc conj punct punct det nsubj iobj det obj punct punct root A DET sudden ADJ shock NOUN or CCONJ surprise NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET news NOUN gave VERB me PRON a DET jolt NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 shock det 2 sudden sudden ADJ Degree=Pos 3 shock amod 3 shock shock NOUN Number=Sing 10 gave nsubj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 surprise cc 5 surprise surprise NOUN Number=Sing 3 shock conj 6 : : PUNCT _ 10 gave punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 10 gave punct 8 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 news det 9 news news NOUN Number=Sing 10 gave nsubj 10 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 11 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 gave iobj 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 jolt det 13 jolt jolt NOUN Number=Sing 10 gave obj 14 » » PUNCT _ 13 jolt punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 10 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give in a quote past a sudden shock or surprise a jolt me vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient jolt=Theme
Meaning 4 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To shock someone into action: «The alarm jolted me awake».
mark obj case obl punct punct det nsubj advcl obj xcomp punct punct root To PART shock VERB someone PRON into ADP action NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET alarm NOUN jolted VERB me PRON awake ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 shock mark 2 shock shock VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 shock obj 4 into into ADP _ 5 action case 5 action action NOUN Number=Sing 2 shock obl 6 : : PUNCT _ 10 jolted punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 10 jolted punct 8 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 alarm det 9 alarm alarm NOUN Number=Sing 10 jolted nsubj 10 jolted jolt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 shock advcl 11 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 jolted obj 12 awake awake ADJ Degree=Pos 10 jolted xcomp 13 » » PUNCT _ 10 jolted punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 shock punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shock to-infinitive someone action vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent someone=Patient into action=Eventuality 2 jolt in a quote past the alarm me awake property vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer
Example 1 The train stopped with a jolt.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET train NOUN stopped VERB with ADP a DET jolt NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 train det 2 train train NOUN Number=Sing 3 stopped nsubj 3 stopped stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 with with ADP _ 6 jolt case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 jolt det 6 jolt jolt NOUN Number=Sing 3 stopped obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 stopped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop past the train with a jolt vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with jolt=Location
Example 2 The cart jolted along the bumpy road.
det acl case det amod obl punct root The DET cart NOUN jolted VERB along ADP the DET bumpy ADJ road NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cart det 2 cart cart NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 jolted jolt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 cart acl 4 along along ADP _ 7 road case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 road det 6 bumpy bumpy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 road amod 7 road road NOUN Number=Sing 3 jolted obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 cart punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jolt participle the cart not said here along the bumpy road vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Example 3 A loud bang jolted me awake.
det amod nsubj obj xcomp punct root A DET loud ADJ bang NOUN jolted VERB me PRON awake ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 bang det 2 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 3 bang amod 3 bang bang NOUN Number=Sing 4 jolted nsubj 4 jolted jolt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 jolted obj 6 awake awake ADJ Degree=Pos 4 jolted xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 jolted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jolt past a loud bang me awake property vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer
Example 4 Wear your seatbelt so a jolt doesn't throw you forward.
nmod:poss obj mark det nsubj aux advmod advcl obj advmod punct root Wear VERB your PRON seatbelt NOUN so SCONJ a DET jolt NOUN does AUX n't PART throw VERB you PRON forward ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wear wear VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 seatbelt nmod:poss 3 seatbelt seatbelt NOUN Number=Sing 1 Wear obj 4 so so SCONJ _ 9 throw mark 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 jolt det 6 jolt jolt NOUN Number=Sing 9 throw nsubj 7 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 throw aux 8 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 9 throw advmod 9 throw throw VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Wear advcl 10 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 throw obj 11 forward forward ADV _ 9 throw advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear imperative you not said here your seatbelt vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent seatbelt=Source 2 not throw present · do-support a jolt you forward property vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
Example 5 The bad news gave her a jolt.
det amod nsubj iobj det obj punct root The DET bad ADJ news NOUN gave VERB her PRON a DET jolt NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 news det 2 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 3 news amod 3 news news NOUN Number=Sing 4 gave nsubj 4 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 gave iobj 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 jolt det 7 jolt jolt NOUN Number=Sing 4 gave obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the bad news a jolt her = she vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient jolt=Theme
Example 6 He got a small jolt from the electric fence.
nsubj det amod obj case det amod obl punct root He PRON got VERB a DET small ADJ jolt NOUN from ADP the DET electric ADJ fence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 got nsubj 2 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 jolt det 4 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 5 jolt amod 5 jolt jolt NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obj 6 from from ADP _ 9 fence case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 fence det 8 electric electric ADJ Degree=Pos 9 fence amod 9 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past He a small jolt the electric fence vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent jolt=Theme from fence=Source
Example 7 And every little while they went a little mile, and jolted so that they very nearly tumbled off.
The tree, 18 words cc det obl mark nsubj det amod obj punct cc conj mark fixed nsubj advmod advmod advcl compound:prt punct root And CCONJ every DET little ADJ while SCONJ they PRON went VERB a DET little ADJ mile NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ jolted VERB so SCONJ that SCONJ they PRON very ADV nearly ADV tumbled VERB off ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 6 went cc 2 every every DET PronType=Tot 3 little det 3 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 6 went obl 4 while while SCONJ _ 6 went mark 5 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 went nsubj 6 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 mile det 8 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 9 mile amod 9 mile mile NOUN Number=Sing 6 went obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 jolted punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 jolted cc 12 jolted jolt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 went conj 13 so so SCONJ ExtPos=SCONJ 18 tumbled mark 14 that that SCONJ _ 13 so fixed 15 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 tumbled nsubj 16 very very ADV _ 18 tumbled advmod 17 nearly nearly ADV _ 18 tumbled advmod 18 tumbled tumble VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 jolted advcl 19 off off ADP _ 18 tumbled compound:prt 20 . . PUNCT _ 6 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past they every little vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mile=Theme 2 jolt participle they not said here vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 3 tumble off participle they nearly property vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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