jonah Who acts: Jonah, prophet, great fish, God, great storm, sailors · What happens: be, run away, swallow, spat out, preach, command · To what, where: prophet, Bible, command, land, city, person · Speech: someone speaks here
«jonah» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: jonah in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.
Jonah is a prophet in the Bible who ran away from God's command, was swallowed by a great fish, and after three days was spat out on land; then he preached in the city of Nineveh.
The tree, 37 words nsubj cop det case det nmod nsubj parataxis advmod case nmod:poss case obl punct aux:pass parataxis case det amod obl punct cc case nummod obl aux:pass conj compound:prt case obl punct advmod nsubj conj case det obl case nmod punct root Jonah PROPN is AUX a DET prophet NOUN in ADP the DET Bible PROPN who PRON ran VERB away ADV from ADP God PROPN 's PART command NOUN , PUNCT was AUX swallowed VERB by ADP a DET great ADJ fish NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ after ADP three NUM days NOUN was AUX spat VERB out ADP on ADP land NOUN ; PUNCT then ADV he PRON preached VERB in ADP the DET city NOUN of ADP Nineveh PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Jonah Jonah PROPN Number=Sing 4 prophet nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 prophet cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 prophet det 4 prophet prophet NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 Bible case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 Bible det 7 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 4 prophet nmod 8 who who PRON PronType=Rel 9 ran nsubj 9 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 prophet parataxis 10 away away ADV _ 9 ran advmod 11 from from ADP _ 14 command case 12 God God PROPN Number=Sing 14 command nmod:poss 13 's 's PART _ 12 God case 14 command command NOUN Number=Sing 9 ran obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 swallowed punct 16 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 17 swallowed aux:pass 17 swallowed swallow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 ran parataxis 18 by by ADP _ 21 fish case 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 fish det 20 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 21 fish amod 21 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 17 swallowed obl 22 , , PUNCT _ 28 spat punct 23 and and CCONJ _ 28 spat cc 24 after after ADP _ 26 days case 25 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 26 days nummod 26 days day NOUN Number=Plur 28 spat obl 27 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 28 spat aux:pass 28 spat spat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 17 swallowed conj 29 out out ADP _ 28 spat compound:prt 30 on on ADP _ 31 land case 31 land land NOUN Number=Sing 28 spat obl 32 ; ; PUNCT _ 35 preached punct 33 then then ADV PronType=Dem 35 preached advmod 34 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 35 preached nsubj 35 preached preach VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 prophet conj 36 in in ADP _ 38 city case 37 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 38 city det 38 city city NOUN Number=Sing 35 preached obl 39 of of ADP _ 40 Nineveh case 40 Nineveh Nineveh PROPN Number=Sing 38 city nmod 41 . . PUNCT _ 4 prophet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Jonah a prophet the Bible tree rules 2 run away past a prophet God's command away property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from command=Trajectory 3 swallow past · passive a great fish vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 spat out past · passive a great fish not said here land day vn battle-36.4 «NP V» 5 preach speech: other past Jonah the city of Nineveh then vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 6 command God nom command «communication transitive»: poss=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: informal, old — kept apart, not parsed.
A jonah is a person thought to bring bad luck, especially on a ship.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj cop det acl mark xcomp amod obj punct advmod case det conj punct root A DET jonah NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN thought VERB to PART bring VERB bad ADJ luck NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV on ADP a DET ship NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 jonah det 2 jonah jonah NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 thought think VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 person acl 7 to to PART _ 8 bring mark 8 bring bring VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 thought xcomp 9 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 10 luck amod 10 luck luck NOUN Number=Sing 8 bring obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 ship punct 12 especially especially ADV _ 15 ship advmod 13 on on ADP _ 15 ship case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 ship det 15 ship ship NOUN Number=Sing 10 luck conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a jonah a person tree rules 2 think speech: other participle a person not said here vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 bring to-infinitive bad luck and a ship vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent luck=Theme
Example 1 Jonah tried to sail away instead of going to Nineveh.
nsubj mark xcomp advmod mark fixed advcl case obl punct root Jonah PROPN tried VERB to PART sail VERB away ADV instead ADV of ADP going VERB to ADP Nineveh PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Jonah Jonah PROPN Number=Sing 2 tried nsubj 2 tried try VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 sail mark 4 sail sail VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 tried xcomp 5 away away ADV _ 4 sail advmod 6 instead instead ADV ExtPos=SCONJ 8 going mark 7 of of ADP _ 6 instead fixed 8 going go VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 sail advcl 9 to to ADP _ 10 Nineveh case 10 Nineveh Nineveh PROPN Number=Sing 8 going obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 tried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 try past Jonah vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 sail away not said to happen to-infinitive Jonah not said here away property vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent 3 go gerund Jonah not said here Nineveh vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to nineveh=Initial_Location
Example 2 A great storm came, and the sailors threw Jonah into the sea.
det amod nsubj punct cc det nsubj conj obj case det obl punct root A DET great ADJ storm NOUN came VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET sailors NOUN threw VERB Jonah PROPN into ADP the DET sea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 storm det 2 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 3 storm amod 3 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 4 came nsubj 4 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 threw punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 9 threw cc 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sailors det 8 sailors sailor NOUN Number=Plur 9 threw nsubj 9 threw throw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 came conj 10 Jonah Jonah PROPN Number=Sing 9 threw obj 11 into into ADP _ 13 sea case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 sea det 13 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 9 threw obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past a great storm vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 throw past the sailors Jonah into the sea result vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer jonah=Theme into sea=Result
Example 3 Jonah stayed inside the fish for three days and nights.
nsubj case det obl case nummod obl cc conj punct root Jonah PROPN stayed VERB inside ADP the DET fish NOUN for ADP three NUM days NOUN and CCONJ nights NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Jonah Jonah PROPN Number=Sing 2 stayed nsubj 2 stayed stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 inside inside ADP _ 5 fish case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 fish det 5 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 2 stayed obl 6 for for ADP _ 8 days case 7 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 days nummod 8 days day NOUN Number=Plur 2 stayed obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 nights cc 10 nights night NOUN Number=Plur 8 days conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 stayed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay past Jonah day inside the fish vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside fish=Location
Example 4 Our class acted out Jonah and the whale with a paper fish.
nmod:poss nsubj compound:prt obj cc det conj case det compound obl punct root Our PRON class NOUN acted VERB out ADP Jonah PROPN and CCONJ the DET whale NOUN with ADP a DET paper NOUN fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 class nmod:poss 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 acted nsubj 3 acted act VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 out out ADP _ 3 acted compound:prt 5 Jonah Jonah PROPN Number=Sing 3 acted obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 whale cc 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 whale det 8 whale whale NOUN Number=Sing 5 Jonah conj 9 with with ADP _ 12 fish case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 fish det 11 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 12 fish compound 12 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 3 acted obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 acted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 act out past Our class Jonah and the whale with a paper fish vn act-114-1-1 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent jonah=Eventuality
Example 5 God forgave the people of Nineveh, and Jonah was cross about it.
nsubj det obj case nmod punct cc nsubj cop conj case obl punct root God PROPN forgave VERB the DET people NOUN of ADP Nineveh PROPN , PUNCT and CCONJ Jonah PROPN was AUX cross ADJ about ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 God God PROPN Number=Sing 2 forgave nsubj 2 forgave forgive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 people det 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 2 forgave obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 Nineveh case 6 Nineveh Nineveh PROPN Number=Sing 4 people nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 cross punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 11 cross cc 9 Jonah Jonah PROPN Number=Sing 11 cross nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 cross cop 11 cross cross ADJ Degree=Pos 2 forgave conj 12 about about ADP _ 13 it case 13 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 cross obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 forgave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 forgive past God the people of Nineveh vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme 2 is past Jonah about it; cross property tree rules
Example 6 The old sailors grumbled that the new cook was a jonah.
det amod nsubj mark det amod nsubj cop det ccomp punct root The DET old ADJ sailors NOUN grumbled VERB that SCONJ the DET new ADJ cook NOUN was AUX a DET jonah NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 sailors det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sailors amod 3 sailors sailor NOUN Number=Plur 4 grumbled nsubj 4 grumbled grumble VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 that that SCONJ _ 11 jonah mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 cook det 7 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 8 cook amod 8 cook cook NOUN Number=Sing 11 jonah nsubj 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 jonah cop 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 jonah det 11 jonah jonah NOUN Number=Sing 4 grumbled ccomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 grumbled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grumble speech: other past the old sailors vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a past the new cook a jonah tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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